Humanitext Reader

Diodorus Siculus · Bibliotheca Historica §5.48.1-5.48.5

Saon of Samothrace and the Deeds of Zeus's Children

Passage 370 of 406 · Greek

Summary

The account covers the origins of Saon, the founder of Samothrace's constitution, the birth of Zeus's children (Dardanus, Iasion, and Harmonia), Dardanus's migration to Asia to found his kingdom, Iasion's establishment of the mysteries, and Cadmus's marriage to Harmonia.

§5.48.1μετὰ δὲ ταῦτα τῶν κατὰ τὴν νῆσον Σάωνα, γενόμενον, ὡς μέν τινές φασιν, ἐκ Διὸς καὶ Νύμφης, ὡς δέ τινες, ἐξ Ἑρμοῦ καὶ Ῥήνης, συναγαγεῖν τοὺς λαοὺς σποράδην οἰκοῦντας, καὶ νόμους θέμενον αὐτὸν μὲν ἀπὸ τῆς νήσου Σάωνα κληθῆναι, τὸ δὲ πλῆθος εἰς πέντε φυλὰς διανείμαντα τῶν ἰδίων υἱῶν ἐπωνύμους αὐτὰς ποιῆσαι.
After these things, it is said that among the inhabitants of the island, Saon—who was born, as some say, of Zeus and a Nymph, and as others say, of Hermes and Rhene—gathered the peoples who were living scattered about, and having established laws, was himself called Saon after the island, and having divided the multitude into five tribes, named them after his own sons.
§5.48.2οὕτω δʼ αὐτῶν πολιτευομένων λέγουσι παρʼ αὐτοῖς τοὺς ἐκ Διὸς καὶ μιᾶς τῶν Ἀτλαντίδων Ἠλέκτρας γενέσθαι Δάρδανόν τε καὶ Ἰασίωνα καὶ Ἁρμονίαν.
While they were living under this constitution, they say that among them Dardanus, Iasion, and Harmonia were born to Zeus and Electra, one of the Atlantides.
§5.48.3ὧν τὸν μὲν Δάρδανον μεγαλεπίβολον γενόμενον, καὶ πρῶτον εἰς τὴν Ἀσίαν ἐπὶ σχεδίας διαπεραιωθέντα, τὸ μὲν πρῶτον κτίσαι Δάρδανον πόλιν καὶ τὸ βασίλειον τὸ περὶ τὴν ὕστερον κληθεῖσαν Τροίαν συστήσασθαι καὶ τοὺς λαοὺς ἀφʼ ἑαυτοῦ Δαρδάνους ὀνομάσαι.
Of these, Dardanus, having become high-spirited, and having been the first to cross over to Asia on a raft, first founded the city of Dardanus and established the kingdom around the place later called Troy, and named the peoples Dardani after himself.
ἐπάρξαι δʼ αὐτόν φασι καὶ πολλῶν ἐθνῶν κατὰ τὴν Ἀσίαν, καὶ τοὺς ὑπὲρ Θρᾴκης Δαρδάνους κατοικίσαι.
And they say that he also ruled over many nations in Asia, and settled the Dardanians who live beyond Thrace.
§5.48.4τὸν δὲ Δία βουληθέντα καὶ τὸν ἕτερον τῶν υἱῶν τιμῆς τυχεῖν, παραδεῖξαι αὐτῷ τὴν τῶν μυστηρίων τελετήν, πάλαι μὲν οὖσαν ἐν τῷ νήσῳ, τότε δέ πως παραδοθεῖσαν, ὧν οὐ θέμις ἀκοῦσαι πλὴν τῶν μεμυημένων.
And Zeus, wishing that his other son also should obtain honor, revealed to him the initiatory rite of the mysteries, which had existed in the island of old, but was then in some way handed down; concerning which things it is not lawful for any but the initiated to hear.
δοκεῖ δʼ οὗτος πρῶτος ξένους μυῆσαι καὶ τὴν τελετὴν διὰ τοῦτο ἔνδοξον ποιῆσαι.
And this man seems to have been the first to initiate strangers and because of this to have made the rite famous.
§5.48.5μετὰ δὲ ταῦτα Κάδμον τὸν Ἀγήνορος κατὰ ζήτησιν τῆς Εὐρώπης ἀφικέσθαι πρὸς αὐτούς, καὶ τῆς τελετῆς μετασχόντα γῆμαι τὴν ἀδελφὴν τοῦ Ἰασίωνος Ἁρμονίαν, οὐ καθάπερ Ἕλληνες μυθολογοῦσι, τὴν Ἄρεος.
After these things, Cadmus, the son of Agenor, came to them in search of Europa, and having participated in the initiatory rite, married Harmonia, the sister of Iasion, and not, as the Greeks tell in their myths, the daughter of Ares.

Notes

  1. 5.48.1τῶν κατὰ τὴν νῆσον — A partitive genitive, literally "of those of the island," which stands in apposition to or contextually qualifies the accusative subject Σάωνα of the infinitive συναγαγεῖν. It is understood as "Saon, [one] of those of the island."
  2. 5.48.1συναγαγεῖν — This infinitive, along with κληθῆναι and ποιῆσαι, depends on an implied verb of saying or reporting (like ἱστοροῦσι or λέγουσι from the preceding context), which continues the indirect discourse throughout this section.
  3. 5.48.3ὧν τὸν μὲν Δάρδανον — The relative pronoun ὧν is a partitive genitive referring to the three children mentioned in the previous section. It introduces a contrastive structure with τὸν μὲν Δάρδανον ("on the one hand, Dardanus"), which is balanced later by τὸν δὲ Δία in 5.48.4 (introducing the story of the other brother, Iasion).
  4. 5.48.4ὧν οὐ θέμις ἀκοῦσαι — The relative pronoun ὧν is neuter plural, referring to the mysteries or their rites, and acts as the genitive object of the infinitive ἀκοῦσαι (since ἀκούω can govern the genitive), which in turn is the subject of the impersonal expression οὐ θέμις [est] ("it is not lawful").

Cite this passage

Diodorus Siculus, Bibliotheca Historica §5.48.1-5.48.5. Humanitext Reader, https://reader.humanitext.ai/en/text/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0060.tlg001.humanitext-grc5:5.48.1-5.48.5

Please note the AI-draft status of the translation and the date accessed.

Translation, notes and summary are AI-generated drafts, revised through reader feedback.