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Diodorus Siculus · Bibliotheca Historica §5.47.1-5.47.5

Origins of Samothrace and the Great Flood

Passage 369 of 406 · Greek

Summary

Diodorus discusses the origin and naming of Samothrace, introducing the history of its indigenous inhabitants and the legend of a great flood in Samothrace caused by the overflow of the Black Sea.

§5.47.1περὶ δὲ τῶν κατὰ τὴν Ἑλλάδα καὶ τὸ Αἰγαῖον πέλαγος κειμένων νῦν διέξιμεν, τὴν ἀρχὴν ἀπὸ τῆς Σαμοθρᾴκης ποιησάμενοι.
Now we shall treat of the islands lying in Greece and the Aegean Sea, making our beginning with Samothrace.
ταύτην γὰρ τὴν νῆσον ἔνιοι μέν φασι τὸ παλαιὸν Σάμον ὀνομασθῆναι, τῆς δὲ νῦν Σάμου κτισθείσης διὰ τὴν ὁμωνυμίαν ἀπὸ τῆς παρακειμένης τῇ παλαιᾷ Σάμῳ Θρᾴκης Σαμοθρᾴκην ὀνομασθῆναι.
For some say that this island was called Samos in ancient times, but when the present Samos was founded, because of the identity of name, it was called Samothrace from Thrace which lies adjacent to the ancient Samos.
§5.47.2ᾤκησαν δʼ αὐτὴν αὐτόχθονες ἄνθρωποι· διὸ καὶ περὶ τῶν πρώτων γενομένων παρʼ αὐτοῖς ἀνθρώπων καὶ ἡγεμόνων οὐδεὶς παραδέδοται λόγος.
And indigenous people inhabited it; wherefore also concerning the first men and rulers who arose among them, no account has been handed down.
ἔνιοι δέ φασι τὸ παλαιὸν Σαόννησον καλουμένην διὰ τοὺς ἀποικισθέντας ἔκ τε Σάμου καὶ Θρᾴκης Σαμοθρᾴκην ὀνομασθῆναι.
But some say that having been called Saonnesos in ancient times, it was named Samothrace because of those who migrated from both Samos and Thrace.
§5.47.3ἐσχήκασι δὲ παλαιὰν ἰδίαν διάλεκτον οἱ αὐτόχθονες, ἧς πολλὰ ἐν ταῖς θυσίαις μέχρι τοῦ νῦν τηρεῖται.
And the indigenous people had an ancient dialect of their own, of which many things are preserved in their sacrifices until now.
οἱ δὲ Σαμόθρᾳκες ἱστοροῦσι πρὸ τῶν παρὰ τοῖς ἄλλοις γενομένων κατακλυσμῶν ἕτερον ἐκεῖ μέγαν γενέσθαι, τὸ μὲν πρῶτον τοῦ περὶ τὰς Κυανέας στόματος ῥαγέντος, μετὰ δὲ ταῦτα τοῦ Ἑλλησπόντου.
And the Samothracians relate that before the floods that occurred among other peoples, another great one occurred there, first when the mouth near the Cyaneae burst open, and after these things, that of the Hellespont.
§5.47.4τὸ γὰρ ἐν τῷ Πόντῳ πέλαγος λίμνης ἔχον τάξιν μέχρι τοσούτου πεπληρῶσθαι διὰ τῶν εἰσρεόντων ποταμῶν, μέχρι ὅτου διὰ τὸ πλῆθος παρεκχυθὲν τὸ ῥεῦμα λάβρως ἐξέπεσεν εἰς τὸν Ἑλλήσποντον καὶ πολλὴν μὲν τῆς Ἀσίας τῆς παρὰ θάλατταν ἐπέκλυσεν, οὐκ ὀλίγην δὲ καὶ τῆς ἐπιπέδου γῆς ἐν τῇ Σαμοθρᾴκῃ θάλατταν ἐποίησε· καὶ διὰ τοῦτʼ ἐν τοῖς μεταγενεστέροις καιροῖς ἐνίους τῶν ἁλιέων ἀνεσπακέναι τοῖς δικτύοις λίθινα κιονόκρανα, §5.47.5ὡς καὶ πόλεων κατακεκλυσμένων.
For the sea in the Pontus, having the character of a lake, had been filled up by the rivers flowing into it to such an extent, until, because of its multitude, the stream having overflowed burst violently into the Hellespont and flooded much of the coastal land of Asia, and made no small part of the flat land in Samothrace into sea; and because of this, in later times, some of the fishermen have pulled up stone capitals with their nets, as of cities that had been flooded.
τοὺς δὲ περιληφθέντας προσαναδραμεῖν εἰς τοὺς ὑψηλοτέρους τῆς νήσου τόπους· τῆς δὲ θαλάττης ἀναβαινούσης ἀεὶ μᾶλλον, εὔξασθαι τοῖς θεοῖς τοὺς ἐγχωρίους, καὶ διασωθέντας κύκλῳ περὶ ὅλην τὴν νῆσον ὅρους θέσθαι τῆς σωτηρίας, καὶ βωμοὺς ἱδρύσασθαι, ἐφʼ ὧν μέχρι τοῦ νῦν θύειν· ὥστʼ εἶναι φανερὸν ὅτι πρὸ τοῦ κατακλυσμοῦ κατῴκουν τὴν Σαμοθρᾴκην.
And those who were left ran up to the higher places of the island; and as the sea rose more and more, the inhabitants made vows to the gods, and when they were saved, they set up boundaries of their salvation all around the whole island, and established altars, upon which they sacrifice until now; so that it is clear that they inhabited Samothrace before the flood.

Notes

  1. §5.47.1τὴν ἀρχὴν ἀπὸ τῆς Σαμοθρᾴκης ποιησάμενοι — The participle ποιησάμενοι is an agreeing participle matching the subject of the main verb διέξιμεν, expressing means or attendant circumstance. τὴν ἀρχήν functions as an adverbial accusative of manner or internal accusative ('making a beginning').
  2. §5.47.1τῆς δὲ νῦν Σάμου κτισθείσης — This is a genitive absolute construction forming a temporal clause ('when the present Samos was founded').
  3. §5.47.3τοῦ περὶ τὰς Κυανέας στόματος ῥαγέντος — A genitive absolute construction where toû ... στόματος ῥαγέντος functions as the subject and participle, describing the specific manner of the flood's occurrence within the infinitive clause ἕτερον ἐκεῖ μέγαν [κατακλυσμὸν] γενέσθαι.
  4. §5.47.4μέχρι τοσούτου... μέχρι ὅτου — A correlative construction meaning 'up to such a degree... until,' leading to a limit or result.
  5. §5.47.4ἀνεσπακέναι — This series of infinitives (including προσαναδραμεῖν, εὔξασθαι, θέσθαι, ἱδρύσασθαι, εἶναι) is due to the continuation of the indirect discourse (accusative and infinitive construction) dependent on ἱστοροῦσι in §5.47.3, with their respective subjects in the accusative.

Cite this passage

Diodorus Siculus, Bibliotheca Historica §5.47.1-5.47.5. Humanitext Reader, https://reader.humanitext.ai/en/text/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0060.tlg001.humanitext-grc5:5.47.1-5.47.5

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