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Diodorus Siculus · Bibliotheca Historica §4.78.1-4.78.5

Daedalus and His Engineering Works in Sicily

Passage 314 of 406 · Greek

Summary

The passage details the various magnificent engineering and artistic achievements of Daedalus in Sicily under King Cocalus, including a pool, the heavily fortified city of Camicus, a therapeutic steam cave, and constructions at Eryx.

§4.78.1Δαίδαλος δὲ παρά τε τῷ Κωκάλῳ καὶ τοῖς Σικανοῖς διέτριψε πλείω χρόνον, θαυμαζόμενος ἐν τῇ κατὰ τὴν τέχνην ὑπερβολῇ.
And Daedalus spent a longer time with Cocalus and the Sicani, being admired for his extraordinary skill in the craft.
κατεσκεύασε δʼ ἐν τῇ νήσῳ ταύτῃ τινὰ τῶν ἔργων ἃ μέχρι τοῦ νῦν διαμένει.
And he constructed in this island certain works which remain even to this day.
πλησίον μὲν γὰρ τῆς Μεγαρίδος φιλοτέχνως ἐποίησε τὴν ὀνομαζομένην κολυμβήθραν, ἐξ ἧς μέγας ποταμὸς εἰς τὴν πλησίον θάλατταν ἐξερεύγεται καλούμενος Ἀλαβών.
For near Megaris he fashioned in an artistic manner the pool called Kolymbethra, from which a great river called Alabon empties into the adjoining sea.
§4.78.2κατὰ δὲ τὴν νῦν Ἀκραγαντίνην ἐν τῷ Καμικῷ καλουμένῳ πόλιν ἐπὶ πέτρας οὖσαν πασῶν ὀχυρωτάτην κατεσκεύασε καὶ παντελῶς ἐκ βίας ἀνάλωτον· στενὴν γὰρ καὶ σκολιὰν τὴν ἀνάβασιν αὐτῆς φιλοτεχνήσας ἐποίησε δύνασθαι διὰ τριῶν ἢ τεττάρων ἀνθρώπων φυλάττεσθαι.
And in what is now the territory of Akragas, at the city called Camicus which is situated upon a rock, the strongest of all, he constructed a place completely impregnable by force; for by fashioning its approach narrow and winding, he made it capable of being guarded by three or four men.
διόπερ ὁ Κώκαλος ἐν ταύτῃ ποιήσας τὰ βασίλεια καὶ τὰ χρήματα κατατιθέμενος ἀνάλωτον ἔσχεν αὐτὴν διὰ τῆς ἐπινοίας τοῦ τεχνίτου.
Therefore Cocalus, having built his palace in this city and depositing his treasures there, held it impregnable through the ingenuity of the craftsman.
§4.78.3τρίτον δὲ σπήλαιον κατὰ τὴν Σελινουντίαν χώραν κατεσκεύασεν, ἐν ᾧ τὴν ἀτμίδα τοῦ κατʼ αὐτὴν πυρὸς οὕτως εὐστόχως ἐξέλαβεν ὥστε διὰ τὴν μαλακότητα τῆς θερμασίας ἐξιδροῦν λεληθότως καὶ κατὰ μικρὸν τοὺς ἐνδιατρίβοντας καὶ μετὰ τέρψεως θεραπεύειν τὰ σώματα μηδὲν παρενοχλουμένους ὑπὸ τῆς θερμότητος.
Thirdly, he constructed a cave in the territory of Selinus, in which he so successfully drew off the vapor of the fire that was in it, that because of the mildness of the heat those who stayed there perspired imperceptibly and gradually, and cured their bodies with pleasure, being in no way annoyed by the heat.
§4.78.4κατὰ δὲ τὸν Ἔρυκα πέτρας οὔσης ἀποτομάδος εἰς ὕψος ἐξαίσιον, καὶ τῆς κατὰ τὸ ἱερὸν τῆς Ἀφροδίτης στενοχωρίας ἀναγκαζούσης ἐπὶ τὸ τῆς πέτρας ἀπόκρημνον ποιήσασθαι τὴν οἰκοδομίαν, κατεσκεύασεν ἐπʼ αὐτοῦ τοῦ κρημνοῦ τοῖχον, προβιβάσας παραδόξως τὸ ὑπερκείμενον τοῦ κρημνοῦ.
And at Eryx, since the rock was steep to an extraordinary height, and the narrowness of the space around the temple of Aphrodite compelled the construction to be made upon the cliff of the rock, he constructed a wall upon the very edge of the cliff, extending in an extraordinary manner the area that lay above the precipice.
§4.78.5χρυσοῦν τε κριὸν τῇ Ἀφροδίτῃ τῇ Ἐρυκίνῃ φασὶν αὐτὸν φιλοτεχνῆσαι περιττῶς εἰργασμένον καὶ τῷ κατʼ ἀλήθειαν κριῷ ἀπαρεγχειρήτως ὡμοιωμένον.
And they say that he fashioned for Erycina Aphrodite a golden ram, crafted with exceeding skill and resembling a real ram in a way that defied imitation.
ἄλλα τε πολλά φασιν αὐτὸν φιλοτεχνῆσαι κατὰ τὴν Σικελίαν, ἃ διὰ τὸ πλῆθος τοῦ χρόνου διέφθαρται.
And they say that he fashioned many other works throughout Sicily, which have perished because of the passage of time.

Notes

  1. §4.78.2κατὰ δὲ τὴν νῦν Ἀκραγαντίνην — Ἀκραγαντίνην is a feminine accusative singular adjective, with the noun χώραν (land, territory) or γῆν omitted. It means 'in what is now the territory of Akragas'.
  2. §4.78.2στενὴν γὰρ καὶ σκολιὰν τὴν ἀνάβασιν αὐτῆς φιλοτεχνήσας ἐποίησε — The predicate adjectives στενὴν καὶ σκολιάν modify the noun τὴν ἀνάβασιν (the approach), describing the resulting state. The verb ἐποίησε takes the infinitive δύνασθαι to express the result or consequence.
  3. §4.78.3ὥστε διὰ τὴν μαλακότητα τῆς θερμασίας ἐξιδροῦν λεληθότως — The subject of the infinitives ἐξιδροῦν and θεραπεύειν, introduced by the consecutive conjunction ὥστε, is the accusative phrase τοὺς ἐνδιατρίβοντας (those who stayed there).
  4. §4.78.4πέτρας οὔσης ἀποτομάδος ... καὶ τῆς ... στενοχωρίας ἀναγκαζούσης — Two independent genitive absolute constructions connected by καί, functioning to explain the circumstances or motivation for the main verb (κατεσκεύασεν...).
  5. §4.78.4προβιβάσας παραδόξως τὸ ὑπερκείμενον τοῦ κρημνοῦ — The participle προβιβάσας (having extended, pushed forward) refers to the civil engineering work of artificially extending the narrow flat ground above the precipice by building outwards.

Cite this passage

Diodorus Siculus, Bibliotheca Historica §4.78.1-4.78.5. Humanitext Reader, https://reader.humanitext.ai/en/text/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0060.tlg001.humanitext-grc5:4.78.1-4.78.5

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