Humanitext Reader

Diodorus Siculus · Bibliotheca Historica §4.71.1-4.71.4

Asclepius's Healing, Death, and Descendants

Passage 307 of 406 · Greek

Summary

The account of how Asclepius provoked Zeus's anger by raising the dead with his exceptional medical skills, leading to a conflict among the gods involving Apollo and the Cyclopes, and the deeds of his sons during the Trojan War.

§4.71.1τούτων δʼ ἡμῖν διευκρινημένων πειρασόμεθα διελθεῖν περὶ Ἀσκληπιοῦ καὶ τῶν ἀπογόνων αὐτοῦ.
These matters having been cleared up by us, we shall endeavor to discuss Asclepius and his descendants.
μυθολογοῦσι τοίνυν Ἀσκληπιὸν Ἀπόλλωνος υἱὸν ὑπάρχειν καὶ Κορωνίδος, φύσει δὲ καὶ ἀγχινοίᾳ διενεγκόντα ζηλῶσαι τὴν ἰατρικὴν ἐπιστήμην, καὶ πολλὰ τῶν συντεινόντων πρὸς ὑγίειαν ἀνθρώπων ἐξευρεῖν.
Now they relate in myth that Asclepius was the son of Apollo and Coronis, and that, outstanding in his natural aptitude and quickness of mind, he zealously pursued the science of medicine and discovered many things that contribute to human health.
ἐπὶ τοσοῦτο δὲ προβῆναι τῇ δόξῃ ὥστε πολλοὺς τῶν ἀπεγνωσμένων ἀρρώστων παραδόξως θεραπεύειν, καὶ διὰ τοῦτο πολλοὺς δοκεῖν τῶν τετελευτηκότων ποιεῖν πάλιν ζῶντας.
And he advanced so far in reputation that he cured many hopeless patients in an unexpected manner, and for this reason he was thought to make many of the dead alive again.
§4.71.2διὸ καὶ τὸν μὲν Ἅιδην μυθολογοῦσιν ἐγκαλοῦντα τῷ Ἀσκληπιῷ κατηγορίαν αὐτοῦ ποιήσασθαι πρὸς τὸν Δία ὡς τῆς ἐπαρχίας αὐτοῦ ταπεινουμένης· ἐλάττους γὰρ ἀεὶ γίνεσθαι τοὺς τετελευτηκότας, θεραπευομένους ὑπὸ τοῦ Ἀσκληπιοῦ.
For this reason, they also relate in myth that Hades, bringing accusations against Asclepius, lodged a complaint against him with Zeus on the ground that his own domain was being diminished; for the dead, they say, were always becoming fewer because they were being cured by Asclepius.
§4.71.3καὶ τὸν μὲν Δία παροξυνθέντα κεραυνώσαντα τὸν Ἀσκληπιὸν διαφθεῖραι, τὸν δʼ Ἀπόλλωνα διὰ τὴν ἀναίρεσιν τούτου παροξυνθέντα φονεῦσαι τοὺς τὸν κεραυνὸν τῷ Διὶ κατασκευάσαντας Κύκλωπας· ἐπὶ δὲ τῇ τούτων τελευτῇ παροξυνθέντα τὸν Δία προστάξαι τῷ Ἀπόλλωνι θητεῦσαι παρʼ ἀνθρώπῳ, καὶ ταύτην τιμωρίαν λαβεῖν παρʼ αὐτοῦ τῶν ἐγκλημάτων.
And Zeus, being enraged, struck Asclepius with a thunderbolt and destroyed him, but Apollo, enraged because of his son's slaying, killed the Cyclopes who had fashioned the thunderbolt for Zeus; and Zeus, enraged at their death, ordered Apollo to serve as a laborer for a mortal, and took this punishment from him for his crimes.
§4.71.4Ἀσκληπιοῦ δέ φασι γενομένους υἱοὺς Μαχάονα καὶ Ποδαλείριον, καὶ τὴν τέχνην ἐκπονήσαντας, ἐπὶ Τροίαν συστρατεῦσαι τοῖς περὶ τὸν Ἀγαμέμνονα· κατὰ δὲ τὸν πόλεμον μεγάλας χρείας αὐτοὺς παρασχέσθαι τοῖς Ἕλλησι, θεραπεύοντας ἐμπειρότατα τοὺς τιτρωσκομένους, καὶ διὰ τὰς εὐεργεσίας ταύτας ὑπὸ τῶν Ἑλλήνων μεγάλης τυχεῖν δόξης· ἀτελεῖς δʼ αὐτοὺς ἀφεῖναι τῶν κατὰ τὰς μάχας κινδύνων καὶ τῶν ἄλλων λειτουργιῶν διὰ τὴν ὑπερβολὴν τῆς ἐν τῷ θεραπεύειν εὐχρηστίας.
And they say that Machaon and Podalirius, being sons born to Asclepius and having mastered the art of medicine, joined the expedition against Troy with Agamemnon and his followers; and during the war they rendered great services to the Greeks by treating the wounded with the greatest skill, and because of these benefactions they obtained great renown among the Greeks; and they were exempted from the dangers of battles and from other public duties because of the extraordinary usefulness of their healing.

Notes

  1. §4.71.1διενεγκόντα — The aorist active participle of διαφέρω in the accusative singular masculine, agreeing with Ἀσκληπιόν, the subject of the accusative and infinitive construction. It functions circumstantially to express cause ("because he excelled in his natural aptitude and quickness of mind").
  2. §4.71.2ὡς τῆς ἐπαρχίας αὐτοῦ ταπεινουμένης — A genitive absolute construction (τῆς ἐπαρχίας as subject, ταπεινουμένης as present passive participle) introduced by the particle ὡς, which indicates the subjective reason alleged by the accuser (Hades) ("on the ground that his domain was being diminished").
  3. §4.71.3διαφθεῖραι — The aorist active infinitive of διαφθείρω. It is part of the accusative and infinitive construction dependent on μυθολογοῦσιν (they relate in myth) from the previous section. The subsequent infinitives φονεῦσαι, προστάξαι, and λαβεῖν likewise continue this reported speech structure.
  4. §4.71.4ἀτελεῖς δʼ αὐτοὺς ἀφεῖναι — ἀφεῖναι is the aorist active infinitive of ἀφίημι (to excuse/exempt). Its implied subject is "the Greeks" (τοὺς Ἕλληνας) from the context, while the accusative αὐτούς (the sons of Asclepius) serves as the direct object.

Cite this passage

Diodorus Siculus, Bibliotheca Historica §4.71.1-4.71.4. Humanitext Reader, https://reader.humanitext.ai/en/text/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0060.tlg001.humanitext-grc5:4.71.1-4.71.4

Please note the AI-draft status of the translation and the date accessed.

Translation, notes and summary are AI-generated drafts, revised through reader feedback.