Humanitext Reader

Diodorus Siculus · Bibliotheca Historica §4.53.1-4.53.7

Succession of Acastus and Founding of the Olympic Games

Passage 289 of 406 · Greek

Summary

Jason settled affairs after the death of Pelias by handing the kingdom over to Acastus and marrying off the king's daughters to illustrious men. Afterwards, on Heracles' advice, the Argonauts swore oaths of mutual assistance, and Heracles established the Olympic Games, greatly enhancing his renown throughout Greece.

§4.53.1καθόλου δὲ πᾶσι τοῖς συγγενέσιν ἐπαγγειλάμενον ἐπιεικῶς καὶ μεγαλοψύχως προσενεχθήσεσθαι, συναγαγεῖν εἰς ἐκκλησίαν τὰ πλήθη.
(Jason), having promised that he would behave moderately and generously toward all his kinsmen in general, gathered the multitudes into an assembly.
ἀπολογησάμενον δὲ περὶ τῶν πεπραγμένων, καὶ διδάξαντα διότι τοὺς προαδικήσαντας ἠμύνατο, τιμωρίαν ἐλάττονα λαβὼν ὧν αὐτὸς πέπονθεν, Ἀκάστῳ μὲν τῷ Πελίου τὴν πατρῴαν βασιλείαν παραδοῦναι, τῶν δὲ τοῦ βασιλέως θυγατέρων ἀξιῶσαι αὐτὸν φροντίδα ποιήσασθαι.
And having defended himself concerning his actions, and having explained that he had taken vengeance on those who had first wronged him, inflicting a lesser punishment than what he himself had suffered, he handed over the ancestral kingdom to Acastus, the son of Pelias, and requested him to take care of the king's daughters.
§4.53.2καὶ πέρας συντελέσαι τὴν ὑπόσχεσιν αὐτόν φασι μετά τινα χρόνον συνοικίσαντα πάσας τοῖς ἐπιφανεστάτοις.
And they say that finally, after some time, he fulfilled his promise by marrying them all to the most illustrious men.
Ἄλκηστιν μὲν γὰρ τὴν πρεσβυτάτην ἐκδοῦναι πρὸς γάμον Ἀδμήτῳ τῷ Φέρητος Θετταλῷ, Ἀμφινόμην δὲ Ἀνδραίμονι Λεοντέως ἀδελφῷ, Εὐάδνην δὲ Κάνῃ τῷ Κεφάλου, Φωκέων τότε βασιλεύοντι.
For the eldest, Alcestis, he gave in marriage to Admetus, the Thessalian, son of Pheres; Amphinome to Andraemon, the brother of Leonteus; and Evadne to Canes, the son of Cephalus, who was then king of the Phocians.
ταῦτα μὲν αὐτὸν ὕστερον πρᾶξαι, τότε δὲ μετὰ τῶν ἀριστέων εἰς Ἰσθμὸν τὸν ἐν Πελοποννήσῳ πλεύσαντα θυσίαν ἐπιτελέσαι τῷ Ποσειδῶνι καὶ καθιερῶσαι τὴν Ἀργὼ τῷ θεῷ.
These things he did later, but at that time, having sailed with the chieftains to the Isthmus in the Peloponnese, he performed a sacrifice to Poseidon and dedicated the Argo to the god.
§4.53.3ἀποδοχῆς δὲ μεγάλης τυγχάνοντα παρὰ τῷ βασιλεῖ τῶν Κορινθίων Κρέοντι μετασχεῖν τῆς πολιτείας καὶ τὸν λοιπὸν χρόνον ἐν τῇ Κορίνθῳ κατοικῆσαι.
And obtaining a great reception from Creon, the king of the Corinthians, he shared in the citizenship and dwelt for the rest of his time in Corinth.
§4.53.4μελλόντων δὲ τῶν Ἀργοναυτῶν εἰς τὰς πατρίδας διαχωρίζεσθαι, φασὶ τὸν Ἡρακλέα συμβουλεῦσαι τοῖς ἀριστεῦσι πρὸς τὰ παράδοξα τῆς τύχης ἀλλήλοις ὅρκους δοῦναι συμμαχήσειν, ἐάν τις βοηθείας προσδεηθῇ· ἐκλέξασθαι δὲ καὶ τῆς Ἑλλάδος τὸν ἐπιφανέστατον τόπον εἰς ἀγώνων θέσιν καὶ πανήγυριν κοινήν, καὶ καθιερῶσαι τὸν ἀγῶνα τῷ μεγίστῳ τῶν θεῶν Διὶ Ὀλυμπίῳ.
And when the Argonauts were about to disperse to their respective homelands, they say that Heracles advised the chieftains to give oaths to one another to fight as allies in the face of the unexpected strokes of fortune, should anyone stand in need of assistance; and (they say that he) chose the most illustrious place in Greece for the establishment of games and a common festival, and dedicated the contest to the greatest of the gods, Olympian Zeus.
§4.53.5συνομοσάντων δὲ τῶν ἀριστέων περὶ τῆς συμμαχίας, καὶ τὴν διάταξιν τῶν ἀγώνων ἐπιτρεψάντων Ἡρακλεῖ, φασὶ τοῦτον τόπον προκρῖναι πρὸς τὴν πανήγυριν τῆς τῶν Ἠλείων χώρας τὸν παρὰ τὸν Ἀλφειόν.
When the chieftains had sworn together concerning the alliance and entrusted the arrangement of the games to Heracles, they say that he selected for the festival the place beside the Alpheus in the land of the Eleans.
διὸ καὶ τὴν παραποταμίαν καθιερώσαντα τῷ μεγίστῳ τῶν θεῶν, Ὀλυμπίαν ἀπʼ ἐκείνου προσαγορεῦσαι.
For this reason, having dedicated the riverbank to the greatest of the gods, he named it Olympia after him.
ὑποστησάμενον δʼ ἱππικὸν ἀγῶνα καὶ γυμνικόν, τά τε περὶ τῶν ἄθλων διατάξαι καὶ θεωροὺς ἀποστεῖλαι τοὺς ταῖς πόλεσι προεροῦντας τὴν θέαν τῶν ἀγώνων.
And having established an equestrian and a gymnastic contest, he regulated the matters concerning the prizes, and sent messengers to announce beforehand to the cities the spectacle of the games.
§4.53.6διὰ δὲ τὴν παρὰ τοῖς Ἀργοναύταις γενομένην ἀποδοχὴν αὐτοῦ κατὰ τὴν στρατείαν οὐ μετρίως δοξασθέντος, προσγενέσθαι τὴν ἐκ τῆς Ὀλυμπικῆς πανηγύρεως δόξαν, ὥστε πάντων τῶν Ἑλλήνων ἐπιφανέστατον ὑπάρχειν καὶ παρὰ ταῖς πλείσταις πόλεσι γνωσθέντα πολλοὺς ἔχειν ἐπιθυμητὰς τῆς φιλίας, οὓς προθύμους εἶναι μετασχεῖν παντὸς κινδύνου.
And because he had already won no ordinary glory during the expedition on account of the reception he found among the Argonauts, the renown from the Olympic festival was added to it, so that he became the most illustrious of all the Greeks, and being known in most cities, he had many who desired his friendship, who were eager to share in every danger.
§4.53.7ταχὺ δʼ ἐπʼ ἀνδρείᾳ καὶ στρατηγίᾳ θαυμασθέντα στρατόπεδόν τε κράτιστον συστήσασθαι καὶ πᾶσαν ἐπελθεῖν τὴν οἰκουμένην εὐεργετοῦντα τὸ γένος τῶν ἀνθρώπων· ἀνθʼ ὧν τυχεῖν αὐτὸν συμφωνουμένης ἀθανασίας.
And soon, admired for his courage and generalship, he organized a most powerful army and traversed the whole inhabited world, conferring benefits upon the race of men; in return for which he obtained a universally agreed immortality.
τοὺς δὲ ποιητὰς διὰ τὴν συνήθη τερατολογίαν μυθολογῆσαι μόνον τὸν Ἡρακλέα καὶ γυμνὸν ὅπλων τελέσαι τοὺς τεθρυλημένους ἄθλους.
But the poets, because of their usual practice of telling marvelous tales, fabulously relate that Heracles, alone and destitute of arms, accomplished his celebrated labors.

Notes

  1. 4.53.1ὧν αὐτὸς πέπονθεν — Attraction of the relative pronoun. The relative pronoun, which would logically be the accusative plural object ἅ of the verb πέπονθεν, has been attracted into the genitive case ὧν by its omitted antecedent ἐκείνων, which is governed by the comparative adjective ἐλάττονα. Thus, it is equivalent to ἐλάττονα ἐκείνων ἃ αὐτὸς πέπονθεν ("lesser than those things which he himself had suffered").
  2. 4.53.4ἐκλέξασθαι — Structure and subject of the infinitive. This infinitive, along with the subsequent καθιερῶσαι, depends directly on the main verb φασί as an accusative-with-infinitive construction with τὸν Ἡρακλέα as its subject, in parallel with συμβουλεῦσαι. Therefore, it expresses Heracles' own actions ("they say that Heracles advised... and that he chose... and dedicated...").
  3. 4.53.6αὐτοῦ ... δοξασθέντος — Genitive absolute construction. This phrase functions as a genitive absolute expressing cause or background ("since he had won no ordinary glory"), introducing Heracles (αὐτοῦ) as a subject distinct from the grammatical subject of the main clause (the renown from the Olympic festival).

Cite this passage

Diodorus Siculus, Bibliotheca Historica §4.53.1-4.53.7. Humanitext Reader, https://reader.humanitext.ai/en/text/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0060.tlg001.humanitext-grc5:4.53.1-4.53.7

Please note the AI-draft status of the translation and the date accessed.

Translation, notes and summary are AI-generated drafts, revised through reader feedback.