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Diodorus Siculus · Bibliotheca Historica §4.42.1-4.42.7

Heracles Slaying the Sea Monster and Rescuing Hesione

Passage 278 of 406 · Greek

Summary

The Argonauts land at Sigeum after a storm and find Princess Hesione bound as a sacrifice for a sea monster. Heracles slays the monster after promising King Laomedon in exchange for his invincible horses, and rescues her.

§4.42.1προκρίναντας κατʼ ἀνδρείαν.
preferring him because of his courage.
ἔπειτʼ ἐκ τῆς Ἰωλκοῦ τὸν ἔκπλουν ποιησαμένους, καὶ παραλλάξαντας τόν τε Ἄθω καὶ Σαμοθρᾴκην, χειμῶνι περιπεσεῖν, καὶ προσενεχθῆναι τῆς Τρῳάδος πρὸς Σίγειον.
Then, having made their departure from Iolcus, and having passed both Athos and Samothrace, they fell into a storm and were carried to Sigeum in the Troad.
ἐνταῦθα δʼ αὐτῶν τὴν ἀπόβασιν ποιησαμένων, εὑρεθῆναί φασι παρθένον δεδεμένην παρὰ τὸν αἰγιαλὸν διὰ τοιαύτας αἰτίας.
There, when they had made their landing, they say that a maiden was found bound fast along the shore for the following reasons.
§4.42.2λέγεται τὸν Ποσειδῶνα διὰ τὴν μυθολογουμένην τῶν Τρωικῶν τειχῶν κατασκευὴν μηνίσαντα Λαομέδοντι τῷ βασιλεῖ κῆτος ἀνεῖναι ἐκ τοῦ πελάγους πρὸς τὴν χώραν· ὑπὸ δὲ τούτου τούς τε παρὰ τὸν αἰγιαλὸν διατρίβοντας καὶ τοὺς γεωργοῦντας τὴν παραθαλάττιον παραδόξως συναρπάζεσθαι· πρὸς δὲ τούτοις λοιμὸν ἐμπεσεῖν εἰς τὰ πλήθη καὶ καρπῶν παντελῆ φθοράν, ὥστε πάντας ἐκπλήττεσθαι τὸ μέγεθος τῆς περιστάσεως.
It is said that Poseidon, having become angry with King Laomedon because of the mythologized construction of the walls of Troy, sent forth a monster from the deep against the country; and by this monster those who spent time along the shore and those who farmed the coastal land were unexpectedly snatched away; and in addition to these things, a plague fell upon the multitudes and a complete destruction of the crops, so that all were astonished at the magnitude of the calamity.
§4.42.3διὸ καὶ συντρεχόντων τῶν ὄχλων εἰς ἐκκλησίαν καὶ ζητούντων ἀπαλλαγὴν τῶν ἀτυχημάτων, λέγεται τὸν βασιλέα πέμψαι πρὸς τὸν Ἀπόλλω τοὺς ἐπερωτήσοντας περὶ τῶν συμβεβηκότων.
Therefore, when the crowds ran together to an assembly and sought deliverance from their misfortunes, it is said that the king sent messengers to Apollo to inquire about what had happened.
ἐκπεσόντος οὖν χρησμοῦ μῆνιν ὑπάρχειν Ποσειδῶνος, καὶ τότε ταύτην λήξειν ὅταν οἱ Τρῶες τὸ λαχὸν τῶν τέκνων ἑκουσίως παραδῶσι βορὰν τῷ κήτει, φασὶν ἁπάντων εἰς τὸν κλῆρον ἐμβαινόντων ἐπανελθεῖν εἰς Ἡσιόνην τὴν τοῦ βασιλέως θυγατέρα·
An oracle having been given, that there was an anger of Poseidon, and that it would then cease when the Trojans voluntarily gave up the child upon whom the lot fell as food for the monster, they say that when everyone entered into the drawing of lots, the lot fell upon Hesione, the daughter of the king.
§4.42.4διόπερ τὸν Λαομέδοντα συναναγκασθέντα παραδοῦναι τὴν παρθένον καὶ δεσμοῖς καταλαβόμενον ἀπολιπεῖν παρὰ τὸν αἰγιαλόν.
Wherefore Laomedon, being compelled to hand over the maiden, bound her fast with chains and left her along the shore.
§4.42.5ἐνταῦθα δὲ τὸν μὲν Ἡρακλέα μετὰ τῶν Ἀργοναυτῶν τὴν ἀπόβασιν ποιησάμενον, καὶ μαθόντα παρὰ τῆς κόρης τὴν περιπέτειαν, ἀναρρῆξαι μὲν τοὺς περὶ τὸ σῶμα δεσμούς, ἀναβάντα δʼ εἰς τὴν πόλιν ἐπαγγείλασθαι τῷ βασιλεῖ διαφθερεῖν τὸ κῆτος.
And there Heracles, having made his landing with the Argonauts and having learned of her misfortune from the girl, broke the chains around her body, and going up to the city, promised the king that he would destroy the monster.
§4.42.6τοῦ δὲ Λαομέδοντος ἀποδεξαμένου τὸν λόγον καὶ δωρεὰν δώσειν ἐπαγγειλαμένου τὰς ἀνικήτους ἵππους, φασὶ τὸ μὲν κῆτος ὑφʼ Ἡρακλέους ἀναιρεθῆναι, τῇ δʼ Ἡσιόνῃ δοθῆναι τὴν ἐξουσίαν εἴτε βούλοιτο μετὰ τοῦ σώσαντος ἀπελθεῖν εἴτε μετὰ τῶν γονέων καταμένειν ἐν τῇ πατρίδι.
And when Laomedon accepted the proposal and promised to give his invincible horses as a gift, they say that the monster was slain by Heracles, and Hesione was given the power to choose whether she wished to depart with her savior or to remain in her fatherland with her parents.
τὴν μὲν οὖν κόρην ἑλέσθαι τὸν μετὰ τοῦ ξένου βίον, οὐ μόνον τὴν εὐεργεσίαν τῆς συγγενείας προκρίνασαν, ἀλλὰ καὶ φοβουμένην μὴ πάλιν φανέντος κήτους πρὸς τὴν ὁμοίαν ὑπὸ τῶν πολιτῶν ἐκτεθῇ τιμωρίαν.
The girl, then, chose the life with the stranger, not only preferring the benefit received to her family ties, but also fearing lest, if the monster should appear again, she should be exposed to the same punishment by the citizens.
§4.42.7τὸν δʼ Ἡρακλέα δώροις καὶ τοῖς προσήκουσι ξενίοις λαμπρῶς τιμηθέντα τὴν Ἡσιόνην καὶ τὰς ἵππους παραθέσθαι τῷ Λαομέδοντι, συνταξάμενον μετὰ τὴν ἐκ Κόλχων ἐπάνοδον ἀπολήψεσθαι, αὐτὸν δʼ ἀναχθῆναι μετὰ τῶν Ἀργοναυτῶν κατὰ σπουδὴν ἐπὶ τὸν προκείμενον ἆθλον.
And Heracles, having been splendidly honored with gifts and fitting hospitality, deposited Hesione and the horses with Laomedon, agreeing that he would receive them back after his return from Colchis, and he himself set sail with the Argonauts in haste toward the task lying before them.

Notes

  1. 4.42.1προκρίναντας — Accusative plural aorist participle, agreeing with the implied subject of the infinitive ἑλέσθαι in the preceding sentence (the chieftains of the Argonauts).
  2. 4.42.3τὸ λαχὸν τῶν τέκνων — λαχόν is the neuter singular aorist active participle of λαγχάνω (to obtain by lot), functioning substantively with the article τό ('the one upon whom the lot fell'). τῶν τέκνων is a partitive genitive.
  3. 4.42.3ἐπανελθεῖν — An infinitive meaning 'to return,' but used here in the sense of the lot (κλῆρος) 'falling upon' or 'turning out to' a specific person (Hesione).
  4. 4.42.6τὰς ἀνικήτους ἵππους — The noun ἵππος (horse) is normally masculine, but here it is treated as feminine plural (with the feminine accusative article τὰς and adjective ἀνικήτους). In Greek, the feminine is often used to refer to choice horses or mares.

Cite this passage

Diodorus Siculus, Bibliotheca Historica §4.42.1-4.42.7. Humanitext Reader, https://reader.humanitext.ai/en/text/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0060.tlg001.humanitext-grc5:4.42.1-4.42.7

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