§4.4.1μυθολογοῦσι δέ τινες καὶ ἕτερον Διόνυσον γεγονέναι πολὺ τοῖς χρόνοις προτεροῦντα τούτου.
Some mythologize that there was also another Dionysus, who was much earlier in time than this one.
φασὶ γὰρ ἐκ Διὸς καὶ Φερσεφόνης Διόνυσον γενέσθαι τὸν ὑπό τινων Σαβάζιον ὀνομαζόμενον, οὗ τήν τε γένεσιν καὶ τὰς θυσίας καὶ τιμὰς νυκτερινὰς καὶ κρυφίους παρεισάγουσι διὰ τὴν αἰσχύνην τὴν ἐκ τῆς συνουσίας ἐπακολουθοῦσαν.
For they say that from Zeus and Persephone was born Dionysus, who is called by some Sabazius, whose birth and sacrifices and honors, which are nocturnal and secret, they introduce because of the shame that follows from their intercourse.
§4.4.2λέγουσι δʼ αὐτὸν ἀγχινοίᾳ διενεγκεῖν, καὶ πρῶτον ἐπιχειρῆσαι βοῦς ζευγνύειν καὶ διὰ τούτων τὸν σπόρον τῶν καρπῶν ἐπιτελεῖν· ἀφʼ οὗ δὴ καὶ κερατίαν αὐτὸν παρεισάγουσι.
And they say that he excelled in sagacity, and was the first to attempt to yoke oxen and by means of them to complete the sowing of crops; for which very reason they also introduce him as having horns.
καὶ τὸν μὲν ἐκ Σεμέλης γενόμενον ἐν τοῖς νεωτέροις χρόνοις φασὶ τῷ σώματι γενέσθαι τρυφερὸν καὶ παντελῶς ἁπαλόν, εὐπρεπείᾳ δὲ πολὺ τῶν ἄλλων διενεγκεῖν καὶ πρὸς τὰς ἀφροδισιακὰς ἡδονὰς εὐκατάφορον γεγονέναι, κατὰ δὲ τὰς στρατείας γυναικῶν πλῆθος περιάγεσθαι καθωπλισμένων λόγχαις τεθυρσωμέναις.
But they say that the one born of Semele in later times was delicate in body and completely soft, excelled far beyond others in beauty, and was easily inclined toward the pleasures of love, but on his expeditions he led about a multitude of women armed with thyrsus-topped lances.
§4.4.3φασὶ δὲ καὶ τὰς Μούσας αὐτῷ συναποδημεῖν, παρθένους οὔσας καὶ πεπαιδευμένας διαφερόντως· ταύτας δὲ διά τε τῆς μελῳδίας καὶ τῶν ὀρχήσεων, ἔτι δὲ τῶν ἄλλων τῶν ἐν παιδείᾳ καλῶν ψυχαγωγεῖν τὸν θεόν.
And they say that the Muses also traveled with him, being virgins and exceptionally educated; and these delighted the god by means of their melody and dances, and also other beautiful things in education.
φασὶ δὲ καὶ παιδαγωγὸν καὶ τροφέα συνέπεσθαι κατὰ τὰς στρατείας αὐτῷ Σειληνόν, εἰσηγητὴν καὶ διδάσκαλον γινόμενον τῶν καλλίστων ἐπιτηδευμάτων, καὶ μεγάλα συμβάλλεσθαι τῷ Διονύσῳ πρὸς ἀρετήν τε καὶ δόξαν.
And they say that Silenus also accompanied him on his expeditions as a tutor and foster-father, becoming an introducer and teacher of the finest practices, and contributing greatly to Dionysus' virtue and fame.
§4.4.4καὶ κατὰ μὲν τὰς ἐν τοῖς πολέμοις μάχας ὅπλοις αὐτὸν πολεμικοῖς κεκοσμῆσθαι καὶ δοραῖς παρδάλεων, κατὰ δὲ τὰς ἐν εἰρήνῃ πανηγύρεις καὶ ἑορτὰς ἐσθῆσιν ἀνθειναῖς καὶ κατὰ τὴν μαλακότητα τρυφεραῖς χρῆσθαι.
And in battles during wars he was adorned with warlike weapons and the skins of panthers, but during public assemblies and festivals in peace he used flowered garments that were delicate in their softness.
πρὸς δὲ τὰς ἐκ τοῦ πλεονάζοντος οἴνου κεφαλαλγίας τοῖς πίνουσι γινομένας διαδεδέσθαι λέγουσιν αὐτὸν μίτρᾳ τὴν κεφαλήν, ἀφʼ ἧς αἰτίας καὶ μιτρηφόρον ὀναμάζεσθαι· ἀπὸ δὲ ταύτης τῆς μίτρας ὕστερον παρὰ τοῖς βασιλεῦσι καταδειχθῆναι τὸ διάδημά φασι.
And they say that against the headaches occurring to drinkers from excess wine, he bound his head with a band, for which reason he was also named "band-wearer"; and they say that from this band the diadem was later established among kings.
§4.4.5διμήτορα δʼ αὐτὸν προσαγορευθῆναι λέγουσι διὰ τὸ πατρὸς μὲν ἑνὸς ὑπάρξαι τοὺς δύο Διονύσους, μητέρων δὲ δυοῖν.
And they say that he was called "of two mothers" because the two Dionysi had one father, but two mothers.
κεκληρονομηκέναι δὲ τὸν νεώτερον καὶ τὰς τοῦ προγενεστέρου πράξεις· διόπερ τοὺς μεταγενεστέρους ἀνθρώπους, ἀγνοοῦντας μὲν τἀληθές, πλανηθέντας δὲ διὰ τὴν ὁμωνυμίαν, ἕνα γεγονέναι νομίσαι Διόνυσον.
And the younger inherited also the deeds of the elder; wherefore later generations of men, being ignorant of the truth and deceived by the homonymy, thought that there had been only one Dionysus.
§4.4.6τὸν δὲ νάρθηκα προσάπτουσιν αὐτῷ διά τινας τοιαύτας αἰτίας.
And they attach the giant fennel to him for some such reasons.
κατὰ τὴν ἐξ ἀρχῆς εὕρεσιν τοῦ οἴνου μήπω τῆς τοῦ ὕδατος κράσεως εὑρημένης ἄκρατον πίνειν τὸν οἶνον· κατὰ δὲ τὰς τῶν φίλων συναναστροφὰς καὶ εὐωχίας τοὺς συνεορτάζοντας δαψιλῆ τὸν ἄκρατον ἐμφορησαμένους μανιώδεις γίνεσθαι, καὶ ταῖς βακτηρίαις ξυλίναις χρωμένους ταύταις ἀλλήλους τύπτειν.
At the initial discovery of wine, when the mixing with water was not yet discovered, they drank unmixed wine; and in the gatherings and banquets of friends, those celebrating together, having filled themselves abundantly with unmixed wine, became mad, and using wooden staffs, they beat one another with them.
§4.4.7διὸ καὶ τινῶν μὲν τραυματιζομένων, τινῶν δὲ καὶ τελευτώντων ἐκ τῶν καιρίων τραυμάτων, προσκόψαντα τὸν Διόνυσον ταῖς τοιαύταις περιστάσεσι τὸ μὲν ἀποστῆσαι τοῦ πίνειν δαψιλῆ τὸν ἄκρατον ἀποδοκιμάσαι διὰ τὴν ἡδονὴν τοῦ ποτοῦ, καταδεῖξαι δὲ νάρθηξι χρῆσθαι καὶ μὴ ξυλίναις βακτηρίαις.
Wherefore, since some were being wounded and others even died from mortal wounds, Dionysus, being displeased with such occurrences, rejected stopping them from drinking unmixed wine abundantly because of the pleasure of the drink, but established that they should use giant fennel and not wooden staffs.