§3.38.1καὶ Τρωγλοδυτικὴν καὶ τὴν ταύταις συνάπτουσαν μέχρι τῆς διὰ καῦμα ἀοικήτου, πρὸς δὲ ταύταις περὶ τῆς παραλίας τῆς παρὰ τὴν Ἐρυθρὰν θάλατταν καὶ τὸ Ἀτλαντικὸν πέλαγος τὸ πρὸς μεσημβρίαν κεκλιμένον, περὶ τοῦ καταλελειμμένου μέρους, λέγω δὲ τοῦ Ἀραβίου κόλπου, ποιησόμεθα τὴν ἀναγραφήν, τὰ μὲν ἐκ τῶν ἐν Ἀλεξανδρείᾳ βασιλικῶν ὑπομνημάτων ἐξειληφότες, τὰ δὲ παρὰ τῶν αὐτοπτῶν πεπυσμένοι.
And as for Troglodytica and the region adjacent to it as far as the uninhabitable land due to the heat, and in addition to these, concerning the coast along the Erythraean Sea and the Atlantic Sea which inclines toward the south, namely concerning the remaining part, I mean the Arabian Gulf, we shall make our record, having extracted some things from the royal archives in Alexandria, and having learned other things from eyewitnesses.
§3.38.2τοῦτο γὰρ τὸ μέρος τῆς οἰκουμένης καὶ τὸ περὶ τὰς Βρεττανικὰς νήσους καὶ τὴν ἄρκτον ἥκιστα πέπτωκεν ὑπὸ τὴν κοινὴν ἀνθρώπων ἐπίγνωσιν.
For this part of the inhabited world, as well as that around the British Isles and the north, has least fallen under the common knowledge of men.
ἀλλὰ περὶ μὲν τῶν πρὸς ἄρκτον κεκλιμένων μερῶν τῆς οἰκουμένης τῶν συναπτόντων τῇ διὰ ψῦχος ἀοικήτῳ διέξιμεν, ὅταν τὰς Γαΐου Καίσαρος πράξεις ἀναγράφωμεν· §3.38.3οὗτος γὰρ τὴν Ῥωμαίων ἡγεμονίαν εἰς ἐκεῖνα τὰ μέρη πορρωτάτω προβιβάσας πάντα τὸν πρότερον ἀγνοούμενον τόπον ἐποίησε πεσεῖν εἰς σύνταξιν ἱστορίας·
But concerning the parts of the inhabited world inclining toward the north, which border on the uninhabitable region due to the cold, we shall treat in detail when we write of the deeds of Gaius Caesar; for he, having advanced the Roman dominion farthest into those parts, caused all the territory previously unknown to fall into the compilation of history.
§3.38.4ὁ δὲ προσαγορευόμενος Ἀράβιος κόλπος ἀνεστόμωται μὲν εἰς τὸν κατὰ μεσημβρίαν κείμενον ὠκεανόν, τῷ μήκει δʼ ἐπὶ πολλοὺς πάνυ παρήκων σταδίους τὸν μυχὸν ἔχει περιοριζόμενον ταῖς ἐσχατιαῖς τῆς Ἀραβίας καὶ Τρωγλοδυτικῆς.
The so-called Arabian Gulf opens into the ocean lying toward the south, and extending in length for very many stades, it has its innermost recess bounded by the extremities of Arabia and Troglodytica.
εὖρος δὲ κατὰ μὲν τὸ στόμα καὶ τὸν μυχὸν ὑπάρχει περὶ ἑκκαίδεκα σταδίους, ἀπὸ δὲ Πανόρμου λιμένος πρὸς τὴν ἀντιπέρας ἤπειρον μακρᾶς νεὼς διωγμὸν ἡμερήσιον.
Its width at the mouth and at the innermost recess is about sixteen stades, and from the harbor of Panormus to the opposite mainland is a day's sail for a long ship.
τὸ δὲ μέγιστόν ἐστι διάστημα κατὰ τὸ Τύρκαιον ὄρος καὶ Μακαρίαν νῆσον πελαγίαν, ὡς ἂν τῶν ἠπείρων οὐχ ὁρωμένων ἀπʼ ἀλλήλων.
Its greatest distance is near Mount Tyrkaion and the island of Macaria in the open sea, so that the mainlands are not visible from one another.
§3.38.5ἀπὸ δὲ τούτου τὸ πλάτος ἀεὶ μᾶλλον συγκλείεται καὶ τὴν συναγωγὴν ἔχει μέχρι τοῦ στόματος.
From this point the width is narrowed more and more, and has its reduction as far as the mouth.
ὁ δὲ παράπλους αὐτοῦ κατὰ πολλοὺς τόπους ἔχει νήσους μακράς, στενοὺς μὲν διαδρόμους ἐχούσας, ῥοῦν δὲ πολὺν καὶ σφοδρόν.
And its coastal voyage has in many places long islands which have narrow passages, but a strong and violent current.
ἡ μὲν οὖν κεφαλαιώδης τοῦ κόλπου τούτου θέσις ὑπάρχει τοιαύτη.
Such, then, is the general layout of this gulf.
§3.38.6ἡμεῖς δʼ ἀπὸ τῶν ἐσχάτων τοῦ μυχοῦ τόπων ἀρξάμενοι τὸν ἐφʼ ἑκάτερα τὰ μέρη παράπλουν τῶν ἠπείρων καὶ τὰς ἀξιολογωτάτας κατʼ αὐτὰς ἰδιότητας διέξιμεν· πρῶτον δὲ ληψόμεθα τὸ δεξιὸν μέρος, οὗ τὴν παραλίαν τῶν Τρωγλοδυτῶν ἔθνη νέμεται μέχρι τῆς ἐρήμου.
We, starting from the outermost parts of the innermost recess, shall detail the coastal voyage of the mainlands on both sides and the most remarkable features along them; and first we shall take the right side, where the tribes of the Troglodytes inhabit the coast as far as the desert.