§1.92.1τοῦ δὲ μέλλοντος θάπτεσθαι σώματος οἱ συγγενεῖς προλέγουσι τὴν ἡμέραν τῆς ταφῆς τοῖς τε δικασταῖς καὶ τοῖς συγγενέσιν, ἔτι δὲ φίλοις τοῦ τετελευτηκότος, καὶ διαβεβαιοῦνται ὅτι διαβαίνειν μέλλει τὴν λίμνην, λέγοντες τοὔνομα τοῦ μετηλλαχότος.
Regarding the body which is about to be buried, the relatives announce the day of the burial beforehand to the judges, the relatives, and also the friends of the deceased, and they declare that he is about to cross the lake, speaking the name of the departed.
§1.92.2ἔπειτα παραγενομένων δικαστῶν δυσὶ πλειόνων τῶν τετταράκοντα, καὶ καθισάντων ἐπί τινος ἡμικυκλίου κατεσκευασμένου πέραν τῆς λίμνης, ἡ μὲν βᾶρις καθέλκεται, κατεσκευασμένη πρότερον ὑπὸ τῶν ταύτην ἐχόντων τὴν ἐπιμέλειαν, ἐφέστηκε δὲ ταύτῃ ὁ πορθμεύς, ὃν Αἰγύπτιοι κατὰ τὴν ἰδίαν διάλεκτον ὀνομάζουσι χάρωνα.
Then, when judges to the number of more than forty by two have assembled and have taken their seats on a certain semicircle constructed on the other side of the lake, the baris-boat is launched, having been prepared beforehand by those who have this charge, and upon it stands the ferryman, whom the Egyptians in their own language call Charon.
§1.92.3διὸ καί φασιν Ὀρφέα τὸ παλαιὸν εἰς Αἴγυπτον παραβαλόντα καὶ θεασάμενον τοῦτο τὸ νόμιμον, μυθοποιῆσαι τὰ καθʼ ᾅδου, τὰ μὲν μιμησάμενον, τὰ δʼ αὐτὸν ἰδίᾳ πλασάμενον· ὑπὲρ οὗ τὰ κατὰ μέρος μικρὸν ὕστερον ἀναγράψομεν.
For this reason they say that Orpheus in ancient times, having visited Egypt and having witnessed this custom, fashioned his myths about Hades, partly by imitating them and partly by inventing them himself; concerning which we shall write in detail a little later.
§1.92.4οὐ μὴν ἀλλὰ τῆς βάρεως εἰς τὴν λίμνην καθελκυσθείσης, πρὶν ἢ τὴν λάρνακα τὴν τὸν νεκρὸν ἔχουσαν εἰς αὐτὴν τίθεσθαι, τῷ βουλομένῳ κατηγορεῖν ὁ νόμος ἐξουσίαν δίδωσιν.
Nevertheless, when the baris-boat has been launched into the lake, before the coffin containing the dead body is placed in it, the law gives the power to anyone who wishes to accuse.
ἐὰν μὲν οὖν τις παρελθὼν ἐγκαλέσῃ καὶ δείξῃ βεβιωκότα κακῶς, οἱ μὲν κριταὶ τὰς γνώμας πᾶσιν ἀποφαίνονται, τὸ δὲ σῶμα εἴργεται τῆς εἰθισμένης ταφῆς· ἐὰν δʼ ὁ ἐγκαλέσας δόξῃ μὴ δικαίως κατηγορεῖν, μεγάλοις περιπίπτει προστίμοις.
Therefore, if someone comes forward and accuses and shows that the deceased lived an evil life, the judges declare their opinions to all, and the body is excluded from the customary burial; but if the accuser is deemed to accuse unjustly, he is subject to heavy penalties.
§1.92.5ὅταν δὲ μηδεὶς ὑπακούσῃ κατήγορος ἢ παρελθὼν γνωσθῇ συκοφάντης ὑπάρχειν, οἱ μὲν συγγενεῖς ἀποθέμενοι τὸ πένθος ἐγκωμιάζουσι τὸν τετελευτηκότα, καὶ περὶ μὲν τοῦ γένους οὐδὲν λέγουσιν, ὥσπερ παρὰ τοῖς Ἕλλησιν, ὑπολαμβάνοντες ἅπαντας ὁμοίως εὐγενεῖς εἶναι τοὺς κατʼ Αἴγυπτον, τὴν δʼ ἐκ παιδὸς ἀγωγὴν καὶ παιδείαν διελθόντες, πάλιν ἀνδρὸς γεγονότος τὴν εὐσέβειαν καὶ δικαιοσύνην, ἔτι δὲ τὴν ἐγκράτειαν καὶ τὰς ἄλλας ἀρετὰς αὐτοῦ διεξέρχονται, καὶ παρακαλοῦσι τοὺς κάτω θεοὺς δέξασθαι σύνοικον τοῖς εὐσεβέσι· τὸ δὲ πλῆθος ἐπευφημεῖ καὶ ἀποσεμνύνει τὴν δόξαν τοῦ τετελευτηκότος, ὡς τὸν αἰῶνα διατρίβειν μέλλοντος καθʼ ᾅδου μετὰ τῶν εὐσεβῶν.
And when no accuser appears, or when the one who came forward is found to be a slanderer, the relatives, putting away their mourning, praise the deceased, and concerning his lineage they say nothing, as is done among the Greeks, since they believe that all the people in Egypt are equally well-born; but having gone through his upbringing and education from childhood, and again, after he became a man, his piety and justice, and further his self-control and his other virtues, they recount them, and they call upon the gods below to receive him as a dweller together with the pious; and the multitude joins in praise and exalts the glory of the deceased, as one who is about to spend eternity in Hades with the pious.
§1.92.6τὸ δὲ σῶμα τιθέασιν οἱ μὲν ἰδίους ἔχοντες τάφους ἐν ταῖς ἀποδεδειγμέναις θήκαις, οἷς δʼ οὐχ ὑπάρχουσι τάφων κτήσεις, καινὸν οἴκημα ποιοῦσι κατὰ τὴν ἰδίαν οἰκίαν, καὶ πρὸς τὸν ἀσφαλέστατον τῶν τοίχων ὀρθὴν ἱστᾶσι τὴν λάρνακα.
As for the body, those who have private tombs place it in the designated chambers; but those who do not possess tombs make a special room in their own house and set the coffin upright against the strongest of the walls.
καὶ τοὺς κωλυομένους δὲ διὰ τὰς κατηγορίας ἢ πρὸς δάνειον ὑποθήκας θάπτεσθαι τιθέασι κατὰ τὴν ἰδίαν οἰκίαν· οὓς ὕστερον ἐνίοτε παίδων παῖδες εὐπορήσαντες καὶ τῶν τε συμβολαίων καὶ τῶν ἐγκλημάτων ἀπολύσαντες μεγαλοπρεποῦς ταφῆς ἀξιοῦσι.
Even those who are prevented from being buried because of accusations or pledges for loans are placed in their own houses; whom later, sometimes, their descendants, becoming wealthy and freeing them from both contracts and charges, deem worthy of a magnificent burial.