§1.86.1πάντα δὲ θαυμάσια καὶ μείζω πίστεως ἐπιτελοῦντες οἱ κατʼ Αἴγυπτον εἰς τὰ τιμώμενα ζῷα πολλὴν ἀπορίαν παρέχονται τοῖς τὰς αἰτίας τούτων ζητοῦσιν.
And since the inhabitants of Egypt perform all these practices concerning the honored animals, which are wondrous and beyond belief, they present a great difficulty to those who seek the causes of these things.
§1.86.2οἱ μὲν οὖν ἱερεῖς αὐτῶν ἀπόρρητόν τι δόγμα περὶ τούτων ἔχουσιν, ὃ προειρήκαμεν ἐν τοῖς θεολογουμένοις ὑπʼ αὐτῶν, οἱ δὲ πολλοὶ τῶν Αἰγυπτίων τρεῖς αἰτίας ταύτας ἀποδιδόασιν, ὧν τὴν μὲν πρώτην μυθώδη παντελῶς καὶ τῆς ἀρχαϊκῆς ἁπλότητος οἰκείαν.
Now, their priests indeed hold a secret doctrine concerning these matters, which we have already mentioned in our account of their theology, but the majority of the Egyptians offer these three reasons, of which they say the first is entirely mythical and suited to archaic simplicity.
§1.86.3φασὶ γὰρ τοὺς ἐξ ἀρχῆς γενομένους θεούς, ὀλίγους ὄντας καὶ κατισχυομένους ὑπὸ τοῦ πλήθους καὶ τῆς ἀνομίας τῶν γηγενῶν ἀνθρώπων, ὁμοιωθῆναί τισι ζῴοις, καὶ διὰ τοῦ τοιούτου τρόπου διαφυγεῖν τὴν ὠμότητα καὶ βίαν αὐτῶν· ὕστερον δὲ τῶν κατὰ τὸν κόσμον πάντων κρατήσαντας, καὶ τοῖς αἰτίοις τῆς ἐξ ἀρχῆς σωτηρίας χάριν ἀποδιδόντας, ἀφιερῶσαι τὰς φύσεις αὐτῶν οἷς ἀφωμοιώθησαν, καὶ καταδεῖξαι τοῖς ἀνθρώποις τὸ τρέφειν μὲν ζῶντα πολυτελῶς, θάπτειν δὲ τελευτήσαντα.
For they say that the gods who existed in the beginning, being few and overpowered by the multitude and the lawlessness of the earth-born humans, likened themselves to certain animals, and by such means escaped their cruelty and violence; but later, having gained dominion over all things in the world, and returning thanks to those which were the causes of their original safety, they consecrated the natures of those animals to which they had likened themselves, and established for humans the custom of feeding them lavishly while living, and burying them when they die.
§1.86.4δευτέραν δὲ λέγουσιν αἰτίαν, ὅτι τὸ παλαιὸν οἱ κατʼ Αἴγυπτον διὰ τὴν ἀταξίαν τὴν ἐν τῷ στρατοπέδῳ πολλαῖς μάχαις ὑπὸ τῶν πλησιοχώρων ἡττηθέντες ἐπενόησαν σύνθημα φορεῖν ἐπὶ τῶν ταγμάτων.
And as the second reason they say that in ancient times the inhabitants of Egypt, having been defeated in many battles by their neighbors because of the disorder in their camp, devised the plan of carrying standards for their divisions.
§1.86.5φασὶν οὖν κατασκευάσαντας εἰκόνας τῶν ζῴων ἃ νῦν τιμῶσι, καὶ πήξαντας ἐπὶ σαυνίων, φορεῖν τοὺς ἡγεμόνας, καὶ διὰ τούτου τοῦ τρόπου γνωρίζειν ἕκαστον ἧς εἴη συντάξεως· μεγάλα δὲ συμβαλλομένης αὐτοῖς τῆς διὰ τούτων εὐταξίας πρὸς τὴν νίκην, δόξαι τῆς σωτηρίας αἴτια γεγονέναι τὰ ζῷα· χάριν οὖν αὐτοῖς τοὺς ἀνθρώπους ἀποδοῦναι βουλομένους εἰς ἔθος κατατάξαι τῶν εἰκασθέντων τότε μηδὲν κτείνειν, ἀλλὰ σεβομένους ἀπονέμειν τὴν προειρημένην ἐπιμέλειαν καὶ τιμήν.
They say, therefore, that the leaders, having made likenesses of the animals which they now honor and having fixed them upon spears, carried them, and by this means each man came to recognize to which division he belonged; and since the good order resulting from these standards contributed greatly to their victory, they came to believe that the animals had been the causes of their safety; and therefore, wishing to return thanks to them, the humans established it as a custom to kill none of the animals that had been depicted at that time, but, showing them reverence, to render the aforementioned care and honor.