§1.35.1θηρία δʼ ὁ Νεῖλος τρέφει πολλὰ μὲν καὶ ἄλλα ταῖς ἰδέαις ἐξηλλαγμένα, δύο δὲ διάφορα, τόν τε κροκόδειλον καὶ τὸν καλούμενον ἵππον.
The Nile nurtures many other beasts as well that are extraordinary in their forms, but two that are distinctive: the crocodile and what is called the horse (hippopotamus).
§1.35.2τούτων δʼ ὁ μὲν κροκόδειλος ἐξ ἐλαχίστου γίνεται μέγιστος, ὡς ἂν ᾠὰ μὲν τοῦ ζῴου τούτου τίκτοντος τοῖς χηνείοις παραπλήσια, τοῦ δὲ γεννηθέντος αὐξομένου μέχρι πηχῶν ἑκκαίδεκα.
Of these, the crocodile grows from the smallest size to the largest, since this animal lays eggs very similar to those of geese, but the newborn grows up to sixteen cubits.
§1.35.3καὶ μακρόβιον μέν ἐστιν ὡς κατʼ ἄνθρωπον, γλῶτταν δὲ οὐκ ἔχει.
And it is long-lived in comparison with man, and has no tongue.
τὸ δὲ σῶμα θαυμαστῶς ὑπὸ τῆς φύσεως ὠχύρωται· τὸ μὲν γὰρ δέρμα αὐτοῦ πᾶν φολιδωτόν ἐστι καὶ τῇ σκληρότητι διάφορον, ὀδόντες δʼ ἐξ ἀμφοτέρων τῶν μερῶν ὑπάρχουσι πολλοί, δύο δὲ οἱ χαυλιόδοντες πολὺ τῷ μεγέθει τῶν ἄλλων διαλλάττοντες.
Its body has been marvelously fortified by nature; for its skin is entirely scaly and extraordinary in its hardness, and there are many teeth in both jaws, and two are tusks, differing greatly in size from the others.
§1.35.4σαρκοφαγεῖ δʼ οὐ μόνον ἀνθρώπους, ἀλλὰ καὶ τῶν ἄλλων τῶν ἐπὶ τῆς γῆς ζῴων τὰ προσπελάζοντα τῷ ποταμῷ.
And it eats the flesh not only of men but also of those other land animals that approach the river.
καὶ τὰ μὲν δήγματα ποιεῖ ἁδρὰ καὶ χαλεπά, τοῖς δʼ ὄνυξι δεινῶς σπαράττει, καὶ τὸ διαιρεθὲν τῆς σαρκὸς παντελῶς ἀπεργάζεται δυσίατον.
And it inflicts large and grievous bites, tears terribly with its claws, and makes any mangled flesh completely difficult to heal.
§1.35.5ἐθηρεύετο δὲ ταῦτα τὰ ζῷα τὸ μὲν παλαιὸν ὑπὸ τῶν Αἰγυπτίων ἀγκίστροις ἔχουσιν ἐπιδεδελεασμένας ὑείας σάρκας, ὕστερον δὲ ποτὲ μὲν δικτύοις παχέσιν ὡσπερεί τινες ἰχθῦς, ποτὲ δʼ ἐμβολίοις σιδηροῖς ἐκ τῶν ἀκάτων τυπτόμενα συνεχῶς εἰς τὴν κεφαλήν.
And these animals were hunted in ancient times by the Egyptians with hooks baited with pig's flesh, but later sometimes with thick nets like fish, and sometimes they were struck continuously in the head from boats with iron harpoons.
§1.35.6πλῆθος δʼ αὐτῶν ἀμύθητόν ἐστι κατά τε τὸν ποταμὸν καὶ τὰς παρακειμένας λίμνας, ὡς ἂν πολυγόνων τε ὄντων καὶ σπανίως ὑπὸ τῶν ἀνθρώπων ἀναιρουμένων· τῶν μὲν γὰρ ἐγχωρίων τοῖς πλείστοις νόμιμόν ἐστιν ὡς θεὸν σέβεσθαι τὸν κροκόδειλον, τοῖς δʼ ἀλλοφύλοις ἀλυσιτελής ἐστιν ἡ θήρα παντελῶς, §1.35.7οὐκ οὔσης ἐδωδίμου τῆς σαρκός.
And their number is countless throughout the river and the adjacent lakes, since they are both prolific and rarely killed by men; for to most of the inhabitants it is a custom to revere the crocodile as a god, while to foreigners the hunt is completely unprofitable, because its flesh is not edible.
ἀλλʼ ὅμως τοῦ πλήθους τούτου φυομένου κατὰ τῶν ἀνθρώπων ἡ φύσις κατεσκεύασε μέγα βοήθημα· ὁ γὰρ καλούμενος ἰχνεύμων, παραπλήσιος ὢν μικρῷ κυνί, περιέρχεται τὰ τῶν κροκοδείλων ᾠὰ συντρίβων, τίκτοντος τοῦ ζῴου παρὰ τὸν ποταμόν, καὶ τὸ θαυμασιώτατον, οὔτε κατεσθίων οὔτε ὠφελούμενος οὐδὲν διατελεῖ φυσικήν τινα χρείαν καὶ κατηναγκασμένην ἐνεργῶν εἰς ἀνθρώπων εὐεργεσίαν.
But nevertheless, against this growing multitude threatening men, nature has prepared a great remedy; for what is called the ichneumon, being similar to a small dog, goes about crushing the eggs of the crocodiles, as the animal lays them along the river, and, what is most wonderful, without either eating them or deriving any benefit, it continually performs a certain natural and compulsory service for the benefit of men.
§1.35.8ὁ δὲ καλούμενος ἵππος τῷ μεγέθει μέν ἐστιν οὐκ ἐλάττων πηχῶν πέντε, τετράπους δʼ ὢν καὶ δίχηλος παραπλησίως τοῖς βουσὶ τοὺς χαυλιόδοντας ἔχει μείζους τῶν ἀγρίων ὑῶν, τρεῖς ἐξ ἀμφοτέρων τῶν μερῶν, ὦτα δὲ καὶ κέρκον καὶ φωνὴν ἵππῳ παρεμφερῆ, τὸ δʼ ὅλον κύτος τοῦ σώματος οὐκ ἀνόμοιον ἐλέφαντι, καὶ δέρμα πάντων σχεδὸν τῶν θηρίων ἰσχυρότατον.
But what is called the horse (hippopotamus) is in size no less than five cubits, and being four-footed and cloven-hoofed like oxen, it has tusks larger than those of wild boars, three on each of its jaws, ears and tail and a voice resembling those of a horse, but the whole bulk of its body is not unlike an elephant, and its skin is the strongest of almost all beasts.
§1.35.9ποτάμιον γὰρ ὑπάρχον καὶ χερσαῖον τὰς μὲν ἡμέρας ἐν τοῖς ὕδασι ποιεῖ γυμναζόμενον κατὰ βάθους, τὰς δὲ νύκτας ἐπὶ τῆς χώρας κατανέμεται τόν τε σῖτον καὶ τὸν χόρτον, ὥστε εἰ πολύτεκνον ἦν τοῦτο τὸ ζῷον καὶ κατʼ ἐνιαυτὸν ἔτικτεν, ἐλυμαίνετʼ ἂν ὁλοσχερῶς τὰς γεωργίας τὰς κατʼ Αἴγυπτον.
For since it is both an aquatic and a terrestrial animal, it spends its days in the waters, exercising itself in the depths, but during the nights it feeds upon the land on both grain and hay, so that if this animal were prolific and brought forth young every year, it would utterly ruin the agriculture of Egypt.
§1.35.10ἁλίσκεται δὲ καὶ τοῦτο πολυχειρίᾳ τῶν τυπτόντων τοῖς σιδηροῖς ἐμβολίοις· ὅπου γὰρ ἂν φανῇ, συνάγουσιν ἐπʼ αὐτὸ πλοῖα, καὶ περιστάντες κατατραυματίζουσιν ὥσπερ τισὶ κοπεῦσιν ἐπὶ σιδηροῖς ἀγκίστροις, εἶθʼ ἑνὶ τῶν ἐμπαγέντων ἐνάπτοντες ἀρχὰς στυππίνας ἀφιᾶσι, μέχρι ἂν ὅτου παραλυθῇ γενόμενον ἔξαιμον.
And this also is captured by a multitude of men striking it with iron harpoons; for wherever it appears, they gather boats against it, and standing around they wound it with tools like chisels on iron hooks, and then, tying hempen ropes to one of the embedded weapons, they let it go until it is disabled by losing its blood.
§1.35.11τὴν μὲν οὖν σάρκα σκληρὰν ἔχει καὶ δύσπεπτον, τῶν δʼ ἔντοσθεν οὐδὲν ἐδώδιμον, οὔτε σπλάγχνον οὔτʼ ἐγκοίλιον.
Therefore, it has hard and indigestible flesh, and none of its inner parts is edible, neither the viscera nor the intestines.