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Diodorus Siculus · Bibliotheca Historica §17.8.1-17.8.7

The Revolt of Thebes and Alexander's March

Passage 613 of 723 · Greek

Summary

Alexander subdues the northern barbarian tribes but returns upon hearing of Greek revolts, especially by the Thebans. The Thebans besiege the Cadmea garrison and solicit aid, while other Greek states watch from a distance.

§17.8.1Ἀλέξανδρος δὲ τὰς κατὰ τὴν Ἑλλάδα ταραχὰς καταπαύσας ἐστράτευσεν ἐπὶ τὴν Θρᾴκην καὶ πολλὰ μὲν ἔθνη Θρᾴκια ταραττόμενα καταπληξάμενος ὑποταγῆναι κατηνάγκασεν, ἐπῆλθεν δὲ καὶ τὴν Παιονίαν καὶ τὴν Ἰλλυρίδα καὶ τὰς ὁμόρους ταύταις χώρας καὶ πολλοὺς τῶν κατοικούντων βαρβάρων ἀφεστηκότας χειρωσάμενος ὑπηκόους πάντας τοὺς πλησιοχώρους βαρβάρους ἐποιήσατο.
Alexander, having put an end to the disturbances in Greece, marched against Thrace; and having terrified many Thracian tribes that were in revolt, he compelled them to submit, and he also invaded Paeonia, Illyria, and the lands bordering them, and having subdued many of the native barbarians who had rebelled, he made all the neighboring barbarians his subjects.
§17.8.2περὶ ταῦτα δʼ ὄντος αὐτοῦ παρῆσάν τινες ἀπαγγέλλοντες πολλοὺς τῶν Ἑλλήνων νεωτερίζειν καὶ πολλὰς τῆς Ἑλλάδος πόλεις πρὸς ἀπόστασιν ὡρμηκέναι, μάλιστα δὲ Θηβαίους.
While he was occupied with these matters, some people arrived reporting that many of the Greeks were planning a revolt and that many cities of Greece had set out to rebel, especially the Thebans.
ἐπὶ δὲ τούτοις ὁ βασιλεὺς παροξυνθεὶς ἐπανῆλθεν εἰς τὴν Μακεδονίαν, σπεύδων τὰς κατὰ τὴν Ἑλλάδα παῦσαι ταραχάς.
Provoked by these reports, the king returned to Macedonia, hastening to put an end to the disturbances in Greece.
§17.8.3Θηβαίων δὲ τὴν ἐν τῇ Καδμείᾳ φρουρὰν ἐκβάλλειν φιλοτιμουμένων καὶ πολιορκούντων τὴν ἄκραν ἧκεν ὁ βασιλεὺς ἄφνω πρὸς τὴν πόλιν καὶ κατεστρατοπέδευσε πλησίον τῶν Θηβῶν μετὰ πάσης τῆς δυνάμεως.
While the Thebans were eagerly striving to expel the garrison in the Cadmea and were besieging the citadel, the king came suddenly to the city and encamped near Thebes with his entire army.
§17.8.4οἱ δὲ Θηβαῖοι πρὸ μὲν τῆς τοῦ βασιλέως παρουσίας τὴν Καδμείαν τάφροις βαθείαις καὶ σταυρώμασι πυκνοῖς περιέλαβον ὥστε μήτε βοήθειαν αὐτοῖς δύνασθαι μήτʼ ἀγορὰν εἰσπέμψαι,
Before the arrival of the king, the Thebans had surrounded the Cadmea with deep trenches and dense stockades, so that it was impossible either to send aid or to bring supplies to them.
§17.8.5πρὸς δὲ Ἀρκάδας καὶ Ἀργείους, ἔτι δὲ Ἠλείους πρεσβεύσαντες ἠξίουν βοηθεῖν.
They also sent envoys to the Arcadians, Argives, and further to the Eleans, requesting them to help.
ὁμοίως δὲ καὶ πρὸς Ἀθηναίους περὶ συμμαχίας ἐπρέσβευον καὶ παρὰ Δημοσθένους ὅπλων πλῆθος ἐν δωρεαῖς λαβόντες τοὺς ἀνόπλους καθώπλιζον.
Likewise, they sent envoys to the Athenians to discuss an alliance, and having received a large quantity of arms as a gift from Demosthenes, they armed those who were unarmed.
§17.8.6τῶν δʼ ἐπὶ τὴν βοήθειαν παρακεκλημένων οἱ μὲν ἐν Πελοποννήσῳ στρατιώτας ἐξέπεμψαν ἐπὶ τὸν Ἰσθμὸν καὶ διατρίβοντες ἐκαραδόκουν, προσδοκίμου τοῦ βασιλέως ὄντος.
Of those who had been summoned to give aid, the Peloponnesians sent soldiers to the Isthmus, but remained there waiting expectantly, as the king was expected momentarily.
Ἀθηναῖοι δʼ ἐψηφίσαντο μὲν βοηθεῖν τοῖς Θηβαίοις, πεισθέντες ὑπὸ Δημοσθένους, οὐ μέντοι γε τὴν δύναμιν ἐξέπεμψαν, καραδοκοῦντες τὴν ῥοπὴν τοῦ πολέμου.
The Athenians, persuaded by Demosthenes, voted to aid the Thebans, but they did not actually send their force, waiting to see which way the war would turn.
§17.8.7ὁ δὲ τῆς ἐν τῇ Καδμείᾳ φρουρᾶς ἡγούμενος Φιλώτας ὁρῶν τοὺς Θηβαίους μεγάλας παρασκευὰς ποιουμένους πρὸς τὴν πολιορκίαν καὶ τὰ τείχη φιλοτιμότερον κατεσκεύασεν καὶ βελῶν παντοδαπῶν πλῆθος ἡτοιμάζετο.
Philotas, the commander of the garrison in the Cadmea, seeing that the Thebans were making great preparations for the siege, both strengthened the walls with greater care and prepared a large quantity of missiles of all kinds.

Notes

  1. 17.8.4ὥστε μήτε βοήθειαν αὐτοῖς δύνασθαι μήτʼ ἀγορὰν εἰσπέμψαι — A result clause introduced by the conjunction ὥστε. The subject of the infinitive δύνασθαι is either indefinite (no one being able) or the verb is used impersonally to denote impossibility. The dative pronoun αὐτοῖς refers to the besieged Macedonian garrison in the Cadmea.
  2. 17.8.6προσδοκίμου τοῦ βασιλέως ὄντος — A genitive absolute construction with the adjective προσδόκιμος ('expected') functioning as the predicate. It expresses the circumstance: 'since the king's arrival was expected.'

Cite this passage

Diodorus Siculus, Bibliotheca Historica §17.8.1-17.8.7. Humanitext Reader, https://reader.humanitext.ai/en/text/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0060.tlg001.humanitext-grc4:17.8.1-17.8.7

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