§17.19.1ὁ δὲ Ἀλέξανδρος πυθόμενος τὴν συνδρομὴν τῶν βαρβαρικῶν δυνάμεων προῆγε καὶ σύντομον τὴν πορείαν ποιησάμενος ἀντεστρατοπέδευσε τοῖς πολεμίοις, ὥστε ἀνὰ μέσον ῥεῖν τῶν παρεμβολῶν τὸν Γρανικόν.
Alexander, having learned of the concentration of the barbarian forces, advanced and, having made a rapid march, encamped opposite the enemy, so that the Granicus flowed between the camps.
§17.19.2οἱ μὲν οὖν βάρβαροι τὴν ὑπώρειαν κατειλημμένοι τὴν ἡσυχίαν ἦγον, κεκρικότες τοῖς πολεμίοις ἐπιθέσθαι κατὰ τὴν διάβασιν τοῦ ποταμοῦ· καὶ διεσπασμένης τῆς τῶν Μακεδόνων φάλαγγος ῥᾳδίως προτερήσειν ὑπελάμβανον ἐν τῇ μάχῃ·
Now the barbarians, having occupied the foothills, remained quiet, having decided to attack the enemy during their crossing of the river; and they assumed that they would easily gain the upper hand in the battle once the phalanx of the Macedonians was disrupted.
§17.19.3ὁ δὲ Ἀλέξανδρος τεθαρρηκὼς ἅμʼ ἡμέρᾳ περαιώσας τὴν δύναμιν ἔφθασε τοὺς πολεμίους ἐκτάξας τὴν δύναμιν ἡρμοσμένως πρὸς τὸν ἀγῶνα.
But Alexander, full of confidence, crossed with his army at daybreak and anticipated the enemy by drawing up his force in a manner suited for the struggle.
οἱ δὲ βάρβαροι πρὸς ὅλην τὴν τάξιν τῶν Μακεδόνων ἔστησαν τὸ πλῆθος τῶν ἱππέων καὶ διὰ τούτων προκινεῖν τὴν μάχην διεγνώκεισαν.
The barbarians, on their part, stationed their multitude of cavalry against the entire array of the Macedonians and had resolved to open the battle with them.
§17.19.4τὸ μὲν οὖν εὐώνυμον μέρος εἶχε Μέμνων ὁ Ῥόδιος καὶ Ἀρσαμένης ὁ σατράπης ἔχοντες τοὺς ἰδίους ἱππεῖς, μετὰ δὲ τούτους Ἀρσίτης ἐτέτακτο τοὺς ἐκ Παφλαγονίας ἔχων ἱππεῖς, ἔπειτα Σπιθροβάτης ὁ Ἰωνίας σατράπης Ὑρκανῶν ἱππέων ἡγούμενος·
The left wing was held by Memnon the Rhodian and Arsamnes the satrap, having their own cavalry; after them was stationed Arsites, having the cavalry from Paphlagonia; then Spithrobates, the satrap of Ionia, leading the Hyrcanian cavalry.
τὸ δὲ δεξιὸν κέρας ἐπεῖχον χίλιοι μὲν Μῆδοι, δισχίλιοι δὲ οἱ μετὰ Ῥεομίθρους ἱππεῖς καὶ Βακτριανοὶ τούτοις ἴσοι·
The right wing was occupied by a thousand Medes, two thousand cavalry under Rheomithres, and an equal number of Bactrians.
τὸν δὲ μέσον τόπον ἐπεῖχον οἱ τῶν ἄλλων ἐθνῶν ἱππεῖς, πολλοὶ μὲν τὸν ἀριθμὸν ὄντες, ἐπίλεκτοι δὲ ταῖς ἀρεταῖς.
The center was occupied by the cavalry of the other nations, being many in number and elite in their valor.
οἱ δὲ πάντες ἱππεῖς ὑπῆρχον πλείους τῶν μυρίων.
The total number of cavalry was over ten thousand.
§17.19.5οἱ δὲ πεζοὶ τῶν Περσῶν ἦσαν μὲν οὐκ ἐλάττους τῶν δέκα μυριάδων, ὄπισθεν δʼ ἐπιτεταγμένοι τὴν ἡσυχίαν ἦγον, ὡς τῶν ἱππέων ἱκανῶν ὄντων καταπονῆσαι τοὺς Μακεδόνας.
The Persian infantry numbered no fewer than one hundred thousand, but being drawn up behind, they remained quiet, since they thought the cavalry was sufficient to defeat the Macedonians.
§17.19.6τῶν δʼ ἱππέων παρʼ ἀμφοτέροις προθύμως εἰς τὸν κίνδυνον συμπεσόντων τὸ μὲν εὐώνυμον μέρος ἐπέχοντες οἱ τῶν Θετταλῶν ἱππεῖς Παρμενίωνος ἡγουμένου τεθαρρηκότως ἐδέχοντο τὴν ἐπιφορὰν τῶν καθʼ αὑτοὺς τεταγμένων, Ἀλέξανδρος δὲ τοὺς ἀρίστους τῶν ἱππέων κατὰ τὸ δεξιὸν κέρας ἔχων μεθʼ αὑτοῦ πρῶτος ἐφίππευσε τοῖς Πέρσαις καὶ συμπλακεὶς τοῖς πολεμίοις πολὺν ἐποιεῖτο φόνον.
When the cavalry on both sides eagerly joined battle, the Thessalian cavalry, who held the left wing under the command of Parmenion, courageously received the charge of those drawn up opposite them; while Alexander, having with himself the finest of the cavalry on the right wing, was the first to charge the Persians on horseback, and joining battle with the enemy, wrought great slaughter.