Humanitext Reader

Diodorus Siculus · Bibliotheca Historica §17.16.1-17.16.4

Deliberations on the Asian Expedition and the Festival at Dium

Passage 621 of 723 · Greek

Summary

Having returned to Macedonia, Alexander consulted his commanders on the timing and strategy of the Asian campaign, rejected advice to delay, and held grand sacrifices, theatrical contests, and banquets in Dium to boost the army's morale.

§17.16.1μετὰ δὲ ταῦτα ὁ μὲν βασιλεὺς ἐπανελθὼν μετὰ τῆς δυνάμεως εἰς τὴν Μακεδονίαν συνήγαγε τοὺς ἡγεμόνας τῶν στρατιωτῶν καὶ τοὺς ἀξιολογωτάτους τῶν φίλων καὶ προέθηκε βουλὴν περὶ τῆς εἰς τὴν Ἀσίαν διαβάσεως, πότε χρὴ στρατεύειν καὶ τίνι τρόπῳ χειριστέον τὸν πόλεμον.
After this, the king, having returned to Macedonia with his army, gathered the commanders of the soldiers and the most prominent of his friends, and proposed a deliberation concerning the crossing into Asia, as to when they should campaign and in what manner they should conduct the war.
§17.16.2τῶν δὲ περὶ τὸν Ἀντίπατρον καὶ Παρμενίωνα συμβουλευόντων πρότερον παιδοποιήσασθαι καὶ τότε τοῖς τηλικούτοις ἐγχειρεῖν ἔργοις, δραστικὸς ὢν καὶ πρὸς πᾶσαν πράξεως ἀναβολὴν ἀλλοτρίως διακείμενος ἀντεῖπε τούτοις·
While Antipater and Parmenion and their associates advised him to beget children first and only then to undertake such great enterprises, the king, being active and averse to any delay in action, opposed them.
αἰσχρὸν γὰρ ὑπάρχειν ἀπεφαίνετο τὸν ὑπὸ τῆς Ἑλλάδος ἡγεμόνα καθεσταμένον τοῦ πολέμου καὶ πατρικὰς ἀνικήτους δυνάμεις παρειληφότα καθῆσθαι γάμους ἐπιτελοῦντα καὶ τέκνων γενέσεις ἀναμένοντα.
For he declared that it was shameful for one who had been appointed leader of the war by Greece and had inherited invincible paternal forces to sit idle celebrating marriages and waiting for the birth of children.
§17.16.3διδάξας οὖν αὐτοὺς περὶ τοῦ συμφέροντος καὶ παρορμήσας διὰ τῶν λόγων πρὸς τοὺς ἀγῶνας θυσίας μεγαλοπρεπεῖς τοῖς θεοῖς συνετέλεσεν ἐν Δίῳ τῆς Μακεδονίας καὶ σκηνικοὺς ἀγῶνας Διὶ καὶ Μούσαις, οὓς Ἀρχέλαος ὁ προβασιλεύσας πρῶτος κατέδειξε.
Having therefore instructed them about what was advantageous and urged them on by his words to the contests, he performed magnificent sacrifices to the gods in Dium of Macedonia, and celebrated theatrical contests in honor of Zeus and the Muses, which Archelaus, his predecessor, had first established.
§17.16.4τὴν δὲ πανήγυριν ἐφʼ ἡμέρας ἐννέα συνετέλεσεν, ἑκάστῃ τῶν Μουσῶν ἐπώνυμον ἡμέραν ἀναδείξας.
He celebrated this festival for nine days, designating each day after one of the Muses.
σκηνὴν δὲ κατασκευασάμενος ἑκατοντάκλινον τούς τε φίλους καὶ τοὺς ἡγεμόνας, ἔτι δὲ τοὺς ἀπὸ τῶν πόλεων πρέσβεις παρέλαβεν ἐπὶ τὴν εὐωχίαν.
Having constructed a tent with a hundred couches, he invited his friends, the commanders, and also the ambassadors from the cities to the banquet.
λαμπραῖς δὲ παρασκευαῖς χρησάμενος καὶ πολλοὺς μὲν ἑστιάσας, πάσῃ δὲ τῇ δυνάμει διαδοὺς ἱερεῖα καὶ τἄλλα τὰ πρὸς τὴν εὐωχίαν ἀνήκοντα προσανέλαβε τὸ στρατόπεδον.
Making use of magnificent preparations and entertaining many guests, while distributing sacrificial meat and other things necessary for the feast to the entire army, he refreshed the spirit of his camp.

Notes

  1. §17.16.2τῶν δὲ περὶ τὸν Ἀντίπατρον καὶ Παρμενίωνα συμβουλευόντων — A genitive absolute construction. The logical subject of the present participle `συμβουλευόντων` is "Antipater and Parmenion with their associates" (`οἱ περὶ τὸν Ἀντίπατρον καὶ Παρμενίωνα`), and the substance of their advice to the king is expressed by the subsequent infinitive phrases `παιδοποιήσασθαι` and `ἐγχειρεῖν`.
  2. §17.16.2αἰσχρὸν γὰρ ὑπάρχειν ἀπεφαίνετο τὸν ὑπὸ τῆς Ἑλλάδος ἡγεμόνα καθεσταμένον τοῦ πολέμου καὶ πατρικὰς ἀνικήτους δυνάμεις παρειληφότα καθῆσθαι γάμους ἐπιτελοῦντα καὶ τέκνων γενέσεις ἀναμένοντα — Indirect discourse introduced by `ἀπεφαίνετο` (he declared). The subject of the accusative-with-infinitive construction `αἰσχρὸν ὑπάρχειν` (to be shameful) is another infinitive phrase `τὸν ... καθῆσθαι` (that one sits idle). The accusative subject `τὸν` (referring to the king) is modified by the perfect participles `καθεσταμένον` and `παρειληφότα`, while the infinitive `καθῆσθαι` is accompanied by the circumstantial present participles `ἐπιτελοῦντα` and `ἀναμένοντα` describing his status.
  3. §17.16.4προσανέλαβε — The aorist indicative of `προσαναλαμβάνω`, which carries meanings such as "to refresh," "to restore," or "to win over." In this context, it refers to restoring or boosting the physical and mental state (morale) of the army (`τὸ στρατόπεδον`) by distributing food and meat.

Cite this passage

Diodorus Siculus, Bibliotheca Historica §17.16.1-17.16.4. Humanitext Reader, https://reader.humanitext.ai/en/text/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0060.tlg001.humanitext-grc4:17.16.1-17.16.4

Please note the AI-draft status of the translation and the date accessed.

Translation, notes and summary are AI-generated drafts, revised through reader feedback.