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Diodorus Siculus · Bibliotheca Historica §16.92.1-16.92.5

Ominous Portents for Philip and the Thirteenth Statue

Passage 600 of 723 · Greek

Summary

During the grand festival at Aegae, ominous portents forecasting Philip's destruction appear in a herald's announcement and a tragic actor's recitation. The following day, a divine statue of Philip is paraded as the thirteenth alongside the twelve gods.

§16.92.1τέλος δὲ πολλῶν πανταχόθεν πρὸς τὴν πανήγυριν συρρεόντων καὶ τῶν ἀγώνων καὶ γάμων συντελουμένων ἐν Αἰγέαις τῆς Μακεδονίας οὐ μόνον κατʼ ἄνδρα τῶν ἐπιφανῶν ἐστεφάνωσαν αὐτὸν χρυσοῖς στεφάνοις, ἀλλὰ καὶ τῶν ἀξιολόγων πόλεων αἱ πλείους, ἐν αἷς ἦν καὶ ἡ τῶν Ἀθηναίων. §16.92.2ἀναγορευομένου δὲ τοῦ στεφάνου τούτου διὰ τοῦ κήρυκος τὸ τελευταῖον εἶπεν, ἄν τις ἐπιβουλεύσας Φιλίππῳ τῷ βασιλεῖ καταφύγῃ πρὸς Ἀθηναίους, παραδόσιμον εἶναι τοῦτον.
\nFinally, when many people were flocking from all quarters to the festival, and the contests and weddings were being celebrated at Aegae in Macedonia, not only did prominent men individually crown him with golden crowns, but also most of the notable cities did so, among which was that of the Athenians.\n\nWhen this crown was being announced by the herald, he said at the very end that if anyone should plot against King Philip and flee to the Athenians, he should be delivered up.
διὰ δὲ τῆς αὐτοματιζούσης φήμης ὥσπερ θείᾳ τινὶ προνοίᾳ διεσήμαινε τὸ δαιμόνιον τὴν ἐσομένην ἐπιβουλὴν εὐθὺς τῷ Φιλίππῳ. §16.92.3ἀκολούθως δὲ τούτοις καὶ ἕτεραί τινες ὥσπερ ἐνθεάζουσαι ἐγένοντο φωναί, προδηλοῦσαι τὴν τοῦ βασιλέως καταστροφήν.
Thus, through this spontaneous utterance, as if by some divine providence, the deity was pointing out to Philip the plot that was soon to be.\n\nFollowing these, certain other voices arose, as if inspired by a god, foretelling the king's destruction.
ἐν γὰρ τῷ βασιλικῷ πότῳ Νεοπτόλεμος ὁ τραγῳδός, πρωτεύων τῇ μεγαλοφωνίᾳ καὶ τῇ δόξῃ, προστάξαντος αὐτῷ τοῦ Φιλίππου προενέγκασθαι τῶν ἐπιτετευγμένων ποιημάτων καὶ μάλιστα τῶν ἀνηκόντων πρὸς τὴν κατὰ τῶν Περσῶν στρατείαν, ὁ μὲν τεχνίτης κρίνας οἰκεῖον ὑποληφθήσεσθαι τὸ ποίημα τῇ διαβάσει τοῦ Φιλίππου καὶ τὴν εὐδαιμονίαν ἐπιπλῆξαι βουλόμενος τοῦ Περσῶν βασιλέως, καίπερ οὖσαν μεγάλην καὶ περιβόητον, ὅπως μεταπέσοι ποτʼ ἂν εἰς τοὐναντίον ὑπὸ τῆς τύχης ἤρξατο λέγειν τόδε τὸ ποίημα· " φρονεῖτε νῦν αἰθέρος ὑψηλότερον καὶ μεγάλων πεδίων ἀρούρας, φρονεῖθʼ ὑπερβαλλόμενοι δόμων δόμους, ἀφροσύνᾳ πρόσω βιοτὰν τεκμαιρόμενοι. ὁ δʼ ἀμφιβάλλει ταχύπουν κέλευθον ἕρπων σκοτίαν, ἄφνω δʼ ἄφαντος προσέβα μακρὰς ἀφαιρούμενος ἐλπίδας θνατῶν πολύμοχθος Ἅιδας " καὶ τὰ τούτων ἐφεξῆς προσσυνεῖρε, πάντα πρὸς τὴν ὁμοίαν φερόμενα διάνοιαν. §16.92.4ὁ δὲ Φίλιππος ἡσθεὶς ἐπὶ τοῖς ἀπηγγελμένοις ὅλως ἦν καὶ τελείως φερόμενος τῇ διανοίᾳ πρὸς τὴν τοῦ Περσῶν βασιλέως καταστροφήν, ἅμα δὲ καὶ τὸν πυθόχρηστον χρησμὸν ἀνελογίζετο, παραπλησίαν ἔχοντα διάνοιαν τοῖς ὑπὸ τοῦ τραγῳδοῦ ῥηθεῖσι. §16.92.5τέλος δὲ τοῦ πότου διαλυθέντος καὶ τῶν ἀγώνων κατὰ τὴν ὑστεραίαν τὴν ἀρχὴν λαμβανόντων τὸ μὲν πλῆθος ἔτι νυκτὸς οὔσης συνέτρεχεν εἰς τὸ θέατρον, ἅμα δʼ ἡμέρᾳ τῆς πομπῆς γινομένης σὺν ταῖς ἄλλαις ταῖς μεγαλοπρεπέσι κατασκευαῖς εἴδωλα τῶν δώδεκα θεῶν ἐπόμπευε ταῖς τε δημιουργίαις περιττῶς εἰργασμένα καὶ τῇ λαμπρότητι τοῦ πλούτου θαυμαστῶς κεκοσμημένα· σὺν δὲ τούτοις αὐτοῦ τοῦ Φιλίππου τρισκαιδέκατον ἐπόμπευε θεοπρεπὲς εἴδωλον, σύνθρονον ἑαυτὸν ἀποδεικνύντος τοῦ βασιλέως τοῖς δώδεκα θεοῖς.
For at the royal banquet, the tragic actor Neoptolemus, who was first in his power of voice and in reputation, when Philip ordered him to produce some of his successful poems, especially those relating to the campaign against the Persians—the artist, thinking that the poem would be considered appropriate to Philip's crossing, and wishing to rebuke the prosperity of the Persian king, great and celebrated though it was, showing how it might some day be turned by fortune into its opposite, began to recite this poem:\n"\nYou now think higher than the ether,\nand of the fields of vast plains,\nyou think, surpassing\nhouses with houses, in your folly\nmeasuring out a life far ahead.\nBut he crawls, wrapping around,\nwith swift-footed step, a dark path,\nand suddenly, unseen, he has struck,\ntaking away the long hopes\nof mortals, Hades of many troubles.\n"\nAnd he joined to this the subsequent parts, all of them bearing upon the same thought.\n\nPhilip, being pleased with what had been recited, was entirely and completely carried away in his mind toward the destruction of the king of the Persians, and at the same time he was reflecting on the Apollo-given oracle, which had a similar meaning to the words spoken by the tragic actor.\n\nFinally, when the banquet was dissolved and the contests were beginning on the following day, the multitude flocked to the theater while it was still night, and at daybreak, as the procession took place, along with the other magnificent arrangements, statues of the twelve gods were carried, exquisitely wrought by craft and marvelously adorned with the splendor of wealth; and with these a thirteenth statue of Philip himself, fit for a god, was carried, the king showing himself as seated together with the twelve gods.

Notes

  1. 16.92.1κατʼ ἄνδρα τῶν ἐπιφανῶν — A combination of the prepositional phrase `κατʼ ἄνδρα` (individually, man by man) and the partitive genitive `τῶν ἐπιφανῶν` (of the prominent men). It refers to the individuals who make up the subject of `ἐστεφάνωσαν` (they crowned).
  2. 16.92.2παραδόσιμον εἶναι — The adjective `παραδόσιμος` with the infinitive `εἶναι` expresses necessity or obligation ("must be delivered up"). It functions as the main clause of the indirect speech, specifying the content of the herald's announcement.
  3. 16.92.3ὅπως μεταπέσοι ποτʼ ἂν — The conjunction `ὅπως` introducing an indirect question with the potential optative (`ἂν` + optative), meaning "how it might some day be turned." It modifies the preceding infinitive clause by explaining the intention of showing the change of fortune.
  4. 16.92.4ὅλως ἦν καὶ τελείως φερόμενος — A periphrastic construction combining the verb `ἦν` with the present passive participle `φερόμενος`. It emphasizes the continuous state of Philip being completely carried away or engrossed in his thoughts.
  5. 16.92.5ἐπόμπευε — The imperfect active of the intransitive verb `πομπεύω` (to march in procession). Here, the statues (`εἴδωλα`) function as the subject ("the statues marched/were carried in procession"), carrying a passive or causative nuance in translation.

Cite this passage

Diodorus Siculus, Bibliotheca Historica §16.92.1-16.92.5. Humanitext Reader, https://reader.humanitext.ai/en/text/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0060.tlg001.humanitext-grc4:16.92.1-16.92.5

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