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Diodorus Siculus · Bibliotheca Historica §16.60.1-16.60.5

Punishment of the Phocians and Honors for Philip

Passage 568 of 723 · Greek

Summary

The Amphictyonic council decides on harsh punishments for the defeated Phocians and awards privileges to Philip, who returns to Macedonia having prepared for his future dominance in Greece.

§16.60.1ἔδοξεν οὖν τοῖς συνέδροις μεταδοῦναι τῷ Φιλίππῳ καὶ τοῖς ἀπογόνοις αὐτοῦ τῆς Ἀμφικτυονίας καὶ δύο ψήφους ἔχειν, ἃς πρότερον οἱ καταπολεμηθέντες Φωκεῖς εἶχον· τῶν δʼ ἐπὶ Φωκεῦσι τριῶν πόλεων περιελεῖν τὰ τείχη καὶ μηδεμίαν κοινωνίαν εἶναι τοῖς Φωκεῦσι τοῦ ἱεροῦ μηδὲ τοῦ Ἀμφικτυονικοῦ συνεδρίου· μὴ ἐξεῖναι δὲ αὐτοῖς μήτε ἵππους μήτε ὅπλα κτήσασθαι, μέχρις ἂν οὗ τὰ χρήματα ἐκτίσωσι τῷ θεῷ τὰ σεσυλημένα· τοὺς δὲ πεφευγότας τῶν Φωκέων καὶ τῶν ἄλλων τῶν μετεσχηκότων τῆς ἱεροσυλίας ἐναγεῖς εἶναι καὶ ἀγωγίμους πάντοθεν· §16.60.2τὰς δὲ πόλεις ἁπάσας τῶν Φωκέων κατασκάψαι καὶ μετοικίσαι εἰς κώμας, ὧν ἑκάστην μὴ πλεῖον ἔχειν οἰκιῶν πεντήκοντα, μηδʼ ἔλαττον διεστάναι σταδίου τὰς κώμας ἀπʼ ἀλλήλων· ἔχειν δὲ Φωκεῖς τὴν χώραν καὶ φέρειν κατʼ ἐνιαυτὸν τῷ θεῷ φόρον τάλαντα ἑξήκοντα, μέχρις ἂν ἐκτίσωσι τὰ ἀπογραφέντα χρήματα κατὰ τὴν ἱεροσυλίαν· τιθέναι δὲ καὶ τὸν ἀγῶνα τῶν Πυθίων Φίλιππον μετὰ Βοιωτῶν καὶ Θετταλῶν διὰ τὸ Κορινθίους μετεσχηκέναι τοῖς Φωκεῦσι τῆς εἰς τὸ θεῖον παρανομίας· §16.60.3τοὺς δὲ Ἀμφικτύονας καὶ τὸν Φίλιππον τὰ ὅπλα τῶν Φωκέων καὶ τῶν μισθοφόρων καταπετροκοπῆσαι καὶ τὰ λείψανα αὐτῶν κατακαῦσαι καὶ τοὺς ἵππους ἀποδόσθαι.
Therefore, the councilors decided to grant Philip and his descendants membership in the Amphictyony and to let them have the two votes which the defeated Phocians had formerly held; and to demolish the walls of the three cities that had sided with the Phocians, and that the Phocians should have no participation in the temple or in the Amphictyonic council; and that it should not be lawful for them to acquire either horses or weapons until they should have paid back to the god the plundered money; and that those of the Phocians who had fled, and any others who had shared in the sacrilege, should be under a curse and liable to arrest from anywhere; and to raze all the cities of the Phocians to the ground and settle them into villages, of which each should have no more than fifty houses, and that the villages should be distant from one another not less than a stade; and that the Phocians should keep their land and pay an annual tribute to the god of sixty talents until they should have paid back the money registered during the sacrilege; and that Philip, together with the Boeotians and Thessalians, should conduct the Pythian games, because the Corinthians had shared with the Phocians in their lawlessness against the divine; and that the Amphictyons and Philip should smash with stones the weapons of both the Phocians and the mercenaries, burn their remains, and sell their horses.
ἀκολούθως δὲ τούτοις διέταξαν οἱ Ἀμφικτύονες τὰ περὶ τὴν ἐπιμέλειαν τοῦ μαντείου καὶ τἄλλα πάντα τὰ πρὸς εὐσέβειαν καὶ κοινὴν εἰρήνην καὶ ὁμόνοιαν τοῖς Ἕλλησιν ἀνήκοντα.
In accordance with these decisions, the Amphictyons regulated the matters concerning the care of the oracle and all other things pertaining to piety, common peace, and concord among the Greeks.
§16.60.4μετὰ δὲ ταῦτα Φίλιππος μὲν τὰ δεδογμένα τοῖς Ἀμφικτύοσι συγκαταστήσας καὶ πρὸς πάντας φιλοφρονηθεὶς ἐπανῆλθεν εἰς Μακεδονίαν, οὐ μόνον δόξαν εὐσεβείας καὶ ἀρετῆς στρατηγικῆς περιπεποιημένος, ἀλλὰ καὶ πρὸς τὴν μέλλουσαν αὔξησιν αὐτῷ γίνεσθαι μεγάλα προκατεσκευασμένος.
After this, Philip, having helped to establish the decrees of the Amphictyons and having shown friendliness to all, returned to Macedonia, not only having acquired a reputation for piety and strategic excellence, but also having made great preparations for his future increase of power.
§16.60.5ἐπεθύμει γὰρ τῆς Ἑλλάδος ἀποδειχθῆναι στρατηγὸς αὐτοκράτωρ καὶ τὸν πρὸς Πέρσας ἐξενεγκεῖν πόλεμον· ὅπερ καὶ συνέβη γενέσθαι.
For he desired to be appointed commander-in-chief of Greece and to wage war against the Persians; which indeed came to pass.
ἀλλὰ περὶ μὲν τούτων ἐν τοῖς οἰκείοις χρόνοις τὰ κατὰ μέρος ἀναγράψομεν, νῦν δʼ ἐπὶ τὸ συνεχὲς τῆς ἱστορίας τρεψόμεθα.
But concerning these matters we shall write in detail in their proper times, and now we shall turn to the continuation of our history.

Notes

  1. §16.60.1ἔδοξεν οὖν τοῖς συνέδροις — All the infinitives stretching from §16.60.1 to §16.60.3 (μεταδοῦναι, ἔχειν, περιελεῖν, εἶναι, κτήσασθαι, εἶναι, κατασκάψαι, μετοικίσαι, ἔχειν, διεστάναι, φέρειν, τιθέναι, καταπετροκοπῆσαι, κατακαῦσαι, ἀποδόσθαι) depend on the initial main verb ἔδοξεν, expressing the decrees of the council. The subject of these infinitives changes depending on the clause.
  2. §16.60.1τῶν δʼ ἐπὶ Φωκεῦσι τριῶν πόλεων — The preposition ἐπί with the dative here means 'on the side of' or 'in alliance with,' referring to the three cities that had allied themselves with the Phocians, rather than meaning 'in the territory of Phocis'.
  3. §16.60.2οἰκιῶν πεντήκοντα — Genitive of comparison dependent on the comparative πλεῖον, meaning 'having no more than fifty houses'.
  4. §16.60.2μέχρις ἂν ἐκτίσωσι — The conjunction μέχρις ἄν with the subjunctive (ἐκτίσωσι, aorist subjunctive) introduces a temporal clause indicating a future indefinite limit ('until they should have paid back').

Cite this passage

Diodorus Siculus, Bibliotheca Historica §16.60.1-16.60.5. Humanitext Reader, https://reader.humanitext.ai/en/text/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0060.tlg001.humanitext-grc4:16.60.1-16.60.5

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