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Diodorus Siculus · Bibliotheca Historica §16.59.1-16.59.4

End of the Phocian War and Surrender to Philip

Passage 567 of 723 · Greek

Summary

The Phocian War was brought to an end after ten years; Phalaecus and his mercenaries withdrew under an agreement, while the Phocians surrendered to Philip, who referred the final settlement of the war to the Amphictyonic Council.

§16.59.1ἐπʼ ἄρχοντος δʼ Ἀθήνησιν Ἀρχίου Ῥωμαῖοι κατέστησαν ὑπάτους Μάρκον Αἰμίλιον καὶ Τίτον Κοΐνκτιον.
When Archias was archon in Athens, the Romans established Marcus Aemilius and Titus Quinctius as consuls.
ἐπὶ δὲ τούτων ὁ Φωκικὸς πόλεμος, διαμείνας ἔτη δέκα, κατελύθη τόνδε τὸν τρόπον.
During their term of office, the Phocian War, having lasted ten years, was brought to an end in the following manner.
Βοιωτῶν καὶ Φωκέων τεταπεινωμένων διὰ τὸ μῆκος τοῦ πολέμου Φωκεῖς μὲν πρέσβεις ἐξαπέστειλαν εἰς Λακεδαίμονα περὶ βοηθείας, Σπαρτιᾶται δὲ χιλίους ὁπλίτας ἐξέπεμψαν στρατηγὸν ἐπιστήσαντες Ἀρχίδαμον τὸν βασιλέα.
Since both the Boeotians and the Phocians had been weakened by the length of the war, the Phocians dispatched ambassadors to Lacedaemon to ask for aid, and the Spartans sent out a thousand hoplites, having appointed their king, Archidamus, as commander.
§16.59.2Βοιωτῶν δὲ παραπλησίως τούτοις διαπρεσβευσαμένων πρὸς Φίλιππον περὶ συμμαχίας ὁ Φίλιππος παραλαβὼν τοὺς Θετταλοὺς ἧκεν εἰς τὴν Λοκρίδα μετὰ πολλῆς δυνάμεως.
When the Boeotians, in a similar manner to these, sent ambassadors to Philip for an alliance, Philip, having taken the Thessalians along, arrived in Locris with a large force.
καταλαβὼν δὲ Φάλαικον πάλιν τῆς στρατηγίας ἠξιωμένον καὶ τὸ τῶν μισθοφόρων ἔχοντα πλῆθος παρεσκευάζετο παρατάξει κρῖναι τὸν πόλεμον· ὁ δὲ Φάλαικος ἐν τῇ Νικαίᾳ διατρίβων καὶ θεωρῶν αὑτὸν οὐκ ἀξιόμαχον ὄντα διεπρεσβεύσατο πρὸς τὸν βασιλέα περὶ διαλύσεων.
Finding Phalaecus once again restored to the generalship and holding the multitude of mercenaries, he prepared to decide the war by a pitched battle; but Phalaecus, staying in Nicaea and seeing that he was not a match for the enemy, sent ambassadors to the king to treat for terms of settlement.
§16.59.3γενομένης δʼ ὁμολογίας ὥστε τὸν Φάλαικον μετὰ τῶν στρατιωτῶν ἀπελθεῖν ὅποι βούλοιτο, οὗτος μὲν ὑπόσπονδος εἰς τὴν Πελοπόννησον ἀπεχώρησε μετὰ τῶν μισθοφόρων, ὄντων ὀκτακισχιλίων, οἱ δὲ Φωκεῖς συντριβέντες ταῖς ἐλπίσι παρέδωκαν ἑαυτοὺς τῷ Φιλίππῳ.
An agreement having been reached that Phalaecus with his soldiers might depart wherever he wished, he withdrew under truce to the Peloponnese with his mercenaries, who numbered eight thousand; and the Phocians, their hopes utterly shattered, surrendered themselves to Philip.
§16.59.4ὁ δὲ βασιλεὺς ἄνευ μάχης ἀνελπίστως καταλύσας τὸν ἱερὸν πόλεμον συνήδρευε μετὰ Βοιωτῶν καὶ Θετταλῶν.
The king, having ended the Sacred War unexpectedly without a battle, held a council with the Boeotians and Thessalians.
ἔκρινεν οὖν συναγαγεῖν τὸ τῶν Ἀμφικτυόνων συνέδριον καὶ τούτῳ τὴν περὶ τῶν ὅλων διάγνωσιν ἐπιτρέψαι.
He therefore decided to convene the assembly of the Amphictyons and to entrust to this body the determination of the whole matter.

Notes

  1. 16.59.1Βοιωτῶν καὶ Φωκέων τεταπεινωμένων — Genitive absolute construction, expressing the immediate cause or reason for the actions (sending ambassadors) in the main clause.
  2. 16.59.2Φάλαικον πάλιν τῆς στρατηγίας ἠξιωμένον — The participle καταλαβών ('finding') takes the accusative noun with the perfect passive participle ἠξιωμένον as a predicative complement, meaning 'finding that Phalaecus had been restored to the generalship'.
  3. 16.59.3ὥστε τὸν Φάλαικον ... ἀπελθεῖν — An ὥστε clause with an infinitive, functioning appositionally to explain the specific content of the preceding noun ὁμολογίας ('agreement') rather than indicating a result.
  4. 16.59.4τὴν περὶ τῶν ὅλων διάγνωσιν — The prepositional phrase περὶ τῶν ὅλων ('concerning the whole matter') is placed attributively between the article and the noun διάγνωσιν, meaning 'the final determination on all matters'.

Cite this passage

Diodorus Siculus, Bibliotheca Historica §16.59.1-16.59.4. Humanitext Reader, https://reader.humanitext.ai/en/text/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0060.tlg001.humanitext-grc4:16.59.1-16.59.4

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