Humanitext Reader

Diodorus Siculus · Bibliotheca Historica §15.79.1-15.79.6

Theban Naval Campaign and the Destruction of Orchomenus

Passage 491 of 723 · Greek

Summary

Epaminondas expanded the navy and won over Aegean cities to the Theban side. Later, the Thebans discovered a conspiracy for an aristocratic coup in Orchomenus, leading them to destroy the city and enslave its inhabitants.

§15.79.1εὐθὺς οὖν ὁ δῆμος ἐψηφίσατο τριήρεις μὲν ἑκατὸν ναυπηγεῖσθαι, νεώρια δὲ ταύταις ἴσα τὸν ἀριθμόν, Ῥοδίους δὲ καὶ Χίους καὶ Βυζαντίους προτρέπεσθαι βοηθῆσαι ταῖς ἐπιβολαῖς.
Therefore, the people immediately voted to build one hundred triremes, and dockyards equal in number to them, and to urge the Rhodians, Chians, and Byzantines to assist in their undertakings.
αὐτὸς δὲ μετὰ δυνάμεως ἐκπεμφθεὶς ἐπὶ τὰς εἰρημένας πόλεις Λάχητα μὲν τὸν Ἀθηναίων στρατηγόν, ἔχοντα στόλον ἀξιόλογον καὶ διακωλύειν τοὺς Θηβαίους ἀπεσταλμένον, καταπληξάμενος καὶ ἀποπλεῦσαι συναναγκάσας, ἰδίας τὰς πόλεις τοῖς Θηβαίοις ἐποίησεν.
He himself, having been sent out with a force to the aforementioned cities, intimidated Laches, the Athenian general who had been dispatched with a notable fleet to prevent the Thebans, and having forced him to sail away, made the cities allies of the Thebans.
§15.79.2εἰ μὲν οὖν ὁ ἀνὴρ οὗτος πλείω χρόνον ἐπέζησεν, ὡμολογημένως ἂν οἱ Θηβαῖοι τῇ κατὰ γῆν ἡγεμονίᾳ καὶ τὴν τῆς θαλάττης ἀρχὴν προσεκτήσαντο· ἐπεὶ δὲ μετʼ ὀλίγον χρόνον ἐν τῇ περὶ τὴν Μαντίνειαν μάχῃ λαμπροτάτην τὴν νίκην τῇ πατρίδι περιποιήσας ἡρωικῶς ἐτελεύτησεν, εὐθέως καὶ τὰ τῶν Θηβαίων πράγματα τῇ τούτου τελευτῇ συναπέθανεν.
If, indeed, this man had lived a longer time, the Thebans would, by common consent, have acquired the rule of the sea in addition to their hegemony on land; but since a short time later, having secured a most glorious victory for his homeland in the battle of Mantinea, he died a heroic death, immediately the fortunes of the Thebans died along with his death.
ἀλλὰ περὶ μὲν τούτων τὰ κατὰ μέρος μικρὸν ὕστερον ἀκριβῶς διέξιμεν.
However, we shall describe these matters in detail a little later.
§15.79.3τότε δὲ τοῖς Θηβαίοις ἔδοξε στρατεύειν ἐπὶ τὸν Ὀρχομενὸν διὰ τοιαύτας τινὰς αἰτίας. τῶν φυγάδων τινὲς βουλόμενοι τὴν ἐν Θήβαις πολιτείαν εἰς ἀριστοκρατικὴν κατάστασιν μεταστῆσαι, συνέπεισαν τοὺς τῶν Ὀρχομενίων ἱππεῖς, ὄντας τριακοσίους, συνεπιλαβέσθαι τῆς ἐπιβολῆς.
But at that time, the Thebans decided to campaign against Orchomenus for some such reasons as these: certain of the exiles, wishing to change the constitution in Thebes into an aristocratic state, persuaded the cavalrymen of the Orchomenians, being three hundred in number, to take part in the undertaking.
§15.79.4οὗτοι δὲ εἰωθότες μετὰ Θηβαίων ἀπαντᾶν ἡμέρᾳ τεταγμένῃ πρὸς τὴν ἐξοπλισίαν, εἰς ταύτην συνέθεντο ποιήσασθαι τὴν ἐπίθεσιν· πολλῶν δὲ καὶ ἄλλων κοινωνούντων τῆς προθέσεως καὶ προσορμησάντων, ἀπήντησαν πρὸς τὸν καιρόν.
Since these were accustomed to meet with the Thebans on a designated day for review under arms, they agreed to make the attack on this day; and since many others also shared in the purpose and hastened to join them, they arrived at the appointed time.
§15.79.5οἱ μὲν οὖν συστησάμενοι τὴν πρᾶξιν μετανοήσαντες ἐδήλωσαν τοῖς βοιωτάρχαις τὴν ἐπίθεσιν, προδόντες τοὺς συνομόσαντας, καὶ διὰ τῆς εὐεργεσίας ταύτης ἑαυτοῖς ἐπορίσαντο τὴν σωτηρίαν.
Now those who had organized the plot, having repented, revealed the attack to the Boeotarchs, betraying their co-conspirators, and by this service secured safety for themselves.
τῶν δʼ ἀρχόντων συλλαβόντων τοὺς τῶν Ὀρχομενίων ἱππεῖς καὶ παραγαγόν ων εἰς τὴν ἐκκλησίαν, ὁ δῆμος ἐψηφίσατο τούτους μὲν ἀποσφάξαι, τοὺς δʼ Ὀρχομενίους ἐξανδραποδίσασθαι καὶ τὴν πόλιν κατασκάψαι.
When the magistrates had arrested the cavalrymen of the Orchomenians and brought them before the assembly, the people voted to slaughter them, to enslave the Orchomenians, and to raze the city.
ἐκ παλαιῶν γὰρ χρόνων οἱ Θηβαῖοι πρὸς τούτους ἀλλοτρίως διέκειντο, δασμοφοροῦντες μὲν τοῖς Μινύαις ἐν τοῖς ἡρωικοῖς χρόνοις, ὕστερον δʼ ὑφʼ Ἡρακλέους ἐλευθερωθέντες.
For from ancient times the Thebans had been hostilely disposed toward them, since they paid tribute to the Minyans in the heroic times, but were later liberated by Heracles.
§15.79.6οἱ δʼ οὖν Θηβαῖοι καιρὸν ἔχειν νομίσαντες καὶ προφάσεις εὐλόγους τῆς τιμωρίας λαβόντες, ἐστράτευσαν ἐπὶ τὸν Ὀρχομενόν· κατασχόντες δὲ τὴν πόλιν τοὺς μὲν ἄνδρας ἀπέκτειναν, τέκνα δὲ καὶ γυναῖκας ἐξηνδραποδίσαντο.
Therefore, the Thebans, thinking they had an opportunity and having obtained reasonable pretexts for punishment, campaigned against Orchomenus; and having captured the city, they killed the men, and enslaved the children and women.

Notes

  1. §15.79.1ἰδίας — The feminine accusative plural of the adjective ἴδιος is used predicatively with τὰς πόλεις, meaning 'he made the cities private/allies to the Thebans.'
  2. §15.79.2τῇ κατὰ γῆν ἡγεμονίᾳ — A dative governed by the prefix προσ- of the compound verb προσκτάομαι, indicating addition ('in addition to their hegemony on land').
  3. §15.79.4πολλῶν δὲ καὶ ἄλλων κοινωνούντων τῆς προθέσεως καὶ προσορμησάντων — A genitive absolute construction. The present participle κοινωνούντων and the aorist participle προσορμησάντων are coordinated, with the former describing an ongoing state and the latter a completed action.

Cite this passage

Diodorus Siculus, Bibliotheca Historica §15.79.1-15.79.6. Humanitext Reader, https://reader.humanitext.ai/en/text/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0060.tlg001.humanitext-grc4:15.79.1-15.79.6

Please note the AI-draft status of the translation and the date accessed.

Translation, notes and summary are AI-generated drafts, revised through reader feedback.