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Diodorus Siculus · Bibliotheca Historica §15.73.1-15.73.5

Death of Dionysius I and Succession of His Son

Passage 485 of 723 · Greek

Summary

The Sicilian tyrant Dionysius I launched a new war against Carthage, taking advantage of their vulnerability; despite initial successes, he lost most of his fleet due to negligence, and after his subsequent death from illness, his son Dionysius II succeeded him.

§15.73.1κατὰ δὲ τὴν Σικελίαν Διονύσιος ὁ τύραννος ἔχων δυνάμεις ἀξιολόγους, καὶ τοὺς Καρχηδονίους ὁρῶν οὐκ εὖ διακειμένους πρὸς τὸν πόλεμον διά τε τὴν γεγενημένην παρʼ αὐτοῖς λοιμικὴν νόσον καὶ τὴν ἀπόστασιν τῶν Λιβύων, ἔγνω στρατεύειν ἐπʼ αὐτούς.
In Sicily, the tyrant Dionysius, having worthy forces, and seeing that the Carthaginians were not well disposed towards the war both because of the plague that had occurred among them and the revolt of the Libyans, decided to campaign against them.
οὐκ ἔχων δὲ πρόφασιν ἀξιόλογον τῆς διαφορᾶς, προσεποιήθη τοὺς κατὰ τὴν ἐπικράτειαν Φοίνικας ἐπιβεβηκέναι τῆς ὑπʼ αὐτὸν χώρας.
But since he did not have a worthy pretext for the dispute, he pretended that the Phoenicians in their territory had encroached upon the territory under his rule.
§15.73.2παρασκευασάμενος οὖν πεζοὺς μὲν τρισμυρίους, ἱππεῖς δὲ τρισχιλίους, τριήρεις δὲ τριακοσίας καὶ τὴν ἁρμόζουσαν τῇ δυνάμει ταύτῃ παρασκευήν, ἐνέβαλεν εἰς τὴν ὑπὸ Καρχηδονίους χώραν.
Therefore, having prepared thirty thousand infantry, three thousand cavalry, three hundred triremes, and the equipment fitting for this force, he invaded the territory under the Carthaginians.
καὶ Σελινοῦντα μὲν καὶ Ἔντελλαν εὐθὺς προσηγάγετο, καὶ τὴν χώραν πᾶσαν πορθήσας καὶ τῆς πόλεως τῶν Ἐρυκίνων ἐγκρατὴς γενόμενος ἐπολιόρκησε Λιλύβαιον· πολλῶν δʼ ὄντων ἐν αὐτῷ στρατιωτῶν τὴν πολιορκίαν ἔλυσεν.
And he immediately brought Selinus and Entella over to his side, and having plundered the entire territory and having become master of the city of the Erycini, he besieged Lilybaeum; but as there were many soldiers in it, he raised the siege.
§15.73.3ἀκούσας δὲ τὰ νεώρια τῶν Καρχηδονίων ἐμπεπρῆσθαι, καὶ δόξας πάντα τὸν στόλον αὐτῶν διεφθάρθαι, κατεφρόνησε, καὶ τῶν ἰδίων τριήρων ἑκατὸν μὲν καὶ τριάκοντα τὰς ἀρίστας ἀπέστειλεν εἰς τὸν τῶν Ἐρυκίνων λιμένα, τὰς δʼ ἄλλας ἁπάσας ἐξέπεμψεν εἰς τὰς Συρακούσας.
But having heard that the dockyards of the Carthaginians had been burned, and thinking that their entire fleet had been destroyed, he became negligent, and of his own triremes he sent the best hundred and thirty to the harbor of the Erycini, and dispatched all the others to Syracuse.
§15.73.4οἱ δὲ Καρχηδόνιοι παραδόξως διακοσίας ναῦς πληρώσαντες ἐπέπλευσαν ταῖς ὁρμούσαις ἐν τῷ λιμένι τῶν Ἐρυκίνων· ἀνελπίστου δὲ τῆς ἐπιθέσεως γενομένης ἀπήγαγον τῶν τριήρων τὰς πλείστας.
But the Carthaginians, unexpectedly having manned two hundred ships, sailed against those anchored in the harbor of the Erycini; and as the attack was unexpected, they carried off most of the triremes.
μετὰ δὲ ταῦτα τοῦ χειμῶνος ἐνστάντος ἀνοχὰς ποιησάμενοι διεχωρίσθησαν εἰς τὰς οἰκείας ἑκάτεροι πόλεις.
After this, when winter set in, having made a truce, they separated, each to their own cities.
§15.73.5μετʼ ὀλίγον δὲ χρόνον Διονύσιος εἰς ἀρρωστίαν ἐμπεσὼν ἐτελεύτησε, δυναστεύσας ἔτη τριάκοντα καὶ ὀκτώ· τὴν δὲ ἀρχὴν διαδεξάμενος ὁ υἱὸς Διονύσιος ἐτυράννευσεν ἔτη δώδεκα.
A short time after, Dionysius fell into an illness and died, having ruled for thirty-eight years; and his son Dionysius, having succeeded to the rule, ruled as tyrant for twelve years.

Notes

  1. §15.73.1προσεποιήθη — The verb προσεποιέομαι (to pretend, claim falsely) takes an accusative with infinitive construction (τοὺς ... Φοίνικας ἐπιβεβηκέναι), meaning 'he pretended that the Phoenicians... had encroached'.
  2. §15.73.1ἐπιβεβηκέναι τῆς ὑπʼ αὐτὸν χώρας — The perfect infinitive ἐπιβεβηκέναι (to have encroached upon) derives from the verb ἐπιβαίνω which governs the genitive case, thus taking τῆς ... χώρας as its object.
  3. §15.73.2πολλῶν δʼ ὄντων ἐν αὐτῷ στρατιωτῶν — A genitive absolute construction, presenting a subject (πολλῶν στρατιωτῶν) different from that of the main clause (Dionysius), indicating the cause or reason for raising the siege ('since there were many soldiers').
  4. §15.73.4ἀνελπίστου δὲ τῆς ἐπιθέσεως γενομένης — A genitive absolute construction where the noun τῆς ἐπιθέσεως acts as the subject and the adjective ἀνελπίστου is used predicatively, expressing the reason: 'as the attack was unexpected'.

Cite this passage

Diodorus Siculus, Bibliotheca Historica §15.73.1-15.73.5. Humanitext Reader, https://reader.humanitext.ai/en/text/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0060.tlg001.humanitext-grc4:15.73.1-15.73.5

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