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Diodorus Siculus · Bibliotheca Historica §14.78.1-14.78.7

Dionysius Pacifies Mercenaries and Expands in Sicily

Passage 372 of 723 · Greek

Summary

Dionysius pacified his mutinous mercenaries by giving them the territory of Leontini and resettled exiled Messenians in Messene, though Spartan pressure forced them to move to the newly founded Tyndaris. He then expanded his influence in Sicily by capturing or allying with various Sicel cities.

§14.78.1Διονύσιος δὲ θεωρῶν τοὺς μισθοφόρους ἀλλοτριώτατα πρὸς αὐτὸν ἔχοντας, καὶ φοβούμενος μὴ διὰ τούτων καταλυθῇ, τὸ μὲν πρῶτον Ἀριστοτέλην τὸν ἀφηγούμενον αὐτῶν συνέλαβε,
But Dionysius, seeing that the mercenaries were most hostilely disposed toward him, and fearing lest he should be overthrown by them, at first arrested Aristoteles, who was their leader.
§14.78.2μετὰ δὲ ταῦτα τοῦ πλήθους συντρέχοντος μετὰ τῶν ὅπλων καὶ τοὺς μισθοὺς πικρότερον ἀπαιτούντων, τὸν μὲν Ἀριστοτέλην ἔφησεν ἀποστέλλειν εἰς Λακεδαίμονα κρίσιν ἐν τοῖς ἰδίοις πολίταις ὑφέξοντα, τοῖς δὲ μισθοφόροις ὡς μυρίοις οὖσι τὸν ἀριθμὸν ἔδωκεν ἐν τοῖς μισθοῖς τὴν τῶν Λεοντίνων πόλιν τε καὶ χώραν.
But after this, when the multitude ran together with their weapons and demanded their pay more bitterly, he said that he was sending Aristoteles to Lacedaemon to undergo trial among his own citizens, and to the mercenaries, who were about ten thousand in number, he gave the city and territory of the Leontines in lieu of their pay.
§14.78.3ἀσμένως δʼ αὐτῶν ὑπακουσάντων διὰ τὸ κάλλος τῆς χώρας, οὗτοι μὲν κατακληρουχήσαντες ᾤκουν ἐν Λεοντίνοις, ὁ δὲ Διονύσιος ἄλλους μισθοφόρους ξενολογήσας, τούτοις τε καὶ τοῖς ἠλευθερωμένοις οἰκέταις ἐνεπίστευσε τὴν ἀρχήν.
And since they gladly complied because of the beauty of the land, these, having distributed the land by lot, dwelt in Leontini, while Dionysius, having recruited other mercenaries, entrusted his rule to them and to the liberated slaves.
§14.78.4μετὰ δὲ τὴν τῶν Καρχηδονίων συμφορὰν οἱ διασωζόμενοι τῶν ἐξηνδραποδισμένων κατὰ Σικελίαν πόλεων ἠθροίζοντο, καὶ τὰς ἰδίας κομιζόμενοι πατρίδας ἑαυτοὺς ἀνελάμβανον.
And after the disaster of the Carthaginians, the survivors of the cities in Sicily that had been enslaved gathered together, and recovering their own homelands, they restored themselves.
§14.78.5Διονύσιος δʼ εἰς Μεσσήνην κατῴκισε χιλίους μὲν Λοκρούς, τετρακισχιλίους δὲ Μεδμαίους, ἑξακοσίους δὲ τῶν ἐκ Πελοποννήσου Μεσσηνίων, ἔκ τε Ζακύνθου καὶ Ναυπάκτου φευγόντων.
And Dionysius settled in Messene one thousand Locrians, four thousand Medmaeans, and six hundred of the Messenians from the Peloponnese who were exiles from Zacynthus and Naupactus.
θεωρῶν δὲ τοὺς Λακεδαιμονίους προσκόπτοντας ἐπὶ τῷ τοὺς ὑφʼ ἑαυτῶν ἐκβεβλημένους Μεσσηνίους ἐν ἐπισήμῳ πόλει κατοικίζεσθαι, μετήγαγεν ἐκ Μεσσήνης αὐτούς, καὶ χωρίον τι παρὰ θάλατταν δοὺς τῆς Ἀβακαινίνης χώρας ἀπετέμετο καὶ προσώρισεν ὅσον αὐτὸς μέρος ἀπετέμετο.
But seeing that the Lacedaemonians were displeased that the Messenians, who had been expelled by them, should be settled in a distinguished city, he removed them from Messene, and giving them a certain place by the sea, he cut off a portion of the territory of Abacaenum and annexed it as their boundary, as much as he himself had cut off.
§14.78.6οἱ δὲ Μεσσήνιοι τὴν μὲν πόλιν ὠνόμασαν Τυνδαρίδα, πολιτευόμενοι δὲ πρὸς αὑτοὺς εὐνοϊκῶς καὶ πολλοὺς πολιτογραφοῦντες ταχὺ πλείους πεντακισχιλίων ἐγένοντο.
And the Messenians named the city Tyndaris, and governing themselves harmoniously and registering many as citizens, they quickly became more than five thousand in number.
§14.78.7μετὰ δὲ ταῦτα εἰς τὴν τῶν Σικελῶν χώραν πλεονάκις στρατεύσας Μέναινον μὲν καὶ Μοργαντῖνον εἷλε, πρὸς Ἄγυριν δὲ τὸν Ἀγυριναίων τύραννον καὶ Δάμωνα τὸν δυναστεύοντα Κεντοριπίνων, ἔτι δʼ Ἑρβιταίους τε καὶ Ἀσσωρίνους συνθήκας ἐποιήσατο· παρέλαβε δὲ διὰ προδοσίας Κεφαλοίδιον καὶ Σολοῦντα καὶ τὴν Ἔνναν· πρὸς δὲ τούτοις πρὸς Ἑρβησσίνους εἰρήνην ἐποιήσατο.
And after this, having campaigned many times into the territory of the Sicels, he took Menainon and Morgantinon, and made treaties with Agyris the tyrant of Agyrium and Damon the ruler of Centuripa, and furthermore with the Herbitaeans and Assorinians; and he took over Cephaloedium, Solus, and Enna through betrayal; in addition to these, he made peace with the Herbessians.
καὶ τὰ μὲν κατὰ Σικελίαν ἐν τούτοις ἦν.
Such was the state of affairs in Sicily.

Notes

  1. 14.78.1ἀλλοτριώτατα ... ἔχοντας — The verb ἔχω with an adverb (here the superlative adverb ἀλλοτριώτατα) means 'to be in a certain state or condition.' The noun phrase τοὺς μισθοφόρους serves as the subject of the participle ἔχοντας, forming a participle construction in the accusative expressing the object of perception after θεωρῶν.
  2. 14.78.2ὡς μυρίοις οὖσι τὸν ἀριθμὸν — The conjunction ὡς modifying the dative participle οὖσι expresses a subjective estimate or nominal characterization ('being approximately...'). The phrase τὸν ἀριθμὸν is an accusative of specification ('in number'), with the entire phrase modifying τοῖς μισθοφόροις.
  3. 14.78.5ἐπὶ τῷ τοὺς ὑφʼ ἑαυτῶν ἐκβεβλημένους Μεσσηνίους ἐν ἐπισήμῳ πόλει κατοικίζεσθαι — The preposition ἐπὶ constructed with the dative articular infinitive τῷ ... κατοικίζεσθαι expresses the cause or ground of an emotion (displeasure). The accusative phrase τοὺς ... Μεσσηνίους functions as the subject of the passive infinitive κατοικίζεσθαι ('that the Messenians ... should be settled').

Cite this passage

Diodorus Siculus, Bibliotheca Historica §14.78.1-14.78.7. Humanitext Reader, https://reader.humanitext.ai/en/text/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0060.tlg001.humanitext-grc4:14.78.1-14.78.7

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