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Diodorus Siculus · Bibliotheca Historica §14.67.1-14.67.4

Ancestral Valor and the Call to Rise Against Dionysius

Passage 361 of 723 · Greek

Summary

Theodorus points to the historic precedents of Syracusans defeating powerful enemies like the Athenians to preserve freedom, criticizes the current submission to Dionysius's commands, and urges them to rise up now that they hold weapons.

§14.67.1καὶ ποῦ τὸ φιλελεύθερον τῶν Συρακοσίων;
And where is the love of freedom of the Syracusans?
ποῦ δʼ αἱ τῶν προγόνων πράξεις;
And where are the deeds of our ancestors?
ἐῶ τὰς ἐφʼ Ἱμέρᾳ τριάκοντα μυριάδας ἄρδην ἀναιρεθείσας Καρχηδονίων, παρίημι τὴν τῶν μετὰ Γέλωνα τυράννων κατάλυσιν· ἀλλʼ ἐχθὲς καὶ πρῴην, Ἀθηναίων τηλικαύταις δυνάμεσιν ἐπὶ Συρακούσας στρατευσάντων, οἱ πατέρες ἡμῶν οὐδὲ τὸν ἀπαγγελοῦντα τὴν συμφορὰν ἀπέλιπον.
I pass over the three hundred thousand Carthaginians who were utterly destroyed at Himera, and I omit the overthrow of the tyrants who succeeded Gelon; but only yesterday or the day before, when the Athenians campaigned against Syracuse with such great forces, our fathers did not leave behind even a single person to report the disaster.
§14.67.2ἡμεῖς δὲ τηλικαῦτʼ ἔχοντες πατέρων παραδείγματʼ ἀρετῆς, τοῦ Διονυσίου προστάγμασιν ὑπακούομεν, καὶ ταῦτα τῶν ὅπλων ὄντες κύριοι;
Yet do we, who possess such examples of our fathers' virtue, obey the commands of Dionysius, and that too when we are masters of our weapons?
θεῶν γάρ τις πρόνοια μετὰ τῶν συμμάχων ἐν τοῖς ὅπλοις ἡμᾶς συνήγαγε πρὸς τὸ τὴν ἐλευθερίαν ἀνακτήσασθαι, καὶ πάρεστι τήμερον ἄνδρας ἀγαθοὺς γενομένους καὶ συμφρονήσαντας ἀπαλλαγῆναι τῆς βαρείας ἀνάγκης.
For some providence of the gods has gathered us together in arms along with our allies to regain our freedom, and today it is possible for us, by becoming brave men and being of one mind, to be delivered from this heavy necessity.
§14.67.3τὸν μὲν γὰρ ἔμπροσθεν χρόνον παρωπλισμένοι καὶ ἔρημοι συμμάχων ὄντες, τῷ δὲ τῶν μισθοφόρων πλήθει τηρούμενοι, σχεδὸν εἴκομεν τῷ τῆς ἀνάγκης καιρῷ· νῦν δὲ τῶν ὅπλων κυριεύοντες καὶ τοὺς συμμάχους ἅμα βοηθοὺς καὶ θεατὰς ἔχοντες τῆς ἀρετῆς, μὴ παραχωρήσωμεν ἀλλὰ ποιήσωμεν φανερόν, ὡς διὰ καιρόν, οὐ διʼ ἀνανδρίαν ὑπεμείναμεν δουλεύειν.
For in the former time, being disarmed and destitute of allies, and watched by the multitude of mercenaries, we virtually yielded to the occasion of necessity; but now, since we are masters of our weapons and have our allies at once as helpers and spectators of our virtue, let us not give way, but let us make it clear that it was because of the occasion, and not through cowardice, that we endured to be slaves.
§14.67.4οὐκ αἰσχυνόμεθα τῶν πολέμων ἔχοντες ἡγεμόνα τὸν τὰ κατὰ τὴν πόλιν ἱερὰ σεσυληκότα, καὶ τηλικούτων πραγμάτων ποιοῦντες προστάτην, ᾧ βίον ἰδιωτικὸν οὐδεὶς ἂν εὖ φρονῶν διοικεῖν ἐπιτρέψειεν;
Are we not ashamed of having as leader of our wars the man who has plundered the temples in the city, and of making the protector of such great affairs a man to whom no one in his right mind would entrust the management of a private life?
καὶ τῶν ἄλλων ἐν τοῖς πολέμοις μάλιστα τηρούντων τὰ πρὸς τοὺς θεοὺς ὅσια διὰ τὸ μέγεθος τῶν κινδύνων, ἡμεῖς τὸν ἐπʼ ἀσεβείᾳ διωνομασμένον ἐλπίζομεν καταλύσειν τὸν πόλεμον;
And while others in wars especially observe their sacred duties toward the gods because of the magnitude of the dangers, do we expect that a man notorious for impiety will bring the war to an end?

Notes

  1. 14.67.1ἐῶ — A rhetorical device of preterition (paraleipsis), where the speaker claims to pass over or omit important facts (the destruction of the Carthaginians at Himera) while actually mentioning them to emphasize their importance. The following verb `παρίημι` serves the same function.
  2. 14.67.2καὶ ταῦτα — An adverbial accusative phrase used with a participle (`ὄντες`) to express concession or contrast, meaning "and that too, although..." or "especially when...". It emphasizes the contradiction between obeying Dionysius and being in possession of their own weapons.
  3. 14.67.2πάρεστι — Used impersonally, meaning "it is possible" or "it is permitted." The subject of the infinitive `ἀπαλλαγῆναι` ("to be delivered") is represented by the accusative participles `ἄνδρας ἀγαθοὺς γενομένους καὶ συμφρονήσαντας` ("becoming brave men and being of one mind").
  4. 14.67.4αἰσχυνόμεθα — The verb `αἰσχύνομαι` with an infinitive means "to be ashamed to do something," but with a participle (here `ἔχοντες` and `ποιοῦντες`) it means "to be ashamed of doing something" or "to be ashamed that one is doing something."

Cite this passage

Diodorus Siculus, Bibliotheca Historica §14.67.1-14.67.4. Humanitext Reader, https://reader.humanitext.ai/en/text/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0060.tlg001.humanitext-grc4:14.67.1-14.67.4

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