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Diodorus Siculus · Bibliotheca Historica §14.57.1-14.57.6

Himilco's Capture of Messene and Preparation Against Syracuse

Passage 351 of 723 · Greek

Summary

Himilco takes advantage of the vulnerable defense of Messene to dispatch a fleet and capture the city. Many of the inhabitants perish or flee, and after failing to capture the surrounding fortresses, Himilco prepares for his march on Syracuse.

§14.57.1περὶ ταῦτα δʼ ὄντων αὐτῶν, Ἰμίλκων θεωρῶν ἐκβοηθοῦντας τοὺς Μεσσηνίους περὶ τὴν ἀπόβασιν, ἀπέστειλε τῶν νεῶν διακοσίας ἐπὶ τὴν πόλιν· ἤλπιζε γάρ, ὅπερ ἦν εἰκός, τῶν στρατιωτῶν τὴν ἀπόβασιν κωλυόντων τοὺς ἐν ταῖς ναυσὶ κυριεύσειν ῥᾳδίως τῆς Μεσσήνης οὔσης ἐρήμου τῶν ἀμυνομένων.
While they were occupied with these matters, Himilco, seeing the Messenians marching out to defend the landing place, dispatched two hundred of his ships against the city; for he hoped, as was natural, that while the soldiers were preventing the landing, those in the ships would easily make themselves masters of Messene, which was destitute of defenders.
§14.57.2πνεύσαντος δὲ βορέου τὰς μὲν ναῦς συνέβη ταχέως πλήρεσι τοῖς ἱστίοις εἰς τὸν λιμένα κατενεχθῆναι, τοὺς δʼ ἐπὶ τῇ Πελωρίδι παραφυλάττοντας Μεσσηνίους ὑστερῆσαι τῆς τῶν νεῶν παρουσίας, καίπερ κατὰ σπουδὴν ἐπειγομένους.
But when a north wind blew, it happened that the ships were swiftly carried into the harbor under full sail, whereas the Messenians who were keeping watch at Peloris, although they hastened with speed, fell behind the arrival of the ships.
§14.57.3διόπερ οἱ Καρχηδόνιοι περιστρατοπεδεύσαντες τὴν Μεσσήνην καὶ διὰ τῶν πεπτωκότων τειχῶν εἰσβιασάμενοι τῆς πόλεως ἐκυρίευσαν.
Therefore, the Carthaginians, having encamped around Messene and forced their way in through the collapsed walls, made themselves masters of the city.
§14.57.4τῶν δὲ Μεσσηνίων οἱ μὲν μαχόμενοι γενναίως ἀνῃρέθησαν, οἱ δʼ εἰς τὰς ἐγγυτάτω κειμένας πόλεις ἔφυγον, ὁ δὲ πολὺς ὄχλος διὰ τῶν παρακειμένων ὀρῶν ὁρμήσας εἰς τὰ κατὰ τὴν χώραν φρούρια διεσπάρη·
Of the Messenians, some were slain fighting bravely, and others fled to the nearest cities, but the great multitude, rushing through the neighboring mountains, dispersed into the fortresses throughout the countryside.
§14.57.5τῶν δὲ ἄλλων τινὲς μὲν ὑπὸ τῶν πολεμίων συνελαμβάνοντο, τινὲς δὲ ἀποληφθέντες εἰς τὸ πρὸς τὸν λιμένα μέρος ἔρριψαν ἑαυτοὺς εἰς τὴν θάλατταν, ἐλπίζοντες διανήξασθαι τὸν μεταξὺ πόρον.
Of the rest, some were captured by the enemy, and others, being cut off in the area near the harbor, threw themselves into the sea, hoping to swim across the strait between.
τούτων δὲ ὄντων πλειόνων ἢ διακοσίων, οἱ πλεῖστοι μὲν ὑπὸ τοῦ ῥοῦ διεφθάρησαν, πεντήκοντα δὲ πρὸς τὴν Ἰταλίαν διεσώθησαν.
These being more than two hundred, most of them perished by the current, but fifty escaped safe to Italy.
§14.57.6Ἰμίλκων δὲ τὴν δύναμιν ἅπασαν μεταγαγὼν εἰς τὴν πόλιν, τὸ μὲν πρῶτον ἐπεχείρησε πορθεῖν τὰ κατὰ τὴν χώραν φρούρια, τούτων δʼ ὀχυρῶν ὄντων, καὶ τῶν εἰς αὐτὰ συμπεφευγότων γενναίως ἀγωνιζομένων, ἀνέστρεψεν εἰς τὴν πόλιν, ἀδυνατήσας αὐτῶν κυριεῦσαι.
Himilco, having transferred his entire force into the city, at first attempted to plunder the fortresses throughout the countryside, but since these were strong, and those who had fled into them fought bravely, he returned to the city, being unable to make himself master of them.
μετὰ δὲ ταῦτα τήν τε δύναμιν ἀνελάμβανε καὶ παρεσκευάζετο τὴν πορείαν ἐπὶ Συρακούσας ποιεῖσθαι.
After this, he refreshed his force and prepared to make his march against Syracuse.

Notes

  1. 14.57.1τῶν στρατιωτῶν τὴν ἀπόβασιν κωλυόντων — A genitive absolute construction expressing the temporal or circumstantial background ('while the soldiers were preventing the landing') to the subsequent infinitive clause τοὺς ἐν ταῖς ναυσὶ κυριεύσειν ('that those in the ships would make themselves masters of'). The subsequent οὔσης ἐρήμου is a participle phrase agreeing with the genitive object of the infinitive, resulting in a highly layered syntax.
  2. 14.57.2συνέβη — An impersonal verb meaning 'it happened that' or 'the result was that.' Here it governs two infinitive clauses contrasted by mén and dé: τὰς μὲν ναῦς ... κατενεχθῆναι ('the ships were carried') and τοὺς δʼ ... Μεσσηνίους ὑστερῆσαι ('the Messenians fell behind'), functioning syntactically as the main verb.
  3. 14.57.6αὐτῶν — The genitive plural form of the pronoun autós, which is used here because the governing infinitive kyrieûsai ('to master, capture') takes a genitive object. Its antecedent is the neuter plural phrase tà katà tḕn chṓran phroúria ('the fortresses throughout the countryside') in the preceding clause.

Cite this passage

Diodorus Siculus, Bibliotheca Historica §14.57.1-14.57.6. Humanitext Reader, https://reader.humanitext.ai/en/text/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0060.tlg001.humanitext-grc4:14.57.1-14.57.6

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