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Diodorus Siculus · Bibliotheca Historica §14.50.1-14.50.4

Himilco's Attack at Motya and Defense by Catapults

Passage 344 of 723 · Greek

Summary

The Carthaginian admiral Himilco launches a surprise attack on Motya upon hearing that Dionysius had beached his ships, but Dionysius saves his fleet by dragging the vessels across land to the open sea and repels Himilco's forces using newly invented catapults.

§14.50.1περὶ δὲ τοῦτον τὸν χρόνον Ἰμίλκων ὁ τῶν Καρχηδονίων ναύαρχος ἀκούσας ὅτι Διονύσιος ἐνεώλκησε τὰς ναῦς, εὐθὺς ἐπλήρου τὰς ἀρίστας τῶν τριήρων ἑκατόν· ὑπελάμβανε γὰρ ἀπροσδοκήτως ἐπιφανεὶς ῥᾳδίως κρατήσειν τῶν νενεωλκημένων ἐν τῷ λιμένι σκαφῶν, κυριεύων τῆς θαλάττης· τοῦτο δὲ πράξας ἐνόμιζε τήν τε τῆς Μοτύης πολιορκίαν λύσειν καὶ τὸν πόλεμον μετάξειν ἐπὶ τὴν τῶν Συρακοσίων πόλιν.
About this time Himilco, the admiral of the Carthaginians, having heard that Dionysius had hauled his ships up on shore, immediately manned one hundred of his best triremes; for he assumed that, appearing unexpectedly, he would easily master the vessels that had been hauled up in the harbor, since he was master of the sea; and by doing this, he believed he would both raise the siege of Motya and transfer the war to the city of the Syracusans.
§14.50.2ἐκπλεύσας οὖν μετὰ νεῶν ἑκατὸν κατήχθη ἐπὶ τὴν τῶν Σελινουντίων χώραν νυκτός, καὶ περιπλεύσας τὴν περὶ Λιλύβαιον ἄκραν ἅμʼ ἡμέρᾳ παρῆν ἐπὶ τὴν Μοτύην.
Having sailed out, therefore, with a hundred ships, he came to land at night in the territory of the Selinuntians, and having rounded the promontory of Lilybaeum, at daybreak he was present at Motya.
ἀνελπίστως δʼ ἐπιφανεὶς τοῖς πολεμίοις τῶν παρορμούντων πλοίων τὰ μὲν συνέτριψε, τὰ δʼ ἔκαυσεν, οὐ δυναμένων βοηθεῖν τῶν περὶ Διονύσιον.
Appearing unexpectedly to the enemy, of the ships anchored there, some he shattered and others he burned, while Dionysius and his men were unable to bring help.
§14.50.3μετὰ δὲ ταῦτʼ εἰσπλεύσας εἰς τὸν λιμένα διέταξε τὰς ναῦς ὡς ἐπιθησόμενος ταῖς νενεωλκημέναις ὑπὸ τῶν πολεμίων.
After this, having sailed into the harbor, he drew up his ships as if to attack those that had been hauled up by the enemy.
Διονύσιος δὲ συναγαγὼν τὴν δύναμιν ἐπὶ τὸ στόμα τοῦ λιμένος, καὶ θεωρῶν τοὺς πολεμίους τὸν ἐκ τοῦ λιμένος ἔκπλουν παραφυλάττοντας, εὐλαβεῖτο καθέλκειν εἰς τὸν λιμένα τὰ σκάφη· οὐ γὰρ ἠγνόει διότι στενοῦ τοῦ στόματος ὄντος ἀναγκαῖον ἦν ὀλίγαις ναυσὶ πρὸς πολλαπλασίους διακινδυνεύειν.
Dionysius, however, having gathered his force at the mouth of the harbor and seeing that the enemy were guarding the exit from the harbor, was cautious about launching his vessels into the harbor; for he was not ignorant that, since the mouth was narrow, it would be necessary to run risks with a few ships against many times more.
§14.50.4διόπερ τῷ πλήθει τῶν στρατιωτῶν ῥᾳδίως διελκύσας τὰ σκάφη διὰ τῆς γῆς εἰς τὴν ἐκτὸς τοῦ λιμένος θάλατταν διέσωσε τὰς ναῦς.
Therefore, by means of the multitude of his soldiers, having easily hauled the vessels across the land into the sea outside the harbor, he saved his ships.
Ἰμίλκων δὲ ταῖς πρώταις τριήρεσιν ἐπιθέμενος τῷ πλήθει τῶν βελῶν ἀνείργετο· ἐπὶ μὲν γὰρ τῶν νεῶν ἐπεβεβήκει πλῆθος τοξοτῶν καὶ σφενδονητῶν, ἀπὸ δὲ τῆς γῆς τοῖς ὀξυβελέσι καταπέλταις οἱ Συρακόσιοι χρώμενοι συχνοὺς τῶν πολεμίων ἀνῄρουν· καὶ γὰρ κατάπληξιν εἶχε μεγάλην τοῦτο τὸ βέλος διὰ τὸ πρώτως εὑρεθῆναι κατʼ ἐκεῖνον τὸν καιρόν· ὥστε Ἰμίλκων οὐ δυνάμενος κρατῆσαι τῆς ἐπιβολῆς ἀπέπλευσεν εἰς τὴν Λιβύην, ναυμαχεῖν οὐ κρίνων συμφέρειν διὰ τὸ διπλασίας εἶναι τὰς ναῦς τῶν πολεμίων.
Himilco, attacking with his first triremes, was held back by the multitude of missiles; for upon the ships had embarked a multitude of archers and slingers, and from the land the Syracusans, using bolt-shooting catapults, slew many of the enemy; for indeed this missile caused great consternation because it had been invented for the first time at that period; so that Himilco, unable to achieve his attempt, sailed away to Libya, judging it not advantageous to fight a naval battle because the ships of the enemy were twice as many.

Notes

  1. 14.50.1κρατήσειν τῶν νενεωλκημένων ἐν τῷ λιμένι σκαφῶν — The future infinitive κρατήσειν is used in indirect discourse depending on ὑπελάμβανε ('he assumed'). The verb κρατέω ('to master, conquer') regularly governs the genitive case, which explains the genitive plural form of the object τῶν νενεωλκημένων... σκαφῶν.
  2. 14.50.2τῶν περὶ Διονύσιον — The phrase οἱ περὶ [Accusative] is a common classical and Hellenistic idiom. Here in the genitive absolute construction (with οὐ δυναμένων βοηθεῖν), it functions as the subject, referring to Dionysius and his army/associates collectively, who were unable to bring aid from the land.
  3. 14.50.4τῷ πλήθει τῶν στρατιωτῶν — The dative τῷ πλήθει functions as a dative of means or instrument, modifying the aorist active participle διελκύσας ('having hauled'). It denotes the means ('by means of the multitude of his soldiers') by which Dionysius was able to accomplish the arduous task of dragging the ships across the land.

Cite this passage

Diodorus Siculus, Bibliotheca Historica §14.50.1-14.50.4. Humanitext Reader, https://reader.humanitext.ai/en/text/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0060.tlg001.humanitext-grc4:14.50.1-14.50.4

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