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Diodorus Siculus · Bibliotheca Historica §13.86.1-13.86.5

Plague in the Carthaginian Camp and the Syracusan Relief Army

Passage 265 of 723 · Greek

Summary

The Carthaginian army demolishes tombs to construct siege mounds but faces divine portents, plague, and Hannibal's death, prompting Himilco to offer sacrifices before resuming. Meanwhile, the Syracusans, fearing for Acragas, assemble a massive allied relief force under Daphnaeus and begin their march.

§13.86.1οἱ δὲ περὶ τὸν Ἀννίβαν σπεύδοντες κατὰ πλείονα μέρη τὰς προσβολὰς ποιεῖσθαι, παρήγγειλαν τοῖς στρατιώταις καθαιρεῖν τὰ μνήματα καὶ χώματα κατασκευάζειν μέχρι τῶν τειχῶν.
Meanwhile, Hannibal and his staff, eager to launch assaults from several directions, ordered the soldiers to demolish the tombs and construct mounds reaching up to the walls.
ταχὺ δὲ τῶν ἔργων διὰ τὴν πολυχειρίαν συντελουμένων ἐνέπεσεν εἰς τὸ στρατόπεδον πολλὴ δεισιδαιμονία.
But while the works were being completed rapidly due to the large number of hands, a deep superstitious fear fell upon the camp.
§13.86.2τὸν γὰρ τοῦ Θήρωνος τάφον ὄντα καθʼ ὑπερβολὴν μέγαν συνέβαινεν ὑπὸ κεραυνοῦ διασεῖσθαι· διόπερ αὐτοῦ καθαιρουμένου τῶν τε μάντεών τινες προνοήσαντες διεκώλυσαν, εὐθὺ δὲ καὶ λοιμὸς ἐνέπεσεν εἰς τὸ στρατόπεδον, καὶ πολλοὶ μὲν ἐτελεύτων, οὐκ ὀλίγοι δὲ στρέβλαις καὶ δειναῖς ταλαιπωρίαις περιέπιπτον.
For it happened that the tomb of Theron, which was exceedingly large, was struck and shaken by a thunderbolt; therefore, while it was being demolished, some of the seers foresaw the omen and forbade it, and immediately a plague also fell upon the camp, and many died, while not a few were afflicted with convulsions and terrible sufferings.
§13.86.3ἀπέθανε δὲ καὶ Ἀννίβας ὁ στρατηγός, καὶ τῶν ἐπὶ τὰς φυλακὰς προπεμπομένων ἤγγελλόν τινες διὰ νυκτὸς εἴδωλα φαίνεσθαι τῶν τετελευτηκότων.
The general Hannibal also died, and some of those sent out on guard duty reported that during the night the ghosts of the deceased appeared.
Ἰμίλκας δὲ θεωρῶν τὰ πλήθη δεισιδαιμονοῦντα πρῶτον μὲν ἐπαύσατο καθαιρῶν τὰ μνημεῖα, μετὰ δὲ ταῦτα ἱκέτευε τοὺς θεοὺς κατὰ τὸ πάτριον ἔθος τῷ μὲν Κρόνῳ παῖδα σφαγιάσας, τῷ δὲ Ποσειδῶνι πλῆθος ἱερείων καταποντίσας.
Himilco, seeing that the multitude was superstitious, first stopped demolishing the tombs, and after this, he placated the gods according to ancestral custom, sacrificing a boy to Cronus, and drowning a multitude of victims in the sea for Poseidon.
οὐ μὴν ἀπέστη γε τῶν ἔργων, ἀλλὰ χώσας τὸν παρὰ τὴν πόλιν ποταμὸν μέχρι τῶν τειχῶν ἐπέστησε πάσας τὰς μηχανὰς καὶ καθʼ ἡμέραν προσβολὰς ἐποιεῖτο.
Nevertheless, he did not abandon the works, but having dammed up the river flowing by the city up to the walls, he stationed all his engines there and made assaults daily.
§13.86.4οἱ δὲ Συρακόσιοι θεωροῦντες τὴν Ἀκράγαντος πολιορκίαν, καὶ φοβούμενοι μὴ τῆς αὐτῆς τοῖς Σελινουντίοις καὶ τοῖς Ἱμεραίοις τύχωσιν οἱ πολιορκούμενοι τύχης, πάλαι μὲν ἔσπευδον ἐκπέμψαι τὴν βοήθειαν, τότε δὲ παραγενομένων τῶν ἐξ Ἰταλίας καὶ Μεσσήνης συμμάχων στρατηγὸν Λαφναῖον εἵλαντο.
The Syracusans, for their part, watching the siege of Acragas and fearing lest the besieged should meet with the same fate as the Selinuntines and the Himeraeans, had long been eager to send aid; and at that time, when the allies from Italy and Messene arrived, they chose Daphnaeus as general.
§13.86.5τὴν δὲ δύναμιν ἀθροίσαντες παρέλαβον κατὰ τὴν ὁδὸν Καμαριναίους καὶ Γελῴους· ἔτι δὲ τῶν ἐκ τῆς μεσογείου μεταπεμψάμενοί τινας ἐπʼ Ἀκράγαντος τὴν πορείαν ἐποιοῦντο, συμπαραπλεουσῶν αὐτοῖς καὶ τῶν νεῶν τριάκοντα.
Having assembled their forces, they picked up on their way the Camarinaeans and Geloans; and furthermore, having summoned some from the interior, they made their march toward Acragas, while thirty of their ships sailed along with them.
εἶχον δὲ τοὺς πάντας πεζοὺς μὲν πλείους τῶν τρισμυρίων, ἱππεῖς δʼ οὐκ ἐλάττους τῶν πεντακισχιλίων.
In all, they had more than thirty thousand infantry and no fewer than five thousand cavalry.

Notes

  1. 13.86.1οἱ δὲ περὶ τὸν Ἀννίβαν — Meaning 'Hannibal and his associates' or 'Hannibal's staff.' This idiomatic construction (οἱ περὶ + accusative) can refer to the central individual alone or the group around him. Given that Hannibal and Himilco were jointly commanding in 85.5, it refers here to Hannibal and his staff.
  2. 13.86.2αὐτοῦ καθαιρουμένου — Genitive absolute construction. The pronoun αὐτοῦ (neuter singular) refers to the tomb of Theron (τάφον) mentioned just before, with the present passive participle: 'while it was being demolished.' It denotes that the warning signs and the intervention of the seers occurred during the process of demolition.
  3. 13.86.4φοβούμενοι μὴ τῆς αὐτῆς τοῖς Σελινουντίοις καὶ τοῖς Ἱμεραίοις τύχωσιν οἱ πολιορκούμενοι τύχης — A complex clause where the fear particle μὴ (with subjunctive τύχωσιν) is followed by the genitive object (τύχης) required by the verb τυγχάνω, combined with the dative of comparison (τοῖς Σελινουντίοις...) governed by the adjective of identity ὁ αὐτός. It translates to 'fearing lest the besieged should meet with the same fate as the Selinuntines and the Himeraeans.'

Cite this passage

Diodorus Siculus, Bibliotheca Historica §13.86.1-13.86.5. Humanitext Reader, https://reader.humanitext.ai/en/text/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0060.tlg001.humanitext-grc4:13.86.1-13.86.5

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