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Diodorus Siculus · Bibliotheca Historica §13.84.1-13.84.6

The Lavish Wedding of Antisthenes and Acragantine Luxury

Passage 263 of 723 · Greek

Summary

Diodorus describes the immense wealth of Acragas by recounting the lavish wedding of Antisthenes' daughter and his strategic wisdom regarding a poor neighbor's field. He also illustrates the citizens' extreme daily luxury through a wartime decree that restricted bedding in guard-posts.

§13.84.1οὐ μόνον δὲ περὶ τὸν Τελλίαν συνέβαινεν εἶναι τοῦ πλούτου μεγαλοπρέπειαν, ἀλλὰ καὶ περὶ πολλοὺς ἄλλους Ἀκραγαντίνους.
But it was not only in the case of Tellias that magnificence of wealth happened to exist, but also in many other Acragantines.
Ἀντισθένης γοῦν ὁ ἐπικαλούμενος Ῥόδος γάμους ἐπιτελῶν τῆς θυγατρὸς εἱστίασε τοὺς πολίτας ἐπὶ τῶν στενωπῶν ὧν ᾤκουν ἕκαστοι, καὶ ζεύγη τῇ νύμφῃ συνηκολούθησε πλείω τῶν ὀκτακοσίων· πρὸς δὲ τούτοις οὐ μόνον οἱ κατʼ αὐτὴν τὴν πόλιν ἱππεῖς, ἀλλὰ καὶ τῶν ἀστυγειτόνων πολλοὶ κληθέντες ἐπὶ τὸν γάμον συμπροέπεμψαν τὴν νύμφην.
Antisthenes, for instance, who was surnamed Rhodus, when celebrating the marriage of his daughter, feasted the citizens in the streets where each of them lived, and more than eight hundred carriages accompanied the bride; and in addition to these, not only the horsemen in the city itself, but also many of the neighbors, having been invited to the wedding, joined in escorting the bride.
§13.84.2περιττότατον δέ φασι γενέσθαι τὸ περὶ τὴν τοῦ φωτὸς κατασκευήν· τούς τε γὰρ βωμοὺς τοὺς ἐν πᾶσι τοῖς ἱεροῖς καὶ τοὺς ἐν τοῖς στενωποῖς καθʼ ὅλην τὴν πόλιν ἐπλήρωσε ξύλων, καὶ τοῖς ἐπὶ τῶν ἐργαστηρίων ἔδωκε σχίδακας καὶ κληματίδας, παραγγείλας, ὅταν ἀπὸ τῆς ἀκροπόλεως ἀναφθῇ πῦρ, ἅπαντας ἐπιτελεῖν τὸ παραπλήσιον·
And they say that the arrangement concerning the light was most extraordinary; for he filled with wood the altars in all the temples and those in the streets throughout the whole city, and gave splinters and brushwood to those in the workshops, instructing them that, when the fire should be kindled from the acropolis, everyone should do the same.
§13.84.3ὧν ποιησάντων τὸ προσταχθέν, καθʼ ὃν καιρὸν ἤγετο ἡ νύμφη, προηγουμένων πολλῶν τῶν τὰς δᾷδας φερόντων, ἡ μὲν πόλις ἔγεμε φωτός, τὸ δὲ συνακολουθοῦν πλῆθος οὐκ ἐχώρουν αἱ δημόσιαι κατὰ τὸ ἑξῆς ὁδοί, πάντων συμφιλοτιμουμένων τῇ τἀνδρὸς μεγαλοπρεπείᾳ.
When they had done what was commanded, at the time when the bride was being led home, while many who carried torches preceded her, the city was filled with light, and the public streets, one after another, could not contain the accompanying multitude, since everyone vied in contributing to the man’s magnificence.
κατʼ ἐκεῖνον γὰρ τὸν χρόνον Ἀκραγαντῖνοι μὲν ἦσαν πλείους τῶν δισμυρίων, σὺν δὲ τοῖς κατοικοῦσι ξένοις οὐκ ἐλάττους τῶν εἴκοσι μυριάδων.
For at that time the Acragantines were more than twenty thousand, and, including the resident aliens, not fewer than two hundred thousand.
§13.84.4φασὶ δὲ τὸν Ἀντισθένην, ἐπειδὴ τὸν υἱὸν ἑώρα πολεμοῦντά τινα τῶν ἀγρογειτόνων πένητα καὶ βιαζόμενον ἑαυτῷ τὸ ἀγρίδιον πωλῆσαι, μέχρι μέν τινος ἐπιπλήττειν, τῆς δʼ ἐπιθυμίας ἐπίτασιν λαμβανούσης, φῆσαι δεῖν μὴ σπεύδειν πῶς ἄπορον ποιήσῃ τὸν γείτονα, ἀλλὰ τοὐναντίον ὅπως πλούσιος ὑπάρχῃ· οὕτως γὰρ αὐτὸν ἐπιθυμήσειν μὲν ἀγροῦ μείζονος, οὐ δυνάμενον δὲ παρὰ τοῦ γείτονος προσαγοράσαι τὸν ὑπάρχοντα πωλήσειν.
And they say that Antisthenes, when he saw his son quarreling with a certain poor neighbor and forcing him to sell his small field to him, up to a certain point rebuked him, but when his desire increased in intensity, he said that he should not hasten how to make his neighbor poor, but on the contrary how he might be rich; for in this way he would desire a larger field, and being unable to buy more from his neighbor, he would sell the one he had.
§13.84.5διὰ δὲ τὸ μέγεθος τῆς κατὰ τὴν πόλιν εὐπορίας τοσαύτην συνέβαινε τρυφὴν εἶναι παρὰ τοῖς Ἀκραγαντίνοις, ὥστε μετʼ ὀλίγον τῆς πολιορκίας γινομένης ποιῆσαι ψήφισμα περὶ τῶν ἐν τοῖς φυλακείοις διανυκτερευόντων, ὅπως μή τις ἔχῃ πλεῖον τύλης καὶ περιστρώματος καὶ κωδίου καὶ δυεῖν προσκεφαλαίων.
Because of the greatness of the wealth in the city, such luxury happened to exist among the Acragantines that, when the siege took place a little later, they passed a decree concerning those who spent the night in the guard-posts, that no one should have more than a mattress, a blanket, a sheepskin, and two pillows.
§13.84.6τοιαύτης δὲ τῆς σκληροτάτης στρωμνῆς ὑπαρχούσης, ἔξεστι λογίζεσθαι τὴν κατὰ τὸν λοιπὸν βίον τρυφήν.
When such was their hardest bedding, it is possible to estimate the luxury in the rest of their life.
περὶ μὲν οὖν τούτων οὔτε παραδραμεῖν ἠθελήσαμεν οὔτʼ ἐπὶ πλεῖον μακρολογεῖν, ἵνα μὴ τῶν ἀναγκαιοτέρων ἀποπίπτωμεν.
Concerning these things, therefore, we have neither wished to pass them by, nor to speak at greater length, so that we may not fall away from more necessary matters.

Notes

  1. §13.84.1ὧν ᾤκουν — The relative pronoun ὧν (regularly οὕς) is attracted to the case of its antecedent στενωπῶν (genitive). The verb ᾤκουν (imperfect of οἰκέω) is transitive and normally governs the accusative.
  2. §13.84.3ὧν ποιησάντων — A genitive absolute construction where the relative pronoun ὧν (neuter plural, referring back to the orders in the previous sentence) acts as a linking relative with the participle.
  3. §13.84.4αὐτὸν ἐπιθυμήσειν — The subject accusative αὐτόν of the infinitives ἐπιθυμήσειν and πωλήσειν refers to the neighbor (γείτονα), not to Antisthenes' son. The sense is that if the neighbor becomes rich, he will desire a larger estate and sell his current plot. The subsequent participle οὐ δυνάμενον also agrees with this αὐτόν.
  4. §13.84.5ὅπως μή τις ἔχῃ — An ὅπως clause expressing the substance of the decree (ψήφισμα). Although dependent on a historical past (ποιησαι), the subjunctive ἔχῃ is used instead of the optative to retain the vivid force of the original decree.

Cite this passage

Diodorus Siculus, Bibliotheca Historica §13.84.1-13.84.6. Humanitext Reader, https://reader.humanitext.ai/en/text/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0060.tlg001.humanitext-grc4:13.84.1-13.84.6

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