§991ΑΘ. ἡ μὲν δὴ πρώτη τοῦ διπλασίου κατʼ ἀριθμὸν ἓν πρὸς δύο κατὰ λόγον φερομένη, διπλάσιον δὲ ἡ κατὰ δύναμιν οὖσα· ἡ δʼ εἰς τὸ στερεόν τε καὶ ἁπτὸν πάλιν αὖ διπλάσιον, ἀφʼ ἑνὸς εἰς ὀκτὼ διαπορευθεῖσα·
ATHENIAN: Indeed, the first [progression] of the double according to number proceeds in a ratio of one to two; the second is the double according to power; and the third, which goes into the solid and tangible, is again a double, proceeding from one to eight.
ἡ δὲ διπλασίου μὲν εἰς μέσον, ἴσως δὲ τοῦ ἐλάττονος πλέον ἔλαττόν τε τοῦ μείζονος, τὸ δʼ ἕτερον τῷ αὐτῷ μέρει τῶν ἄκρων αὐτῶν ὑπερέχον τε καὶ ὑπερεχόμενον—ἐν μέσῳ δὲ τοῦ ἓξ πρὸς τὰ δώδεκα συνέβη τό τε ἡμιόλιον καὶ ἐπίτριτον—τούτων αὐτῶν ἐν τῷ μέσῳ ἐπʼ ἀμφότερα στρεφομένη τοῖς ἀνθρώποις σύμφωνον χρείαν καὶ σύμμετρον ἀπενείματο παιδιᾶς ῥυθμοῦ τε καὶ ἁρμονίας χάριν, εὐδαίμονι χορείᾳ Μουσῶν δεδομένη.
And that which leads to the middle of the double, being on the one hand greater than the lesser [extreme] by an equal amount and less than the greater by an equal amount, and on the other hand exceeding and being exceeded by the same part of the extremes themselves—and in the middle of six to twelve there happen to be the ratio of one and a half and of one and a third—turning to both sides in the middle of these very things, it has distributed to men a concordant and symmetrical use for the sake of play, rhythm, and harmony, having been given to the blessed choral dance of the Muses.
ταῦτα μὲν οὖν δὴ ταύτῃ γιγνέσθω τε καὶ ἐχέτω σύμπαντα·
Let all these things indeed come to be and hold in this way.
τὸ δʼ ἐπὶ τούτοις τέλος, εἰς θείαν γένεσιν ἅμα καὶ τὴν τῶν ὁρατῶν καλλίστην τε καὶ θειοτάτην φύσιν ἰτέον, ὅσην ἀνθρώποις θεὸς ἔδωκεν κατιδεῖν, ἣν οὔποτε ἄνευ τῶν νῦν διειρημένων μὴ κατιδὼν ἐπεύξηταί τις ῥᾳστώνῃ παραλαβεῖν.
But next, as the end upon these, we must go to the divine generation and at the same time to the most beautiful and divine nature of visible things, as much as god has granted to men to look upon; which nature no one, without having looked upon it without the things now distinguished, can ever boast of acquiring with ease.
πρὸς τούτοις δὲ τὸ καθʼ ἓν τῷ κατʼ εἴδη προσακτέον ἐν ἑκάσταις ταῖς συνουσίαις, ἐρωτῶντά τε καὶ ἐλέγχοντα τὰ μὴ καλῶς ῥηθέντα· πάντως γὰρ καλλίστη καὶ πρώτη βάσανος ἀνθρώποις ὀρθῶς γίγνεται, ὅσαι δὲ οὐκ οὖσαι προσποιοῦνται, ματαιότατος πόνος ἁπάντων.
And in addition to these, one must bring the individual to that which is according to forms in each of one's associations, by questioning and examining things not beautifully said; for this indeed is certainly the most beautiful and first touchstone that comes rightly to men, while all those which are not genuine but pretend to be are the most vain labor of all.
ἔτι δὲ τὴν ἀκρίβειαν τοῦ χρόνου ἡμῖν ληπτέον, ὡς ἀκριβῶς ἀποτελεῖ πάντα τὰ κατʼ οὐρανὸν γιγνόμενα, ἵνʼ ὁ πιστεύσας ὡς ὁ λόγος ἀληθὴς γέγονεν ὅτι πρεσβύτερόν τʼ ἐστὶν ἅμα καὶ θειότερον ψυχὴ σώματος, ἡγήσαιτʼ ἂν παγκάλως τε καὶ ἱκανῶς εἰρῆσθαι τὸ θεῶν εἶναι πάντα πλέα καὶ μηδέποτε λήθῃ μηδὲ ἀμελείᾳ τῶν κρειττόνων ἡμᾶς παρωλιγωρῆσθαι.
And further, we must grasp the accuracy of time, how accurately it completes all things that happen in heaven, so that he who has believed that the argument has become true—that soul is at once both older and more divine than body—would think that the saying 'all things are full of gods' has been most beautifully and sufficiently spoken, and that we are never neglected through the forgetfulness or negligence of our superiors.
νοητέον δʼ ἐστὶν περὶ πάντα τὰ τοιαῦτα τόδε, ὡς, ἐὰν μέν τις ἕκαστα τούτων ὀρθῶς λαμβάνῃ, μέγʼ ὄφελος γίγνεται τῷ παραλαμβάνοντι κατὰ τρόπον, εἰ δὲ μή, θεὸν ἄμεινον ἀεὶ καλεῖν·
And concerning all such things, this must be understood: that if indeed one grasps each of these rightly, a great benefit comes to the one who receives them in a proper way, but if not, it is always better to call upon god.
ὁ δὲ τρόπος ὅδε —ἀνάγκη γὰρ τό γε τοσοῦτον φράζειν—πᾶν διάγραμμα ἀριθμοῦ τε σύστημα καὶ ἁρμονίας σύστασιν ἅπασαν τῆς τε τῶν ἄστρων περιφορᾶς τὴν ὁμολογίαν οὖσαν μίαν ἁπάντων ἀναφανῆναι δεῖ τῷ κατὰ τρόπον μανθάνοντι, φανήσεται δέ, ἄν, ὃ λέγομεν, ὀρθῶς τις εἰς ἓν βλέπων μανθάνῃ— §992ΑΘ. δεσμὸς γὰρ πεφυκὼς πάντων τούτων εἷς ἀναφανήσεται διανοουμένοις —εἰ δʼ ἄλλως πως ταῦτα μεταχειριεῖταί τις, τύχην δεῖ καλεῖν, ὥσπερ καὶ λέγομεν.
And the way is this— for it is necessary to declare at least this much—every diagram, and system of number, and every constitution of harmony, and the agreement of the revolution of the stars must appear as one for all to the one who learns in a proper way; and it will appear, if, as we say, one learns rightly by looking toward one thing— ATHENIAN: For a single bond having grown by nature for all these will appear to those who reflect. But if someone handles these in any other way, one must call upon luck, just as we also say.
οὐ γὰρ ἄνευ γε τούτων μήποτέ τις ἐν πόλεσιν εὐδαίμων γένηται φύσις, ἀλλʼ οὗτος ὁ τρόπος, αὕτη ἡ τροφή, ταῦτα τὰ μαθήματα· εἴτε χαλεπὰ εἴτε ῥᾴδια, ταύτῃ πορευτέον.
For without these indeed, no nature will ever become happy in cities, but this is the way, this the nurture, these the subjects of study; whether difficult or easy, this is the path one must travel.
ἀμελῆσαι δὲ οὐ θεμιτόν ἐστιν θεῶν, καταφανοῦς γενομένης τῆς πάντων αὐτῶν κατὰ τρόπον λεγομένης φήμης εὐτυχοῦς.
And it is not lawful to neglect the gods, when the auspicious report of them all spoken in a proper manner has become manifest.
τὸν δὲ σύμπαντα ταῦτα οὕτως εἰληφότα, τοῦτον λέγω τὸν ἀληθέστατα σοφώτατον· ὃν καὶ διισχυρίζομαι παίζων καὶ σπουδάζων ἅμα, ὅτε θανάτῳ τις τῶν τοιούτων τὴν αὑτοῦ μοῖραν ἀναπλήσει, σχεδὸν ἐάνπερ ἔτʼ ἀποθανὼν ᾖ, μήτε μεθέξειν ἔτι πολλῶν τότε καθάπερ νῦν αἰσθήσεων, μιᾶς τε μοίρας μετειληφότα μόνον καὶ ἐκ πολλῶν ἕνα γεγονότα, εὐδαίμονά τε ἔσεσθαι καὶ σοφώτατον ἅμα καὶ μακάριον, εἴτε τις ἐν ἠπείροις εἴτʼ ἐν νήσοις μακάριος ὢν ζῇ, κἀκεῖνον μεθέξειν τῆς τοιαύτης ἀεὶ τύχης, κεἴτε δημοσίᾳ τις ἐπιτηδεύσας ταῦτα εἴτε ἰδίᾳ διαβιῷ, τὰ αὐτὰ καὶ ὡσαύτως αὐτὸν πράξειν παρὰ θεῶν.
And the one who has acquired all these things in this way, this man I say is most truly the wisest; of whom I also assert, playing and being earnest at the same time, that whenever someone of such a kind completes his own portion in death, pretty much if he is still dead, he will no longer partake of many sensations then as he does now, but having partaken of a single portion only and having become one out of many, he will be happy and at the same time wisest and blessed, whether one lives blessed on continents or on islands, and that man will always partake of such a fortune, and whether one has practiced these things publicly or lives privately, he will fare the same and in the same way from the gods.
ὃ δὲ κατʼ ἀρχάς τε ἐλέγομεν, καὶ νῦν αὑτὸς πάρεστι λόγος ἀληθὴς ὄντως, ὡς οὐ δυνατὸν ἀνθρώποις τελέως μακαρίοις τε καὶ εὐδαίμοσι γενέσθαι πλὴν ὀλίγων, ἔστιν ταῦτα ὀρθῶς εἰρημένα·
And what we were saying at the beginning, and now the very same argument is present as truly real, that it is not possible for men to become perfectly blessed and happy except for a few, these things have been rightly spoken.
ὁπόσοι γὰρ θεῖοι καὶ σώφρονες ἅμα τῆς ἄλλης τε μετέχοντες ἀρετῆς φύσει, πρὸς δὲ τούτοις ὅσα μαθήματος ἔχεται μακαρίου πάντα εἰληφότες —ἃ δʼ ἔστιν εἰρήκαμεν—τούτοισιν μόνοις τὰ τοῦ δαιμονίου σύμπαντα ἱκανῶς εἴληχέ τε καὶ ἔχει.
For as many as are divine and temperate at the same time, partaking of the other virtue by nature, and in addition to these have acquired all things that belong to the blessed study—and what they are we have said—to these alone has the whole of the divine realm been sufficiently allotted and holds.
τοῖς μὲν οὖν ταῦτα οὕτω διαπονήσασιν ἰδίᾳ λέγομεν καὶ δημοσίᾳ κατὰ νόμον τίθεμεν, εἰς πρεσβύτου τέλος ἀφικομένοις τὰς μεγίστας ἀρχὰς παραδίδοσθαι δεῖν, τοὺς δʼ ἄλλους τούτοις συνεπομένους εὐφημεῖν πάντας θεοὺς ἅμα καὶ πάσας, καὶ τὸν νυκτερινὸν σύλλογον ἐπὶ ταύτην τὴν σοφίαν ἱκανῶς γνόντας τε καὶ δοκιμάσαντας ἡμᾶς ὀρθότατα πάντας παρακαλεῖν.
Therefore, to those who have thus worked hard at these things we speak privately and establish publicly by law, that when they arrive at the end of old age, the greatest offices must be handed over to them; and the others, following these, must praise all the gods and goddesses together; and that we, having sufficiently known and approved the nocturnal council for this wisdom, must most rightly summon them all.