§6.770ΚΛ. πῶς γὰρ ἄν;
CLE.: For how could they not?
ΑΘ. οὐκοῦν ἐν τῷ νῦν παρόντι ποιητέον ἐμοὶ καὶ σφῷν τοῦτο;
ATH.: Therefore, in the present situation, must this not be done by me and you two?
ΚΛ. τὸ ποῖον δὴ λέγεις;
CLE.: What kind of thing indeed do you mean?
ΑΘ. ἐπειδὴ νομοθετεῖν μὲν μέλλομεν, ᾕρηνται δὲ ἡμῖν νομοφύλακες, ἡμεῖς δʼ ἐν δυσμαῖς τοῦ βίου, οἱ δʼ ὡς πρὸς ἡμᾶς νέοι, ἅμα μέν, ὥς φαμεν, δεῖ νομοθετεῖν ἡμᾶς, ἅμα δὲ πειρᾶσθαι ποιεῖν καὶ τούτους αὐτοὺς νομοθέτας τε καὶ νομοφύλακας εἰς τὸ δυνατόν.
ATH.: Since we are about to legislate, and guardians of the laws have been chosen for us, and we are in the sunset of life, while they are young in comparison with us, we must at the same time, as we say, legislate ourselves, and at the same time try to make these very men both legislators and guardians of the laws as far as possible.
ΚΛ. τί μήν;
CLE.: Why not?
εἴπερ οἷοί τέ γʼ ἐσμὲν ἱκανῶς.
If indeed we are sufficiently able.
ΑΘ. ἀλλʼ οὖν πειρατέα γε καὶ προθυμητέα.
ATH.: But at any rate, we must try and be eager.
ΚΛ. πῶς γὰρ οὔ;
CLE.: For how not?
ΑΘ. λέγωμεν δὴ πρὸς αὐτούς· ὦ φίλοι σωτῆρες νόμων, ἡμεῖς περὶ ἑκάστων ὧν τίθεμεν τοὺς νόμους πάμπολλα παραλείψομεν—ἀνάγκη γάρ—οὐ μὴν ἀλλʼ ὅσα γε μὴ σμικρὰ καὶ τὸ ὅλον εἰς δύναμιν οὐκ ἀνήσομεν ἀπεριήγητον καθάπερ τινὶ περιγραφῇ· τοῦτο δὲ δεήσει συμπληροῦν ὑμᾶς τὸ περιηγηθέν.
ATH.: Let us speak indeed to them: “O friendly saviors of the laws, we shall leave behind very many things concerning each of the matters about which we lay down the laws—for it is necessary—nevertheless, we shall not, as far as we have power, leave what is not small and the whole outline undescribed as if in a sketch; and you will have to fill in this sketched outline.
ὅποι δὲ βλέποντες δράσετε τὸ τοιοῦτον, ἀκούειν χρή.
Where indeed looking you will do such a thing, you must hear.
Μέγιλλος μὲν γὰρ καὶ ἐγὼ καὶ Κλεινίας εἰρήκαμέν τε αὐτὰ ἀλλήλοις οὐκ ὀλιγάκις, ὁμολογοῦμέν τε λέγεσθαι καλῶς· ὑμᾶς δὲ ἡμῖν βουλόμεθα συγγνώμονάς τε ἅμα καὶ μαθητὰς γίγνεσθαι, βλέποντας πρὸς ταῦτα εἰς ἅπερ ἡμεῖς συνεχωρήσαμεν ἀλλήλοις τὸν νομοφύλακά τε καὶ νομοθέτην δεῖν βλέπειν.
For Megillus and I and Cleinias have spoken of these things among ourselves not a few times, and we agree they are well said; and we wish you to become at once sympathetic with us and our pupils, looking toward these very things to which we agreed with one another that the guardian of the laws and the lawgiver must look.
ἦν δὲ ἡ συγχώρησις ἓν ἔχουσα κεφάλαιον, ὅπως ποτὲ ἀνὴρ ἀγαθὸς γίγνοιτʼ ἄν, τὴν ἀνθρώπῳ προσήκουσαν ἀρετὴν τῆς ψυχῆς ἔχων ἔκ τινος ἐπιτηδεύματος ἤ τινος ἤθους ἢ ποιᾶς κτήσεως ἢ ἐπιθυμίας ἢ δόξης ἢ μαθημάτων ποτέ τινων, εἴτε ἄρρην τις τῶν συνοικούντων οὖσα ἡ φύσις εἴτε θήλεια, νέων ἢ γερόντων, ὅπως εἰς ταὐτὸν τοῦτο ὃ λέγομεν τεταμένη σπουδὴ πᾶσα ἔσται διὰ παντὸς τοῦ βίου, τῶν δʼ ἄλλων ὁπόσα ἐμπόδια τούτοις μηδὲν προτιμῶν φανεῖται μηδʼ ὁστισοῦν, τελευτῶν δὲ καὶ πόλεως, ἐὰν ἀνάστατον ἀνάγκη φαίνηται γίγνεσθαι πρὶν ἐθέλειν δούλειον ὑπομείνασα ζυγὸν ἄρχεσθαι ὑπὸ χειρόνων, ἢ λείπειν φυγῇ τὴν πόλιν· ὡς πάντα τὰ τοιαῦτα ἄρʼ ἔσθʼ ὑπομενετέον πάσχοντας πρὶν ἀλλάξασθαι πολιτείαν ἣ χείρους ἀνθρώπους πέφυκε ποιεῖν. §6.771ΑΘ. ταῦτα ἡμεῖς τε ἔμπροσθεν συνωμολογησάμεθα, καὶ νῦν ὑμεῖς ἡμῶν εἰς ταῦτα ἑκάτερα βλέποντες ἐπαινεῖτε καὶ ψέγετε τοὺς νόμους ὅσοι μὴ ταῦτα δυνατοί, τοὺς δὲ δυνατοὺς ἀσπάζεσθέ τε καὶ φιλοφρόνως δεχόμενοι ζῆτε ἐν αὐτοῖς· τὰ δʼ ἄλλα ἐπιτηδεύματα καὶ πρὸς ἄλλα τείνοντα τῶν ἀγαθῶν λεγομένων χαίρειν χρὴ προσαγορεύειν.
And our agreement had one chief point: how a man might ever become good, having the virtue of the soul that belongs to a human being, from some pursuit or some character or some acquisition or desire or opinion or some learning, whether the nature of those dwelling together be male or female, young or old, so that all earnestness through the whole of life will be directed toward this very same thing of which we speak, and that of other things, as many as are obstacles to these, no one whatsoever will appear to prefer any, and in the end even of the city, if it appears necessary for it to be laid waste rather than to submit to a slavish yoke and be ruled by worse men, or to leave the city in flight; since indeed all such sufferings must be endured before changing to a constitution which naturally makes men worse.” ATH.: These things we agreed to before, and now you, looking at both of these standards of ours, must praise and blame all the laws that are not capable of this, and embrace those that are capable, and, receiving them cordially, live in them; and to the other pursuits, even those tending toward other things of the so-called goods, you must say farewell.
ἀρχὴ δὲ ἔστω τῶν μετὰ ταῦτα ἡμῖν νόμων ἥδε τις, ἀφʼ ἱερῶν ἠργμένη.
Let this be a kind of beginning of the laws that follow for us, having started from sacred things.
τὸν ἀριθμὸν γὰρ δὴ δεῖ πρῶτον ἀναλαβεῖν ἡμᾶς τὸν τῶν πεντακισχιλίων καὶ τετταράκοντα, ὅσας εἶχέν τε καὶ ἔχει τομὰς προσφόρους ὅ τε ὅλος ἅμα καὶ ὁ κατὰ φυλάς, ὃ δὴ τοῦ παντὸς ἔθεμεν δωδεκατημόριον, ἓν καὶ εἴκοσιν εἰκοσάκις ὀρθότατα φύν.
For we must first take up the number of five thousand and forty, to see how many convenient divisions it had and has, both as a whole and by tribes, which we set indeed as a twelfth part of the whole, having arisen most correctly as twenty-one times twenty.
ἔχει δὲ διανομὰς δώδεκα μὲν ὁ πᾶς ἀριθμὸς ἡμῖν, δώδεκα δὲ καὶ ὁ τῆς φυλῆς· ἑκάστην δὴ τὴν μοῖραν διανοεῖσθαι χρεὼν ὡς οὖσαν ἱεράν, θεοῦ δῶρον, ἑπομένην τοῖς μησὶν καὶ τῇ τοῦ παντὸς περιόδῳ.
And the whole number has twelve divisions for us, and that of the tribe has twelve also; and each part indeed must be thought of as being sacred, a gift of a god, following the months and the period of the universe.
διὸ καὶ πᾶσαν πόλιν ἄγει μὲν τὸ σύμφυτον ἱεροῦν αὐτάς, ἄλλοι δὲ ἄλλων ἴσως ὀρθότερον ἐνείμαντό τε καὶ εὐτυχέστερον ἐθείωσαν τὴν διανομήν· ἡμεῖς δὲ οὖν νῦν φαμεν ὀρθότατα προῃρῆσθαι τὸν τῶν πεντακισχιλίων καὶ τετταράκοντα ἀριθμόν, ὃς πάσας τὰς διανομὰς ἔχει μέχρι τῶν δώδεκα ἀπὸ μιᾶς ἀρξάμενος πλὴν ἑνδεκάδος—αὕτη δʼ ἔχει σμικρότατον ἴαμα· ἐπὶ θάτερα γὰρ ὑγιὴς γίγνεται δυοῖν ἑστίαιν ἀπονεμηθείσαιν—ὡς δʼ ἐστὶν ταῦτα ἀληθῶς ὄντα, κατὰ σχολὴν οὐκ ἂν πολὺς ἐπιδείξειεν μῦθος.
For which reason indeed, while their innate nature leads every city to consecrate them, some people perhaps have divided more correctly and deified the division more fortunately than others; but we therefore say now that the number of five thousand and forty has been most correctly preferred, which has all divisions from one up to twelve, except for eleven—and this has a very small remedy; for it becomes sound on the other side when two hearths are subtracted—and that these things are truly so, a not very long account would demonstrate at our leisure.
πιστεύσαντες δὴ τὰ νῦν τῇ παρούσῃ φήμῃ καὶ λόγῳ, νείμωμέν τε ταύτην, καὶ ἑκάστῃ μοίρᾳ θεὸν ἢ θεῶν παῖδα ἐπιφημίσαντες, βωμούς τε καὶ τὰ τούτοις προσήκοντα ἀποδόντες, θυσιῶν πέρι συνόδους ἐπʼ αὐτοῖς ποιώμεθα δύο τοῦ μηνός, δώδεκα μὲν τῇ τῆς φυλῆς διανομῇ, δώδεκα δὲ αὐτῷ τῷ τῆς πόλεως διαμερισμῷ, θεῶν μὲν δὴ πρῶτον χάριτος ἕνεκα καὶ τῶν περὶ θεούς, δεύτερον δὲ ἡμῶν αὐτῶν οἰκειότητός τε πέρι καὶ γνωρίσεως ἀλλήλων, ὡς φαῖμεν ἄν, καὶ ὁμιλίας ἕνεκα πάσης.
Trusting indeed for the present to the prevailing rumor and argument, let us distribute this, and having assigned to each part a god or a child of gods, and having rendered altars and things suitable to them, let us make meetings for sacrifices twice a month for them, twelve indeed for the division of the tribe, and twelve for the division of the city itself, first indeed for the sake of the favor of the gods and things concerning the gods, and secondly for the sake of our own friendliness and acquaintance with one another, as we would say, and for all kinds of social intercourse.
πρὸς γὰρ δὴ τὴν τῶν γάμων κοινωνίαν καὶ σύμμειξιν ἀναγκαίως ἔχει τὴν ἄγνοιαν ἐξαιρεῖν παρʼ ὧν τέ τις ἄγεται καὶ ἃ καὶ οἷς ἐκδίδωσι, περὶ παντὸς ποιούμενον ὅτι μάλιστα τὸ μὴ σφάλλεσθαι μηδαμῶς ἐν τοῖς τοιούτοις κατὰ τὸ δυνατόν.
For indeed, with a view to the partnership and intermingling of marriages, it is necessary to remove ignorance as to who one takes a wife from and who one gives a daughter to, making it of the utmost importance, as far as possible, not to make any mistake at all in such matters.