§4.722ΜΕ. πρὸς μὲν τοῦ Λακωνικοῦ τρόπου, ὦ ξένε, τὸ τὰ βραχύτερα ἀεὶ προτιμᾶν·
ME. It is in accordance with the Laconian way, O guest, to always prefer the shorter option.
τούτων μὴν τῶν γραμμάτων εἴ τις κριτὴν ἐμὲ κελεύοι γίγνεσθαι πότερα βουλοίμην ἂν ἐν τῇ πόλει μοι γεγραμμένα τεθῆναι, τὰ μακρότερʼ ἂν ἑλοίμην, καὶ δὴ καὶ περὶ παντὸς νόμου κατὰ τοῦτο τὸ παράδειγμα, εἰ γίγνοιτο ἑκάτερα, ταὐτὸν τοῦτʼ ἂν αἱροίμην.
However, if someone were to bid me be a judge of these writings as to which of the two I would wish to have written down and established in my city, I would choose the longer ones, and indeed, concerning every law according to this model, if both options were possible, I would choose this same thing.
οὐ μὴν ἀλλά που καὶ Κλεινίᾳ τῷδʼ ἀρέσκειν δεῖ τὰ νῦν νομοθετούμενα· τούτου γὰρ ἡ πόλις ἡ νῦν τοῖς τοιούτοις νόμοις χρῆσθαι διανοουμένη.
Nevertheless, the things now being legislated must also please Cleinias here; for the city that is now intending to use such laws is his.
ΚΛ. καλῶς γʼ, ὦ Μέγιλλε, εἶπες.
CL. You have spoken beautifully, O Megillus.
ΑΘ. τὸ μὲν οὖν περὶ πολλῶν ἢ ὀλίγων γραμμάτων ποιήσασθαι τὸν λόγον λίαν εὔηθες—τὰ γὰρ οἶμαι βέλτιστα, ἀλλʼ οὐ τὰ βραχύτατα οὐδὲ τὰ μήκη τιμητέον—τὰ δʼ ἐν τοῖς νυνδὴ νόμοις ῥηθεῖσιν οὐ διπλῷ θάτερα τῶν ἑτέρων διάφορα μόνον εἰς ἀρετὴν τῆς χρείας, ἀλλʼ ὅπερ ἐρρήθη νυνδή, τὸ τῶν διττῶν ἰατρῶν γένος ὀρθότατα παρετέθη.
ATH. To make a discourse, then, about many or few words is extremely foolish—for I think the best things, and not the shortest nor the length, are to be honored—and the things said just now in the laws do not differ one from the other merely by being double in the virtue of their utility, but, as was said just now, the class of the two kinds of doctors was most correctly contrasted.
πρὸς τοῦτο δὲ οὐδεὶς ἔοικε διανοηθῆναι πώποτε τῶν νομοθετῶν, ὡς ἐξὸν δυοῖν χρῆσθαι πρὸς τὰς νομοθεσίας, πειθοῖ καὶ βίᾳ, καθʼ ὅσον οἷόν τε ἐπὶ τὸν ἄπειρον παιδείας ὄχλον, τῷ ἑτέρῳ χρῶνται μόνον· οὐ γὰρ πειθοῖ κεραννύντες τὴν μάχην νομοθετοῦσιν, ἀλλʼ ἀκράτῳ μόνον τῇ βίᾳ.
But none of the lawmakers seems ever to have reflected upon this: that although it is permitted to use two means for legislation, persuasion and force, as far as is possible for the crowd unacquainted with education, they use only the one; for they do not legislate by mixing persuasion with compulsion, but by unmixed force alone.
ἐγὼ δʼ, ὦ μακάριοι, καὶ τρίτον ἔτι περὶ τοὺς νόμους ὁρῶ γίγνεσθαι δέον, οὐδαμῇ τὰ νῦν γιγνόμενον.
But I, O blessed men, see that there is still a third thing that ought to happen concerning the laws, which is currently happening nowhere.
ΚΛ. τὸ ποῖον δὴ λέγεις;
CL. What kind of thing do you mean?
ΑΘ. ἐξ αὐτῶν ὧν νυνδὴ διειλέγμεθα ἡμεῖς κατὰ θεόν τινα γεγονός.
ATH. It arises from the very things we have just been discussing, which has occurred by some divine guidance.
σχεδὸν γὰρ ἐξ ὅσου περὶ τῶν νόμων ἤργμεθα λέγειν, ἐξ ἑωθινοῦ μεσημβρία τε γέγονε καὶ ἐν ταύτῃ παγκάλῃ ἀναπαύλῃ τινὶ γεγόναμεν, οὐδὲν ἀλλʼ ἢ περὶ νόμων διαλεγόμενοι, νόμους δὲ ἄρτι μοι δοκοῦμεν λέγειν ἄρχεσθαι, τὰ δʼ ἔμπροσθεν ἦν πάντα ἡμῖν προοίμια νόμων.
For almost since we began to speak about the laws in the morning, noon has arrived, and during this most beautiful respite we have done nothing but converse about laws, yet it seems to me that we are only now beginning to speak of laws, and all the previous things were merely preambles (prooemia) to the laws for us.
τί δὲ ταῦτʼ εἴρηκα;
Why indeed have I said this?
τόδε εἰπεῖν βουληθείς, ὅτι λόγων πάντων καὶ ὅσων φωνὴ κεκοινώνηκεν προοίμιά τέ ἐστιν καὶ σχεδὸν οἷόν τινες ἀνακινήσεις, ἔχουσαί τινα ἔντεχνον ἐπιχείρησιν χρήσιμον πρὸς τὸ μέλλον περαίνεσθαι.
It is because I wished to say this: that for all speeches, and for all things in which the voice has shared, there are preambles and, as it were, preludes, which have a certain artful attempt useful for what is about to be accomplished.
καὶ δή που κιθαρῳδικῆς ᾠδῆς λεγομένων νόμων καὶ πάσης μούσης προοίμια θαυμαστῶς ἐσπουδασμένα πρόκειται·
And indeed, for the so-called "nomoi" (laws/tunes) of cithara-singing and for all music, wonderfully earnest preambles are set forth in advance.
τῶν δὲ ὄντως νόμων ὄντων, οὓς δὴ πολιτικοὺς εἶναί φαμεν, οὐδεὶς πώποτε οὔτʼ εἶπέ τι προοίμιον οὔτε συνθέτης γενόμενος ἐξήνεγκεν εἰς τὸ φῶς, ὡς οὐκ ὄντος φύσει.
But for the laws that are truly laws, which we indeed call political, no one has ever spoken any preamble, nor has anyone, having become their composer, brought one to light, as if it did not exist by nature.
ἡμῖν δὲ ἡ νῦν διατριβὴ γεγονυῖα, ὡς ἐμοὶ δοκεῖ, σημαίνει ὡς ὄντος, οἵ τέ γε δὴ διπλοῖ ἔδοξαν νυνδή μοι λεχθέντες νόμοι οὐκ εἶναι ἁπλῶς οὕτω πως διπλοῖ, ἀλλὰ δύο μέν τινε, νόμος τε καὶ προοίμιον τοῦ νόμου·
But our present pastime, as it seems to me, indicates that it does exist; and the laws which just now seemed to us to be double when spoken are not simply double in that way, but are two distinct things: a law and a preamble to the law.