§256ΣΩ. ἐν οὖν τῇ συγκοιμήσει τοῦ μὲν ἐραστοῦ ὁ ἀκόλαστος ἵππος ἔχει ὅτι λέγῃ πρὸς τὸν ἡνίοχον, καὶ ἀξιοῖ ἀντὶ πολλῶν πόνων σμικρὰ ἀπολαῦσαι· ὁ δὲ τῶν παιδικῶν ἔχει μὲν οὐδὲν εἰπεῖν, σπαργῶν δὲ καὶ ἀπορῶν περιβάλλει τὸν ἐραστὴν καὶ φιλεῖ, ὡς σφόδρʼ εὔνουν ἀσπαζόμενος, ὅταν τε συγκατακέωνται, οἷός ἐστι μὴ ἂν ἀπαρνηθῆναι τὸ αὑτοῦ μέρος χαρίσασθαι τῷ ἐρῶντι, εἰ δεηθείη τυχεῖν·
SOCRATES: In their sleeping together, then, on the one hand, the wanton horse of the lover has something to say to the charioteer, and demands to enjoy a little pleasure in return for many labors; on the other hand, the horse of the beloved has nothing to say, but swelling with desire and perplexed, throws his arms around the lover and kisses him, welcoming him as one who is exceedingly well-disposed; and whenever they lie down together, he is such as not to refuse to grant his own part to the lover if he should beg to obtain it.
ὁ δὲ ὁμόζυξ αὖ μετὰ τοῦ ἡνιόχου πρὸς ταῦτα μετʼ αἰδοῦς καὶ λόγου ἀντιτείνει.
But the yoke-mate, in turn, along with the charioteer, resists these things with modesty and reason.
ἐὰν μὲν δὴ οὖν εἰς τεταγμένην τε δίαιταν καὶ φιλοσοφίαν νικήσῃ τὰ βελτίω τῆς διανοίας ἀγαγόντα, μακάριον μὲν καὶ ὁμονοητικὸν τὸν ἐνθάδε βίον διάγουσιν, ἐγκρατεῖς αὑτῶν καὶ κόσμιοι ὄντες, δουλωσάμενοι μὲν ᾧ κακία ψυχῆς ἐνεγίγνετο, ἐλευθερώσαντες δὲ ᾧ ἀρετή· τελευτήσαντες δὲ δὴ ὑπόπτεροι καὶ ἐλαφροὶ γεγονότες τῶν τριῶν παλαισμάτων τῶν ὡς ἀληθῶς Ὀλυμπιακῶν ἓν νενικήκασιν, οὗ μεῖζον ἀγαθὸν οὔτε σωφροσύνη ἀνθρωπίνη οὔτε θεία μανία δυνατὴ πορίσαι ἀνθρώπῳ.
If, on the one hand, therefore, the better parts of the mind, leading them to a regulated life and philosophy, win the victory, they spend a blessed and harmonious life here, being masters of themselves and orderly, having enslaved that in which vice of the soul arose, and having set free that in which virtue arose; and when they die, having become winged and light, they have won one of the three truly Olympic wrestling matches, than which a greater good neither human temperance nor divine madness is able to provide for man.
ἐὰν δὲ δὴ διαίτῃ φορτικωτέρᾳ τε καὶ ἀφιλοσόφῳ, φιλοτίμῳ δὲ χρήσωνται, τάχʼ ἄν που ἐν μέθαις ἤ τινι ἄλλῃ ἀμελείᾳ τὼ ἀκολάστω αὐτοῖν ὑποζυγίω λαβόντε τὰς ψυχὰς ἀφρούρους, συναγαγόντε εἰς ταὐτόν, τὴν ὑπὸ τῶν πολλῶν μακαριστὴν αἵρεσιν εἱλέσθην τε καὶ διεπραξάσθην· καὶ διαπραξαμένω τὸ λοιπὸν ἤδη χρῶνται μὲν αὐτῇ, σπανίᾳ δέ, ἅτε οὐ πάσῃ δεδογμένα τῇ διανοίᾳ πράττοντες.
If, on the other hand, they should use a more vulgar and unphilosophical, yet ambitious way of life, perhaps somewhere in moments of drunkenness or some other neglect, their two wanton beasts of burden, catching their souls unguarded, bring them together into the same place, and they choose and execute that choice which is blessed by the many; and having executed it, they henceforth indulge in it, but rarely, inasmuch as they do what has not been approved by their entire mind.
φίλω μὲν οὖν καὶ τούτω, ἧττον δὲ ἐκείνων, ἀλλήλοιν διά τε τοῦ ἔρωτος καὶ ἔξω γενομένω διάγουσι, πίστεις τὰς μεγίστας ἡγουμένω ἀλλήλοιν δεδωκέναι τε καὶ δεδέχθαι, ἃς οὐ θεμιτὸν εἶναι λύσαντας εἰς ἔχθραν ποτὲ ἐλθεῖν.
These two also, therefore, spend their lives as friends to each other, though less so than those others, both during their love and after they have got out of it, believing that they have given and received from each other the greatest pledges, which it is not lawful to break and ever come to enmity.
ἐν δὲ τῇ τελευτῇ ἄπτεροι μέν, ὡρμηκότες δὲ πτεροῦσθαι ἐκβαίνουσι τοῦ σώματος, ὥστε οὐ σμικρὸν ἆθλον τῆς ἐρωτικῆς μανίας φέρονται· εἰς γὰρ σκότον καὶ τὴν ὑπὸ γῆς πορείαν οὐ νόμος ἐστὶν ἔτι ἐλθεῖν τοῖς κατηργμένοις ἤδη τῆς ὑπουρανίου πορείας, ἀλλὰ φανὸν βίον διάγοντας εὐδαιμονεῖν μετʼ ἀλλήλων πορευομένους, καὶ ὁμοπτέρους ἔρωτος χάριν, ὅταν γένωνται, γενέσθαι.
And at their end, they depart from the body wingless, indeed, but having a strong impulse to grow wings, so that they carry off no small prize from the madness of love; for it is not the law for those who have already begun the journey under heaven to go still into darkness and the journey under the earth, but spending a bright life, to be happy traveling with one another, and when they grow wings, to become alike in plumage for the sake of their love.
ταῦτα τοσαῦτα, ὦ παῖ, καὶ θεῖα οὕτω σοι δωρήσεται ἡ παρʼ ἐραστοῦ φιλία· ἡ δὲ ἀπὸ τοῦ μὴ ἐρῶντος οἰκειότης, σωφροσύνῃ θνητῇ κεκραμένη, θνητά τε καὶ φειδωλὰ οἰκονομοῦσα, ἀνελευθερίαν ὑπὸ πλήθους ἐπαινουμένην ὡς ἀρετὴν τῇ φίλῃ ψυχῇ ἐντεκοῦσα, ἐννέα χιλιάδας ἐτῶν περὶ γῆν κυλινδουμένην αὐτὴν καὶ ὑπὸ γῆς ἄνουν παρέξει.
These things so great, my boy, and so divine, the friendship from a lover will grant you; but the intimacy from one who does not love, mixed with mortal temperance, managing mortal and thrifty things, breeding in the beloved soul a meanness praised by the multitude as virtue, will cause it to roll about the earth for nine thousand years and dwell under the earth without understanding.
§257ΣΩ. αὕτη σοι, ὦ φίλε Ἔρως, εἰς ἡμετέραν δύναμιν ὅτι καλλίστη καὶ ἀρίστη δέδοταί τε καὶ ἐκτέτεισται παλινῳδία, τά τε ἄλλα καὶ τοῖς ὀνόμασιν ἠναγκασμένη ποιητικοῖς τισιν διὰ Φαῖδρον εἰρῆσθαι.
SOCRATES: This, dear Eros, is given and paid to you as a recantation as beautiful and best as lies in our power, both in other respects and forced to be spoken in some poetic words because of Phaedrus.
ἀλλὰ τῶν προτέρων τε συγγνώμην καὶ τῶνδε χάριν ἔχων, εὐμενὴς καὶ ἵλεως τὴν ἐρωτικήν μοι τέχνην ἣν ἔδωκας μήτε ἀφέλῃ μήτε πηρώσῃς διʼ ὀργήν, δίδου τʼ ἔτι μᾶλλον ἢ νῦν παρὰ τοῖς καλοῖς τίμιον εἶναι.
But showing mercy for my former words and gratitude for these, be favorable and gracious, and neither take away nor disable through anger the art of love which you gave me, but grant that I may be still more than now honored among the beautiful.
ἐν τῷ πρόσθεν δʼ εἴ τι λόγῳ σοι ἀπηχὲς εἴπομεν Φαῖδρός τε καὶ ἐγώ, Λυσίαν τὸν τοῦ λόγου πατέρα αἰτιώμενος παῦε τῶν τοιούτων λόγων, ἐπὶ φιλοσοφίαν δέ, ὥσπερ ἁδελφὸς αὐτοῦ Πολέμαρχος τέτραπται, τρέψον, ἵνα καὶ ὁ ἐραστὴς ὅδε αὐτοῦ μηκέτι ἐπαμφοτερίζῃ καθάπερ νῦν, ἀλλʼ ἁπλῶς πρὸς ἔρωτα μετὰ φιλοσόφων λόγων τὸν βίον ποιῆται.
And if in what we said before, Phaedrus and I said anything harsh to you, blame Lysias, the father of the speech, and make him cease from such speeches, and turn him to philosophy, just as his brother Polemarchus has been turned, so that this lover of his may no longer waver as he does now, but may simply direct his life toward love along with philosophical discourses.
ΦΑΙ. συνεύχομαί σοι, ὦ Σώκρατες, εἴπερ ἄμεινον ταῦθʼ ἡμῖν εἶναι, ταῦτα γίγνεσθαι.
PHAEDRUS: I join in your prayer, Socrates, if indeed it is better for us that these things happen.
τὸν λόγον δέ σου πάλαι θαυμάσας ἔχω, ὅσῳ καλλίω τοῦ προτέρου ἀπηργάσω· ὥστε ὀκνῶ μή μοι ὁ Λυσίας ταπεινὸς φανῇ, ἐὰν ἄρα καὶ ἐθελήσῃ πρὸς αὐτὸν ἄλλον ἀντιπαρατεῖναι.
But I have long been admiring your speech, by how much more beautiful you have made it than the former one; so that I fear Lysias may appear cheap to me, if indeed he should even wish to set another speech of his own against it.
καὶ γάρ τις αὐτόν, ὦ θαυμάσιε, ἔναγχος τῶν πολιτικῶν τοῦτʼ αὐτὸ λοιδορῶν ὠνείδιζε, καὶ διὰ πάσης τῆς λοιδορίας ἐκάλει λογογράφον· τάχʼ οὖν ἂν ὑπὸ φιλοτιμίας ἐπίσχοι ἡμῖν ἂν τοῦ γράφειν.
And indeed, my wonderful friend, some politician recently, reviling him, reproached him for this very thing, and through all his abuse kept calling him a 'speech-writer'; so perhaps out of ambition he might refrain from writing for us.
ΣΩ. γελοῖόν γʼ, ὦ νεανία, τὸ δόγμα λέγεις, καὶ τοῦ ἑταίρου συχνὸν διαμαρτάνεις, εἰ αὐτὸν οὕτως ἡγῇ τινα ψοφοδεᾶ.
SOCRATES: A laughable opinion you are expressing, young man, and you are greatly mistaken about your friend, if you think him so easily frightened by noise.
ἴσως δὲ καὶ τὸν λοιδορούμενον αὐτῷ οἴει ὀνειδίζοντα λέγειν ἃ ἔλεγεν.
And perhaps you also think that the one who was reviling him said what he said with the intention of reproaching him.
ΦΑΙ. ἐφαίνετο γάρ, ὦ Σώκρατες· καὶ σύνοισθά που καὶ αὐτὸς ὅτι οἱ μέγιστον δυνάμενοί τε καὶ σεμνότατοι ἐν ταῖς πόλεσιν αἰσχύνονται λόγους τε γράφειν καὶ καταλείπειν συγγράμματα ἑαυτῶν, δόξαν φοβούμενοι τοῦ ἔπειτα χρόνου, μὴ σοφισταὶ καλῶνται.
PHAEDRUS: It certainly seemed so, Socrates; and you yourself surely know that those who have the greatest power and are most dignified in the cities are ashamed to write speeches and leave behind writings of their own, fearing the opinion of future time, lest they be called 'sophists'.
ΣΩ. γλυκὺς ἀγκών, ὦ Φαῖδρε, λέληθέν σε ὅτι ἀπὸ τοῦ μακροῦ ἀγκῶνος τοῦ κατὰ Νεῖλον ἐκλήθη· καὶ πρὸς τῷ ἀγκῶνι λανθάνει σε ὅτι οἱ μέγιστον φρονοῦντες τῶν πολιτικῶν μάλιστα ἐρῶσι λογογραφίας τε καὶ καταλείψεως συγγραμμάτων, οἵ γε καὶ ἐπειδάν τινα γράφωσι λόγον, οὕτως ἀγαπῶσι τοὺς ἐπαινέτας, ὥστε προσπαραγράφουσι πρώτους οἳ ἂν ἑκασταχοῦ ἐπαινῶσιν αὐτούς.
SOCRATES: A 'pleasant bend', Phaedrus, has escaped you, that it was named from the long bend near the Nile; and in addition to the bend, it escapes you that those of the politicians who think most highly of themselves love speech-writing and the leaving behind of writings most of all, since whenever they write any speech, they love those who praise them so much that they even write first of all the names of those who praise them in each instance.
ΦΑΙ. πῶς λέγεις τοῦτο;
PHAEDRUS: How do you mean this?
οὐ γὰρ μανθάνω.
For I do not understand.