§299ΞΕ. θεῶ δὴ καὶ τὸ μετὰ ταῦτα ἑπόμενον.
STRANGER: Look then also at what follows after this.
ἐπειδὰν γὰρ δὴ τῶν ἀρχόντων ἑκάστοις ὁ ἐνιαυτὸς ἐξέλθῃ, δεήσει δικαστήρια καθίσαντας ἀνδρῶν, ἢ τῶν πλουσίων ἐκ προκρίσεως ἢ σύμπαντος αὖ τοῦ δήμου τοὺς λαχόντας, εἰς τούτους εἰσάγειν τοὺς ἄρξαντας καὶ εὐθύνειν, κατηγορεῖν δὲ τὸν βουλόμενον ὡς οὐ κατὰ τὰ γράμματα τὸν ἐνιαυτὸν ἐκυβέρνησε τὰς ναῦς οὐδὲ κατὰ τὰ παλαιὰ τῶν προγόνων ἔθη·
For when the year has expired for each of the rulers, it will be necessary, having set up courts of men—either chosen by preliminary selection from the rich, or again from the whole populace by lot—to bring those who have ruled before these courts and audit them, and for anyone who wishes to accuse them that during their year they did not pilot the ships according to the written rules, nor according to the ancestral customs of the forefathers.
ταὐτὰ δὲ ταῦτα καὶ περὶ τῶν τοὺς κάμνοντας ἰωμένων·
And these same things must also be done concerning those who cure the sick.
ὧν δʼ ἂν καταψηφισθῇ τιμᾶν ὅτι χρὴ παθεῖν αὐτῶν τινας ἢ ἀποτίνειν.
And in the case of those who are condemned, the court must assess what they must suffer or pay as a fine.
ΝΕ. ΣΩ. οὐκοῦν ὅ γʼ ἐθέλων καὶ ἑκὼν ἐν τοῖς τοιούτοις ἄρχειν δικαιότατʼ ἂν ὁτιοῦν πάσχοι καὶ ἀποτίνοι.
YOUNG SOCRATES: Surely, then, anyone who willingly and voluntarily ruled under such conditions would most justly suffer any penalty or pay any fine.
ΞΕ. καὶ τοίνυν ἔτι δεήσει θέσθαι νόμον ἐπὶ πᾶσι τούτοις, ἄν τις κυβερνητικὴν καὶ τὸ ναυτικὸν ἢ τὸ ὑγιεινὸν καὶ ἰατρικῆς ἀλήθειαν περὶ πνεύματά τε καὶ θερμὰ καὶ ψυχρὰ ζητῶν φαίνηται παρὰ τὰ γράμματα καὶ σοφιζόμενος ὁτιοῦν περὶ τὰ τοιαῦτα, πρῶτον μὲν μήτε ἰατρικὸν αὐτὸν μήτε κυβερνητικὸν ὀνομάζειν ἀλλὰ μετεωρολόγον, ἀδολέσχην τινὰ σοφιστήν, εἶθʼ ὡς διαφθείροντα ἄλλους νεωτέρους καὶ ἀναπείθοντα ἐπιτίθεσθαι κυβερνητικῇ καὶ ἰατρικῇ μὴ κατὰ νόμους, ἀλλʼ αὐτοκράτορας ἄρχειν τῶν πλοίων καὶ τῶν νοσούντων, γραψάμενον εἰσάγειν τὸν βουλόμενον οἷς ἔξεστιν εἰς δή τι δικαστήριον·
STRANGER: And furthermore, it will be necessary to establish a law in addition to all these things: if anyone appears to search for the truth of piloting and navigation, or of health and medicine, concerning winds, hot things, and cold things, contrary to the written rules, and to play the sophist in any way concerning such matters, first, he must be called neither doctor nor pilot, but a stargazing, babbling sophist; and next, as one who corrupts other younger men and persuades them to undertake piloting and medicine not according to the laws, but to rule the ships and the sick with absolute power, anyone who wishes and is permitted should indict him and bring him before some court.
ἂν δὲ παρὰ τοὺς νόμους καὶ τὰ γεγραμμένα δόξῃ πείθειν εἴτε νέους εἴτε πρεσβύτας, κολάζειν τοῖς ἐσχάτοις.
And if he is judged to be persuading either young or old contrary to the laws and the written rules, he must be punished with the extreme penalties.
οὐδὲν γὰρ δεῖν τῶν νόμων εἶναι σοφώτερον· οὐδένα γὰρ ἀγνοεῖν τό τε ἰατρικὸν καὶ τὸ ὑγιεινὸν οὐδὲ τὸ κυβερνητικὸν καὶ ναυτικόν· ἐξεῖναι γὰρ τῷ βουλομένῳ μανθάνειν γεγραμμένα καὶ πάτρια ἔθη κείμενα.
For they say that nothing ought to be wiser than the laws, since no one is ignorant of medicine and health, nor of piloting and navigation; for it is permitted to anyone who wishes to learn the written rules and established ancestral customs.
ταῦτα δὴ περί τε ταύτας τὰς ἐπιστήμας εἰ γίγνοιτο οὕτως ὡς λέγομεν, ὦ Σώκρατες, καὶ στρατηγικῆς καὶ συμπάσης ἡστινοσοῦν θηρευτικῆς καὶ γραφικῆς ἢ συμπάσης μέρος ὁτιοῦν μιμητικῆς καὶ τεκτονικῆς καὶ συνόλης ὁποιασοῦν σκευουργίας ἢ καὶ γεωργίας καὶ τῆς περὶ τὰ φυτὰ συνόλης τέχνης, ἢ καί τινα ἱπποφορβίαν αὖ κατὰ συγγράμματα θεασαίμεθα γιγνομένην ἢ σύμπασαν ἀγελαιοκομικὴν ἢ μαντικὴν ἢ πᾶν ὅτι μέρος διακονικὴ περιείληφεν, ἢ πεττείαν ἢ σύμπασαν ἀριθμητικὴν ψιλὴν εἴτε ἐπίπεδον εἴτʼ ἐν βάθεσιν εἴτʼ ἐν τάχεσιν οὖσάν που, — περὶ ἅπαντα ταῦτα οὕτω πραττόμενα τί ποτʼ ἂν φανείη, κατὰ συγγράμματα γιγνόμενα καὶ μὴ κατὰ τέχνην;
Now, if these things were to happen in this way as we say concerning these sciences, Socrates, and concerning generalship, and any kind of hunting, and painting, or any part of imitation as a whole, and carpentry, and any kind of manufacture of tools overall, or indeed agriculture and the whole art concerning plants, or if we were to see some horse-breeding carried out according to written rules, or any cattle-breeding, or prophecy, or everything that the department of service encompasses, or draughts-playing, or all pure arithmetic, whether it be in plane surfaces, or in solids, or in velocities,—if all these things were practiced in this way, happening according to written rules and not according to art, what indeed would it appear to be?
ΝΕ. ΣΩ. δῆλον ὅτι πᾶσαί τε αἱ τέχναι παντελῶς ἂν ἀπόλοιντο ἡμῖν, καὶ οὐδʼ εἰς αὖθις γένοιντʼ ἄν ποτε διὰ τὸν ἀποκωλύοντα τοῦτον ζητεῖν νόμον· ὥστε ὁ βίος, ὢν καὶ νῦν χαλεπός, εἰς τὸν χρόνον ἐκεῖνον ἀβίωτος γίγνοιτʼ ἂν τὸ παράπαν.
YOUNG SOCRATES: It is clear that all the arts would utterly perish for us, and would never arise again hereafter because of this law which forbids investigation; so that life, which is difficult even now, would in that future time become altogether unlivable.