§259ΞΕ. μὴ τοίνυν ἡμᾶς εἴπῃ τις ὅτι τοὐναντίον τοῦ ὄντος τὸ μὴ ὂν ἀποφαινόμενοι τολμῶμεν λέγειν ὡς ἔστιν.
STR. Therefore, let no one say that we, by declaring 'not-being' to be the opposite of 'being', dare to say that it exists.
ἡμεῖς γὰρ περὶ μὲν ἐναντίου τινὸς αὐτῷ χαίρειν πάλαι λέγομεν, εἴτʼ ἔστιν εἴτε μή, λόγον ἔχον ἢ καὶ παντάπασιν ἄλογον·
For as for any opposite to it, we have long since said goodbye to it, whether it exists or not, and whether it has a rational explanation or is completely irrational.
ὃ δὲ νῦν εἰρήκαμεν εἶναι τὸ μὴ ὄν, ἢ πεισάτω τις ὡς οὐ καλῶς λέγομεν ἐλέγξας, ἢ μέχριπερ ἂν ἀδυνατῇ, λεκτέον καὶ ἐκείνῳ καθάπερ ἡμεῖς λέγομεν, ὅτι συμμείγνυταί τε ἀλλήλοις τὰ γένη καὶ τό τε ὂν καὶ θάτερον διὰ πάντων καὶ διʼ ἀλλήλων διεληλυθότε τὸ μὲν ἕτερον μετασχὸν τοῦ ὄντος ἔστι μὲν διὰ ταύτην τὴν μέθεξιν, οὐ μὴν ἐκεῖνό γε οὗ μετέσχεν ἀλλʼ ἕτερον, ἕτερον δὲ τοῦ ὄντος ὂν ἔστι σαφέστατα ἐξ ἀνάγκης εἶναι μὴ ὄν·
But as for what we have now said 'not-being' is, either let someone refute us and convince us that we do not speak well, or, as long as he is unable to do so, he too must say just as we say: namely, that the genera associate with one another, and both being and 'the other' have pervaded through all things and through one another, so that 'the other', sharing in being, indeed exists because of this participation, yet is certainly not that very thing in which it shares, but other; and being other than being, it is most clearly and of necessity not-being.
τὸ δὲ ὂν αὖ θατέρου μετειληφὸς ἕτερον τῶν ἄλλων ἂν εἴη γενῶν, ἕτερον δʼ ἐκείνων ἁπάντων ὂν οὐκ ἔστιν ἕκαστον αὐτῶν οὐδὲ σύμπαντα τὰ ἄλλα πλὴν αὐτό, ὥστε τὸ ὂν ἀναμφισβητήτως αὖ μυρία ἐπὶ μυρίοις οὐκ ἔστι, καὶ τἆλλα δὴ καθʼ ἕκαστον οὕτω καὶ σύμπαντα πολλαχῇ μὲν ἔστι, πολλαχῇ δʼ οὐκ ἔστιν.
And being in turn, having shared in 'the other', would be other than the other genera, and being other than all of those, it is not each of them, nor is it all the other things together, except itself. Consequently, being in turn indisputably is not in myriad upon myriad of ways; and indeed the other things as well, both individually and collectively in this way, in many ways exist, and in many ways do not exist.
ΘΕΑΙ. ἀληθῆ.
THEAE. True.
ΞΕ. καὶ ταύταις δὴ ταῖς ἐναντιώσεσιν εἴτε ἀπιστεῖ τις, σκεπτέον αὐτῷ καὶ λεκτέον βέλτιόν τι τῶν νῦν εἰρημένων· εἴτε ὥς τι χαλεπὸν κατανενοηκὼς χαίρει τοτὲ μὲν ἐπὶ θάτερα τοτὲ δʼ ἐπὶ θάτερα τοὺς λόγους ἕλκων, οὐκ ἄξια πολλῆς σπουδῆς ἐσπούδακεν, ὡς οἱ νῦν λόγοι φασί.
STR. And indeed, if anyone disbelieves these oppositions, he must examine them and state something better than what has now been said; or if, having understood this as something difficult, he rejoices in dragging arguments now in one direction, now in another, he has not made efforts worthy of much serious attention, as our present arguments assert.
τοῦτο μὲν γὰρ οὔτε τι κομψὸν οὔτε χαλεπὸν εὑρεῖν, ἐκεῖνο δʼ ἤδη καὶ χαλεπὸν ἅμα καὶ καλόν.
For this is neither elegant nor difficult to find, whereas that other thing is already both difficult and beautiful.
ΘΕΑΙ. τὸ ποῖον;
THEAE. What sort of thing?
ΞΕ. ὃ καὶ πρόσθεν εἴρηται, τὸ ταῦτα ἐάσαντα ὡς δυνατὰ τοῖς λεγομένοις οἷόν τʼ εἶναι καθʼ ἕκαστον ἐλέγχοντα ἐπακολουθεῖν, ὅταν τέ τις ἕτερον ὄν πῃ ταὐτὸν εἶναι φῇ καὶ ὅταν ταὐτὸν ὂν ἕτερον, ἐκείνῃ καὶ κατʼ ἐκεῖνο ὅ φησι τούτων πεπονθέναι πότερον.
STR. That which was also said before: to leave these things aside as possible, and to be able to follow what is said, refuting it point by point, whenever someone says that what is other is somehow the same, and what is the same is other, in that very way and in respect of that very thing in which he says either of these has experienced this.
τὸ δὲ ταὐτὸν ἕτερον ἀποφαίνειν ἁμῇ γέ πῃ καὶ τὸ θάτερον ταὐτὸν καὶ τὸ μέγα σμικρὸν καὶ τὸ ὅμοιον ἀνόμοιον, καὶ χαίρειν οὕτω τἀναντία ἀεὶ προφέροντα ἐν τοῖς λόγοις, οὔτε τις ἔλεγχος οὗτος ἀληθινὸς ἄρτι τε τῶν ὄντων τινὸς ἐφαπτομένου δῆλος νεογενὴς ὤν.
But to show that the same is other in some way or other, and the other same, and the large small, and the like unlike, and to rejoice in thus always bringing forward opposites in arguments, is no true refutation, and is clearly the product of one who has only recently laid hands on beings.
ΘΕΑΙ. κομιδῇ μὲν οὖν.
THEAE. Completely so.
ΞΕ. καὶ γάρ, ὠγαθέ, τό γε πᾶν ἀπὸ παντὸς ἐπιχειρεῖν ἀποχωρίζειν ἄλλως τε οὐκ ἐμμελὲς καὶ δὴ καὶ παντάπασιν ἀμούσου τινὸς καὶ ἀφιλοσόφου.
STR. For indeed, my good friend, to attempt to separate everything from everything else is not only unharmonious in other respects, but is also the mark of someone completely uncultured and unphilosophical.
ΘΕΑΙ. τί δή;
THEAE. Why so?
ΞΕ. τελεωτάτη πάντων λόγων ἐστὶν ἀφάνισις τὸ διαλύειν ἕκαστον ἀπὸ πάντων· διὰ γὰρ τὴν ἀλλήλων τῶν εἰδῶν συμπλοκὴν ὁ λόγος γέγονεν ἡμῖν.
STR. The dissolving of each thing from everything else is the most complete annihilation of all speech; for speech has come to be for us through the weaving together of the forms with one another.
ΘΕΑΙ. ἀληθῆ.
THEAE. True.