§28ἀλλὰ γάρ, ὦ ἄνδρες Ἀθηναῖοι, ὡς μὲν ἐγὼ οὐκ ἀδικῶ κατὰ τὴν Μελήτου γραφήν, οὐ πολλῆς μοι δοκεῖ εἶναι ἀπολογίας, ἀλλὰ ἱκανὰ καὶ ταῦτα·
But indeed, gentlemen of Athens, that I am not guilty according to Meletus' indictment does not seem to me to require much defense, but even these arguments are sufficient.
ὃ δὲ καὶ ἐν τοῖς ἔμπροσθεν ἔλεγον, ὅτι πολλή μοι ἀπέχθεια γέγονεν καὶ πρὸς πολλούς, εὖ ἴστε ὅτι ἀληθές ἐστιν.
But what I was also saying before, that much hatred has arisen against me and among many people, know well that this is true.
καὶ τοῦτʼ ἔστιν ὃ ἐμὲ αἱρεῖ, ἐάνπερ αἱρῇ, οὐ Μέλητος οὐδὲ Ἄνυτος ἀλλʼ ἡ τῶν πολλῶν διαβολή τε καὶ φθόνος.
And this is what will convict me, if indeed it convicts me—not Meletus nor Anytus, but the slander and envy of the many.
ἃ δὴ πολλοὺς καὶ ἄλλους καὶ ἀγαθοὺς ἄνδρας ᾕρηκεν, οἶμαι δὲ καὶ αἱρήσει· οὐδὲν δὲ δεινὸν μὴ ἐν ἐμοὶ στῇ.
Which indeed has convicted many other good men too, and I think will convict them in the future; and there is no danger that it will stop with me.
ἴσως ἂν οὖν εἴποι τις· εἶτʼ οὐκ αἰσχύνῃ, ὦ Σώκρατες, τοιοῦτον ἐπιτήδευμα ἐπιτηδεύσας ἐξ οὗ κινδυνεύεις νυνὶ ἀποθανεῖν; ἐγὼ δὲ τούτῳ ἂν δίκαιον λόγον ἀντείποιμι, ὅτι
οὐ καλῶς λέγεις, ὦ ἄνθρωπε, εἰ οἴει δεῖν κίνδυνον ὑπολογίζεσθαι τοῦ ζῆν ἢ τεθνάναι ἄνδρα ὅτου τι καὶ σμικρὸν ὄφελός ἐστιν, ἀλλʼ οὐκ ἐκεῖνο μόνον σκοπεῖν ὅταν πράττῃ, πότερον δίκαια ἢ ἄδικα πράττει, καὶ ἀνδρὸς ἀγαθοῦ ἔργα ἢ κακοῦ. φαῦλοι γὰρ ἂν τῷ γε σῷ λόγῳ εἶεν τῶν ἡμιθέων ὅσοι ἐν Τροίᾳ τετελευτήκασιν οἵ τε ἄλλοι καὶ ὁ τῆς Θέτιδος υἱός, ὃς τοσοῦτον τοῦ κινδύνου κατεφρόνησεν παρὰ τὸ αἰσχρόν τι ὑπομεῖναι ὥστε, ἐπειδὴ εἶπεν ἡ μήτηρ αὐτῷ προθυμουμένῳ Ἕκτορα ἀποκτεῖναι, θεὸς οὖσα, οὑτωσί πως, ὡς ἐγὼ οἶμαι· ὦ παῖ, εἰ τιμωρήσεις Πατρόκλῳ τῷ ἑταίρῳ τὸν φόνον καὶ Ἕκτορα ἀποκτενεῖς, αὐτὸς ἀποθανῇ—αὐτίκα γάρ τοι,
φησί,
μεθʼ Ἕκτορα πότμος ἑτοῖμος
—ὁ δὲ τοῦτο ἀκούσας τοῦ μὲν θανάτου καὶ τοῦ κινδύνου ὠλιγώρησε, πολὺ δὲ μᾶλλον δείσας τὸ ζῆν κακὸς ὢν καὶ τοῖς φίλοις μὴ τιμωρεῖν,
αὐτίκα,
φησί,
τεθναίην, δίκην ἐπιθεὶς τῷ ἀδικοῦντι, ἵνα μὴ ἐνθάδε μένω καταγέλαστος παρὰ νηυσὶ κορωνίσιν ἄχθος ἀρούρης. ὴ αὐτὸν οἴει φροντίσαι θανάτου καὶ κινδύνου;
Perhaps, then, someone might say: "Are you not ashamed, Socrates, of having pursued such a pursuit from which you now run the risk of dying?" But I would answer him with a just argument, saying: "You do not speak well, my friend, if you think that a man who is of even some small benefit ought to calculate the danger of living or dying, and not rather look to this alone when he acts, whether he acts justly or unjustly, and whether he does the deeds of a good man or a bad man." For indeed, according to your argument, those of the demigods who died at Troy would be worthless, both the others and especially the son of Thetis, who so despised danger in comparison with submitting to anything shameful that, when he was eager to kill Hector, his mother, who was a goddess, said to him, as I think, something like this: "My child, if you avenge the murder of your companion Patroclus and kill Hector, you yourself will die; for immediately," she says, "after Hector, your fate is ready." But he, having heard this, made light of death and danger, and fearing much more to live as a coward and not to avenge his friends, said: "Let me die immediately, having inflicted punishment on the wrongdoer, so that I may not remain here as a laughingstock beside the curved ships, a burden on the earth." Do you think he cared about death and danger?
οὕτω γὰρ ἔχει, ὦ ἄνδρες Ἀθηναῖοι, τῇ ἀληθείᾳ· οὗ ἄν τις ἑαυτὸν τάξῃ ἡγησάμενος βέλτιστον εἶναι ἢ ὑπʼ ἄρχοντος ταχθῇ, ἐνταῦθα δεῖ, ὡς ἐμοὶ δοκεῖ, μένοντα κινδυνεύειν, μηδὲν ὑπολογιζόμενον μήτε θάνατον μήτε ἄλλο μηδὲν πρὸ τοῦ αἰσχροῦ.
For this is how it is, gentlemen of Athens, in truth: wherever a man posts himself, thinking it is best, or is posted by his commander, there he must, as it seems to me, remain and run the risks, calculating neither death nor anything else before what is shameful.
ἐγὼ οὖν δεινὰ ἂν εἴην εἰργασμένος, ὦ ἄνδρες Ἀθηναῖοι, εἰ ὅτε μέν με οἱ ἄρχοντες ἔταττον, οὓς ὑμεῖς εἵλεσθε ἄρχειν μου, καὶ ἐν Ποτειδαίᾳ καὶ ἐν Ἀμφιπόλει καὶ ἐπὶ Δηλίῳ, τότε μὲν οὗ ἐκεῖνοι ἔταττον ἔμενον ὥσπερ καὶ ἄλλος τις καὶ ἐκινδύνευον ἀποθανεῖν, τοῦ δὲ θεοῦ τάττοντος, ὡς ἐγὼ ᾠήθην τε καὶ ὑπέλαβον, φιλοσοφοῦντά με δεῖν ζῆν καὶ ἐξετάζοντα ἐμαυτὸν καὶ τοὺς ἄλλους, ἐνταῦθα δὲ φοβηθεὶς ἢ θάνατον ἢ ἄλλʼ ὁτιοῦν πρᾶγμα λίποιμι τὴν τάξιν.
I should then have done a terrible thing, gentlemen of Athens, if, when the commanders whom you chose to rule over me ordered me, both at Potidaea and at Amphipolis and at Delium, I then remained where they posted me like anyone else and ran the risk of dying, but when the god orders me, as I thought and believed, that I must live philosophizing and examining myself and others, I should then, fearing either death or any other thing, desert my post.