§5#1Τὰς δ’ ἄλλας ἐφεξῆς ἐρῶ, κατὰ τὴν τῆς χρείας τάξιν, ἐπειδὰν πρότερον ὀνόματα θῶ τοῖς εἰρημένοις τῆς τριταίας περιόδου καιροῖς.
But I shall speak of the other causes in succession, according to the order of utility, after I have first assigned names to the mentioned periods of the tertian cycle.
Ἱπποκράτους γοῦν εἰρηκότος· οἱ πυρετοὶ ὁκόσοι μὴ διαλείποντες διὰ τρίτης ἰσχυροὶ γίνονται, ἐπικίνδυνοι· ὅτῳ δ’ ἂν τρόπῳ διαλίπωσι, σημαίνει, ὅτι ἀκίνδυνοι· τὸ διαλιπεῖν οὐκ ἔστιν ἐπ’ ἄλλου δέξασθαι μέρους τῆς περιόδου, τὴν ἀπυρεξίαν ὑπερβάντα.
At any rate, Hippocrates having said: "All those fevers which, not intermitting, become strong every other day, are dangerous; but in whatever way they may intermit, it signifies that they are free from danger"; it is not possible to understand "intermitting" in reference to any other part of the period, bypassing the apyrexia.
οὐ γὰρ δὴ τοῦτό γέ φησιν, ὅτῳ δ’ ἂν τρόπῳ παρακμάζωσιν, οὐ γὰρ ἀληθὲς τοῦτο.
For he certainly does not mean this: "in whatever way they may decline," for this is not true.
χείριστος γὰρ πυρετῶν ὑπάρχων ὁ ἡμιτριταῖος, ὅμως εἰς παρακμὴν ἀφικνεῖται σαφῆ τοῖς πολλοῖς, καὶ ἐν ἄλλοις ἅπασι κατά γε τοῦτο παραπλησίως, ὅτι μὴ τοῖς συνόχοις ὠνομασμένοις· οὗτοι γὰρ μόνοι πυρετοὶ οὐκ ἔχουσι παρακμὴν αἰσθητὴν, ὥσπερ οὐδὲ τὴν ὅλην περίοδον, οὔτε τινα ἄλλην διαφορὰν τῶν προειρημένων, ἀλλ’ οἵαν ἔφαμεν εἶναι τῶν τριταίων τὴν ἐπὶ τοῦ μεγέθους ἔν τινι χρόνῳ στάσιν, ἐκεῖνοι τοιαύτην ἔχουσιν ὀλίγου δεῖν ἅπασαν αὐτῶν τὴν διέξοδον.
For the semitertian, being the worst of fevers, nevertheless arrives at a decline clear to most people, and in all other fevers it is similar in this respect at least, except for those named continuous; for these fevers alone do not have a perceptible decline, just as they do not have the whole period, nor any other difference of those mentioned before, but of what sort we said the standstill at the height in a certain time is in the case of tertian fevers, those have such a standstill during almost their entire course.
εἴπερ οὖν, ὡς ἔφην, ἀκίνδυνοι κατά γε τὴν ἑαυτῶν φύσιν εἰσὶν οἱ εἰς ἀπυρεξίαν λήγοντες, ὡς ἐν τοῖς περὶ αὐτῶν λόγοις ἐπεδείξαμεν, οὐκ ἄλλό τι τὸ διαλιπεῖν Ἱπποκράτης ὠνόμασεν, ἢ τὸ λήγειν εἰς ἀπυρεξίαν. ὥστ’ εὐλόγως ἄν τις ἑπόμενος τῇ παλαιᾷ συνηθείᾳ διάλειμμα καλέσειεν ἐν ταῖς τῶν τριταίων περιόδοις τὸν καιρὸν τῆς ἀπυρεξίας· ὥσπέρ γε καὶ τὴν ἐπὶ τοῦ μεγίστου μεγέθους στάσιν, ὡς πρὸς τὴν αἴσθησιν ἡμῶν τῶν ἁπτομένων, αὐτῶν τε τῶν καμνόντων, ἀκμήν. οὕτω γοῦν καὶ ἡ τῶν ἡλικιῶν ἀκμὴ τὸ τελεώτατόν ἐστι, καὶ φαίνεται καὶ τούτῳ τῷ ὀνόματι, καθάπερ καὶ τῷ διαλείπειν ὁ Ἱπποκράτης χρώμενος. ἀλλὰ καὶ τὸ πρῶτον μέρος τῆς περιόδου κατά γε τὴν πρώτην ἡμέραν γενόμενον ἐπὶ τῇ μεταπτώσει τοῦ κατὰ φύσιν, ἔν τε τῇ τρίτῃ καὶ τῇ πέμπτῃ καὶ ταῖς ἀνάλογον, ὡσαύτως περιοδίζον ἐπὶ τῷ διαλείμματι, καλοῦσιν ἀρχὴν, οὐχ Ἱπποκράτης μόνον, ἀλλὰ καὶ οἱ ἄλλοι σχεδὸν ἅπαντες ἰατροί.
If, therefore, as I said, those ending in apyrexia are free from danger at least according to their own nature, as we demonstrated in the discussions concerning them, Hippocrates named "to intermit" nothing other than "to end in apyrexia." So that one, following ancient custom, might reasonably call the period of apyrexia "intermission" in the periods of the tertians; just as one also calls the standstill at the greatest magnitude, both to the perception of us who touch them and of the sick themselves, the "height." At any rate, the "prime" of ages is also the most perfect stage, and Hippocrates is seen using this name too, just as he uses "to intermit." But also the first part of the period, occurring on the first day upon the change from the natural state, and on the third and fifth and analogous days, likewise recurring periodically after the intermission, they call the "beginning"—not only Hippocrates, but almost all other doctors as well.
μετὰ δὲ τὴν ἀρχὴν ἐναργῶς γνωριζομένην τῇ ψύξει δεύτερος ἦν καιρὸς ὁ τῆς ἀνωμαλίας, καὶ τρίτος ὁ τῆς αὐξήσεως, ἄχρι τῆς ἀκμῆς.
And after the beginning, which is clearly recognized by the chill, the second period was that of irregularity, and the third that of increase, up to the height.
ἐπικοινωνοῦντας δ’ αὐτοὺς ἀλλήλοις οὐκ ἀκριβῶς ἐθεάσαντο πάντες, ἰδέᾳ διαφέροντας· ὀνομάζουσί τε τὸ συγκείμενον ἐξ ἀμφοῖν, ὡς ἓν ὅλον, οἱ μὲν ἐπίδοσιν, οἱ δ’ αὔξησιν, οἱ δ’ ἀνάβασιν παροξυσμοῦ. καὶ μέντοι καὶ λέγουσιν ἀληθές τι· μετὰ γὰρ τὸν πρῶτον καιρὸν, ἐν ᾧ καταψύχεται μὲν τὰ ἐκτὸς, εἰς δὲ τὸ βάθος ἐναργῶς φαίνεται τὸ αἷμα συῤῥέον, ἕτερός ἐστι καιρὸς ὅλος, ὅλῳ τῷδε κατ’ ἀντίθεσιν ὑφιστάμενος, διαμαχομένου μὲν τοῦ θερμοῦ τῇ ψύξει; ἀποτεινομένου δὲ πρὸς τὰ ἐκτὸς τοῦ αἵματος.
But not everyone precisely observed that these overlap with each other while differing in form; and some call the compound of both, as one whole, "progression," others "increase," and others "ascent of paroxysm." And indeed they also say something true; for after the first period, in which the external parts are chilled, but the blood clearly appears to rush together into the depth, there is another entire period, standing in opposition to this whole one, with the heat fighting against the chill, and the blood extending towards the exterior.
καὶ εἴ γ’ οὕτως αὐτὸν ἕνα λέγοιεν, ὡς εἴρηται νῦν, οὐ διοίσει καλεῖν τοῦτον ὅλον τὸν καιρὸν ἀνάβασιν· εἰ δ’ οὕτω καλέσαντες, ἄτμητον ἐάσειαν, οὐ σμικρὰ βλάψουσι τὴν τέχνην.
And if they should speak of it as one in this way, as has just been said, it will make no difference to call this whole period the "ascent"; but if, having so called it, they should leave it undivided, they will harm the art in no small way.
ὁ γὰρ τῆς ἀνωμαλίας ἐν αὐτῷ καιρὸς ὁ πρῶτος ἑτέρων ἔνδειξιν ἔχει βοηθημάτων, καὶ οὐ πάντῃ τῶν αὐτῶν τῷ μετ’ αὐτὸν καιρῷ, καθ’ ὃν ὁμαλὴς μὲν ἡ τοῦ παντὸς σώματος κατάστασίς ἐστιν, αὔξησις δὲ τῶν ὄντων, ἐπὶ τῆς αὐτῆς ἰδέας μενόντων, ἄχρι τῆς ἀκμῆς·
For the first period of irregularity in it has indication of other remedies, and not entirely of the same as the period after it, during which the state of the whole body is uniform, but there is an increase of what is present, while remaining in the same form, up to the height.
λοιπὴ δὲ ἡ παρακμὴ καιρὸς εἷς ἐστιν ὅμοιος ἑαυτῷ κατὰ τὴν ἰδέαν, ὅτι μὴ τῷ μᾶλλόν τε καὶ ἧττον αὐτὰ τὰ μόρια διαφέρει.
And the remaining decline is one period, similar to itself in form, except insofar as the parts themselves differ in the more and the less.
ἀλλὰ τοῦτό γε καὶ τῷ πρώτῳ καιρῷ τῆς ἀρχῆς, καὶ τῷ δευτέρῳ τῷ τῆς ἀνωμαλίας, καὶ ἔτι τῷ τρίτῳ τῆς ἀναβάσεως ὑπάρχει.
But this indeed belongs also to the first period of the beginning, and to the second of irregularity, and still to the third of ascent.
καὶ γὰρ τούτων ἑκάστῳ διαφορά τίς ἐστι κατὰ μέρος αἰσθητῶς ὑπαλλαττομένῳ.
For to each of these also there is some difference as it changes perceptibly in part.