Humanitext Reader

Pindar · Olympian Odes §9.1-9.112

Epharmostus' Victory and the Myth of Opus

Passage 10 of 15 · Greek

Summary

The poet praises the wrestling champion Epharmostus, highlighting the mythic history of his homeland Opus and chronicling his numerous athletic victories across various sacred games.

§9.1τὸ μὲν Ἀρχιλόχου μέλος §9.2φωνᾶεν Ὀλυμπίᾳ, καλλίνικος ὁ τριπλόος κεχλαδώς, §9.3ἄρκεσε Κρόνιον παρʼ ὄχθον ἁγεμονεῦσαι §9.4κωμάζοντι φίλοις Ἐφαρμόστῳ σὺν ἑταίροις· §9.5ἀλλὰ νῦν ἑκαταβόλων Μοισᾶν ἀπὸ τόξων §9.6Δία τε φοινικοστερόπαν σεμνόν τʼ ἐπίνειμαι §9.7ἀκρωτήριον Ἄλιδος §9.8τοιοῖσδε βέλεσσιν, §9.9τὸ δή ποτε Λυδὸς ἥρως Πέλοψ §9.10ἐξάρατο κάλλιστον ἕδνον Ἱπποδαμείας· §9.11πτερόεντα δʼ ἵει γλυκὺν §9.12Πυθώναδʼ ὀϊστόν· οὔτοι χαμαιπετέων λόγων ἐφάψεαι §9.13ἀνδρὸς ἀμφὶ παλαίσμασιν φόρμιγγʼ ἐλελίζων §9.14κλεινᾶς ἐξ Ὀπόεντος· αἰνήσαις ἓ καὶ υἱόν, §9.15ἃν Θέμις θυγάτηρ τέ οἱ σώτειρα λέλογχεν
The song of Archilochus indeed, resounding at Olympia, the triple victory song swelling, sufficed to lead the way near the hill of Cronus for Epharmostus as he went in revel with his dear companions; but now, from the far-shooting bows of the Muses, shoot at Zeus of the red lightning and the holy promontory of Elis, with such arrows, which once the Lydian hero Pelops won as the fairest dowry of Hippodameia; and send a sweet winged arrow to Pytho; indeed, you will not touch words falling to the ground, when you vibrate the lyre for the wrestling-matches of a man from famous Opus; praise both her and her son, whom saving Themis and her daughter have obtained as their share, glorious Eunomia, have obtained as their allotment; and she flourishes with virtues beside your stream, Castalia, and beside the stream of Alpheus; whence the choicest of crowns raise up the famous mother of the Locrians, famous with its beautiful trees.
§9.16μεγαλόδοξος Εὐνομία, θάλλει δʼ ἀρεταῖσιν §9.17σόν τε, Κασταλία, πάρα §9.18Ἀλφεοῦ τε ῥέεθρον· §9.19ὅθεν στεφάνων ἄωτοι κλυτὰν §9.20Λοκρῶν ἐπαείροντι ματέρʼ ἀγλαόδενδρον. §9.21ἐγὼ δέ τοι φίλαν πόλιν §9.22μαλεραῖς ἐπιφλέγων ἀοιδαῖς, §9.23καὶ ἀγάνορος ἵππου §9.24θᾶσσον καὶ ναὸς ὑποπτέρου παντᾷ §9.25ἀγγελίαν πέμψω ταύταν, §9.26εἰ σύν τινι μοιριδίῳ παλάμᾳ §9.27ἐξαίρετον Χαρίτων νέμομαι κᾶπον· §9.28κεῖναι γὰρ ὤπασαν τὰ τέρπνʼ· ἀγαθοὶ δὲ καὶ σοφοὶ κατὰ δαίμονʼ ἄνδρες §9.29ἐγένοντʼ·
And I, indeed, for the dear city, kindling it with blazing songs, and swifter than a proud horse and a winged ship, everywhere will send this message, if indeed with some fated hand I cultivate the choice garden of the Graces; for they grant pleasant things; and men become brave and wise by divine dispensation.
ἐπεὶ ἀντία §9.30πῶς ἂν τριόδοντος Ἡρακλέης σκύταλον τίναξε χερσίν, §9.31ἁνίκʼ ἀμφὶ Πύλον σταθεὶς ἤρειδε Ποσειδᾶν §9.32ἤρειδεν δέ νιν ἀργυρέῳ τόξῳ πολεμίζων §9.33Φοῖβος, οὐδʼ Ἀΐδας ἀκινήταν ἔχε ῥάβδον, §9.34βρότεα σώμαθʼ ᾇ κατάγει κοίλαν πρὸς ἀγυιὰν §9.35θνᾳσκόντων;
Since otherwise, how could Heracles have brandished the club in his hands against the trident, when Poseidon, standing around Pylos, pressed him hard, and Phoebus pressed him, fighting with silver bow, nor did Hades keep his staff unmoved, with which he leads mortal bodies down to the hollow street of the dying?
ἀπό μοι λόγον §9.36τοῦτον, στόμα, ῥῖψον·
Fling away from me this word, O mouth!
§9.37ἐπεὶ τό γε λοιδορῆσαι θεοὺς §9.38ἐχθρὰ σοφία, καὶ τὸ καυχᾶσθαι παρὰ καιρὸν §9.39μανίαισιν ὑποκρέκει.
Since to insult the gods is a hateful wisdom, and to boast out of season accords with madness.
§9.40μὴ νῦν λαλάγει τὰ τοιαῦτʼ· ἔα πόλεμον μάχαν τε πᾶσαν §9.41χωρὶς ἀθανάτων·
Babble not now of such things; leave all war and battle apart from the immortals.
φέροις δὲ Πρωτογενείας §9.42ἄστει γλῶσσαν, ἵνʼ αἰολοβρόντα Διὸς αἴσᾳ §9.43Πύρρα Δευκαλίων τε Παρνασοῦ καταβάντε §9.44δόμον ἔθεντο πρῶτον, ἄτερ δʼ εὐνᾶς ὁμόδαμον §9.45κτισσάσθαν λίθινον γόνον· §9.46λαοὶ δʼ ὀνύμασθεν. §9.47ἔγειρʼ ἐπέων σφιν οἶμον λιγύν, §9.48αἴνει δὲ παλαιὸν μὲν οἶνον, ἄνθεα δʼ ὕμνων §9.49νεωτέρων.
But bring your tongue to the city of Protogeneia, where, by the decree of Zeus of the flashing thunderbolt, Pyrrha and Deucalion, having descended from Parnassus, established their home first, and without union created a united people, stone offspring; and they were named "laoi." Arouse for them a clear path of song, and praise old wine, but the flowers of newer songs.
λέγοντι μὰν §9.50χθόνα μὲν κατακλύσαι μέλαιναν §9.51ὕδατος σθένος, ἀλλὰ §9.52Ζηνὸς τέχναις ἀνάπωτιν ἐξαίφνας §9.53ἄντλον ἑλεῖν.
Indeed they say that the dark earth was flooded by the power of water, but by the arts of Zeus, an ebb suddenly drained the flood.
κείνων ἔσαν §9.54χαλκάσπιδες ὑμέτεροι πρόγονοι §9.55ἀρχᾶθεν Ἰαπετιονίδος φύτλας §9.56κοῦροι κορᾶν καὶ φερτάτων Κρονιδᾶν, ἐγχώριοι βασιλῆες αἰεί, §9.57πρὶν Ὀλύμπιος ἁγεμὼν §9.58θύγατρʼ ἀπὸ γᾶς Ἐπειῶν Ὀπόεντος ἀναρπάσαις, ἕκαλος §9.59μίχθη Μαιναλίαισιν ἐν δειραῖς, καὶ ἔνεικεν §9.60Λοκρῷ, μὴ καθέλοι μιν αἰὼν πότμον ἐφάψαις §9.61ὀρφανὸν γενεᾶς.
From them came your bronze-shielded ancestors from the beginning, of the race of Iapetus' daughter, sons of daughters and of the mightiest sons of Cronus, native kings always, before the Olympian ruler having snatched the daughter of Opus from the land of the Epeians, quietly united with her in the Maenalian ridges, and brought her to Locrus, lest life should destroy him, bringing on a destiny bereft of offspring.
ἔχεν δὲ σπέρμα μέγιστον §9.62ἄλοχος, εὐφράνθη τε ἰδὼν ἥρως θετὸν υἱόν, §9.63μάτρωος δʼ ἐκάλεσσέ νιν §9.64ἰσώνυμον ἔμμεν, §9.65ὑπέρφατον ἄνδρα μορφᾷ τε καὶ §9.66ἔργοισι.
But the wife held the greatest seed, and the hero was glad when he saw his adopted son, and he called him by his mother's father's name to be his namesake, a man outstanding in beauty and in deeds.
πόλιν δʼ ὤπασεν λαόν τε διαιτᾶν.
And he gave him the city and the people to rule.
§9.67ἀφίκοντο δέ οἱ ξένοι, §9.68ἔκ τʼ Ἄργεος ἔκ τε Θηβᾶν, οἱ δʼ Ἀρκάδες, οἱ δὲ καὶ Πισᾶται· §9.69υἱὸν δʼ Ἄκτορος ἐξόχως τίμασεν ἐποίκων §9.70Αἰγίνας τε Μενοίτιον· τοῦ παῖς ἅμʼ Ἀτρείδαις §9.71Τεύθραντος πεδίον μολὼν ἔστα σὺν Ἀχιλλεῖ §9.72μόνος, ὅτʼ ἀλκᾶντας Δαναοὺς τρέψαις ἁλίαισιν §9.73πρύμναις Τήλεφος ἔμβαλεν· §9.74ὥστʼ ἔμφρονι δεῖξαι §9.75μαθεῖν Πατρόκλου βιατὰν νόον.
And strangers came to him, from Argos and from Thebes, others from Arcadia, and some from Pisa; and among the settlers he especially honored Menoetius, the son of Actor and of Aegina; whose son, going with the Atreidae to the plain of Teuthras, stood beside Achilles alone, when Telephus, having turned the valiant Danaans, fell upon their marine sterns; so as to show to an intelligent mind to learn the mighty spirit of Patroclus.
§9.76ἐξ οὗ Θέτιος γόνος οὐλίῳ νιν ἐν Ἄρει §9.77παραγορεῖτο μή ποτε §9.78σφετέρας ἄτερθε ταξιοῦσθαι §9.79δαμασιμβρότου αἰχμᾶς.
From then on, the son of Thetis exhorted him in destructive war never to be marshaled apart from his own man-subduing spear.
§9.80εἴην εὑρησιεπὴς ἀναγεῖσθαι §9.81πρόσφορος ἐν Μοισᾶν δίφρῳ· §9.82τόλμα δὲ καὶ ἀμφιλαφὴς δύναμις §9.83ἕσποιτο.
May I be inventive in words, to go forward fittingly in the chariot of the Muses; and may courage and abundant power attend me.
προξενίᾳ δʼ ἀρετᾷ τʼ ἦλθον §9.84τιμάορος Ἰσθμίαισι Λαμπρομάχου μίτραις, ὅτʼ ἀμφότεροι κράτησαν §9.85μίαν ἔργον ἀνʼ ἁμέραν.
And because of guest-friendship and virtue I came to honor the Isthmian headbands of Lampromachus, when both conquered in one day's work.
§9.86ἄλλαι δὲ δύʼ ἐν Κορίνθου πύλαις ἐγένοντʼ ἔπειτα χάρμαι, §9.87ταὶ δὲ καὶ Νεμέας Ἐφαρμόστῳ κατὰ κόλπον· §9.88Ἄργει τʼ ἔσχεθε κῦδος ἀνδρῶν, παῖς δʼ ἐν Ἀθάναις, §9.89οἷον δʼ ἐν Μαραθῶνι συλαθεὶς ἀγενείων §9.90μένεν ἀγῶνα πρεσβυτέρων ἀμφʼ ἀργυρίδεσσιν·
And two other victories afterward occurred at the gates of Corinth, and others in the valley of Nemea for Epharmostus; and in Argos he won glory among men, and as a boy in Athens, and what a fight he sustained at Marathon, when, excluded from the class of the youth, he faced the contest of older men for the silver cups!
§9.91φῶτας δʼ ὀξυρεπεῖ δόλῳ §9.92ἀπτῶτι δαμάσσαις §9.93διήρχετο κύκλον ὅσσᾳ βοᾷ, §9.94ὡραῖος ἐὼν καὶ καλὸς κάλλιστά τε ῥέξαις.
And having subdued the men with swift-tilting artifice without falling, he went through the ring with what a shout, being in his youth and beautiful, and having achieved the fairest deeds.
§9.95τὰ δὲ Παρρασίῳ στρατῷ §9.96θαυμαστὸς ἐὼν φάνη Ζηνὸς ἀμφὶ πανάγυριν Λυκαίου, §9.97καὶ ψυχρᾶν ὁπότʼ εὐδιανὸν φάρμακον αὐρᾶν §9.98Πελλάνᾳ φέρε· σύνδικος δʼ αὐτῷ Ἰολάου §9.99τύμβος εἰναλία τʼ Ἐλευσὶς ἀγλαΐαισιν.
And to the Parrhasian host he appeared wondrous, around the assembly of Lycaean Zeus, and when he carried the warm remedy against cold winds to Pellene; and as a witness for him, the tomb of Iolaus tomb and marine Eleusis bear witness in splendors.
§9.100τὸ δὲ φυᾷ κράτιστον ἅπαν· πολλοὶ δὲ διδακταῖς §9.101ἀνθρώπων ἀρεταῖς κλέος §9.102ὤρουσαν ἀρέσθαι.
That which is by nature is always best; but many by taught virtues of men have striven to win glory.
§9.103ἄνευ δὲ θεοῦ σεσιγαμένον §9.104οὐ σκαιότερον χρῆμʼ ἕκαστον.
But without God, every deed kept in silence is none the worse.
ἐντὶ γὰρ ἄλλαι §9.105ὁδῶν ὁδοὶ περαίτεραι, §9.106μία δʼ οὐχ ἅπαντας ἄμμε θρέψει §9.107μελέτα· σοφίαι μὲν §9.108αἰπειναί· τοῦτο δὲ προσφέρων ἆθλον, §9.109ὄρθιον ὤρυσαι θαρσέων, §9.110τόνδʼ ἀνέρα δαιμονίᾳ γεγάμεν §9.111εὔχειρα, δεξιόγυιον, ὁρῶντʼ ἀλκάν, §9.112Αἰάντειόν τʼ ἐν δαιτὶ Ἰλιάδα νικῶν ἐπεστεφάνωσε βωμόν.
For there are other paths of paths that go further, and a single pursuit will not sustain all of us; skills indeed are steep; but while offering this prize, shout out loud with courage, that this man was born by divine favor strong-handed, nimble-limbed, with valor in his eyes, who, conquering, crowned the altar of Ajax, son of Oileus, at his feast.

Notes

  1. §9.2καλλίνικος ὁ τριπλόος κεχλαδώς — Refers to the traditional victory song of Archilochus (characterized by a triple refrain). The participle κεχλαδώς means 'swelling' or 'overflowing' and, together with the articular adjective ὁ τριπλόος, stands in apposition to or modifies the song (μέλος).
  2. §9.14αἰνήσαις ἓ καὶ υἱόν — The pronoun ἓ is the third-person singular accusative, referring here to the personified city of Opus (feminine), while υἱόν (son) refers to the victor Epharmostus. It exhorts the singer to praise 'her (the city) and her son.'
  3. §9.89συλαθεὶς ἀγενείων — The genitive ἀγενείων (of the beardless youth) is a genitive of separation/deprivation dependent on the passive participle συλαθεὶς (deprived of). It indicates that Epharmostus, excluded from the youth category, was forced to compete in the adult class (πρεσβυτέρων).

Cite this passage

Pindar, Olympian Odes §9.1-9.112. Humanitext Reader, https://reader.humanitext.ai/en/text/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0033.tlg001.humanitext-grc2:9.1-9.112

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