§4.13ἵνα δὲ καὶ σαφέστερον περὶ τῆς τροφῆς εἴπω, νῦν διηγήσομαι ὡς κατασκευασθέντα τὰ ἀργύρεια ὠφελιμώτατʼ ἂν εἴη τῇ πόλει.
In order to speak more clearly about maintenance, I will now explain how the silver mines, if developed, would be most beneficial to the city.
ἀπʼ αὐτῶν μὲν οὖν ἔγωγε ὧν μέλλω λέγειν οὐδέν τι ἀξιῶ θαυμάζεσθαι ὡς δυσεύρετόν τι ἐξηυρηκώς· τὰ μὲν γὰρ ὧν λέξω καὶ νῦν ἔτι πάντες ὁρῶμεν, τὰ δὲ παροιχόμενα πάντες κατὰ ταὐτὰ αὖ ἀκούομεν.
Now, from the very things that I am going to say, I do not expect to be admired at all as if I had discovered something difficult to find; for some of the things I shall mention we all still see even now, and as for the past, we all likewise hear of them in the same way.
§4.14τῆς μέντοι πόλεως πάνυ ἄξιον θαυμάσαι τὸ αἰσθανομένην πολλοὺς πλουτιζομένους ἐξ αὐτῆς ἰδιώτας μὴ μιμεῖσθαι τούτους.
However, it is highly worthy of admiration in the city that, though she perceives many private individuals growing rich from her, she does not imitate them.
πάλαι μὲν γὰρ δήπου οἷς μεμέληκεν ἀκηκόαμεν ὅτι Νικίας ποτὲ ὁ Νικηράτου ἐκτήσατο ἐν τοῖς ἀργυρείοις χιλίους ἀνθρώπους, οὓς ἐκεῖνος Σωσίᾳ τῷ Θρᾳκὶ ἐξεμίσθωσεν, ἐφʼ ᾧ ὀβολὸν μὲν ἀτελῆ ἑκάστου τῆς ἡμέρας ἀποδιδόναι, τὸν δʼ ἀριθμὸν ἴσους ἀεὶ παρέχειν.
For in ancient times, as those who care about these matters surely have heard, Nicias the son of Niceratus once owned a thousand men in the silver mines, whom he let out to Sosias the Thracian, on condition that he should pay a net obol a day for each, and always keep the number equal.
§4.15ἐγένετο δὲ καὶ Ἱππονίκῳ ἑξακόσια ἀνδράποδα κατὰ τὸν αὐτὸν τρόπον τοῦτον ἐκδεδομένα, ἃ προσέφερε μνᾶν ἀτελῆ τῆς ἡμέρας, Φιλημονίδῃ δὲ τριακόσια ἃ ἡμιμναῖον, ἄλλοις δέ γε ὡς, οἴομαι, δύναμις ἑκάστοις ὑπῆρχεν.
Hipponicus also had six hundred slaves let out in this same manner, which brought him in a net mina a day; and Philemonides had three hundred, which brought him half a mina; and others had them, I suppose, according to the ability of each.
§4.16ἀτὰρ τί τὰ παλαιὰ δεῖ λέγειν;
But why need I speak of ancient times?
καὶ γὰρ νῦν πολλοί εἰσιν ἐν τοῖς ἀργυρείοις ἄνθρωποι οὕτως ἐκδεδομένοι.
For even now there are many men in the silver mines let out in this way.
§4.17περαινομένων γε μὴν ὧν λέγω τοῦτʼ ἂν μόνον καινὸν γένοιτο, εἰ ὥσπερ οἱ ἰδιῶται κτησάμενοι ἀνδράποδα πρόσοδον ἀέναον κατεσκευασμένοι εἰσίν, οὕτω καὶ ἡ πόλις κτῷτο δημόσια ἀνδράποδα, ἕως γίγνοιτο τρία ἑκάστῳ Ἀθηναίων.
If, however, what I say is carried out, the only new thing would be that, just as private individuals, by owning slaves, have secured a permanent income for themselves, so the city also should acquire public slaves, until there should be three for each Athenian.
§4.18εἰ δὲ δυνατὰ λέγομεν καθʼ ἓν ἕκαστον αὐτῶν σκοπῶν ὁ βουλόμενος κρινέτω.
Whether what we say is possible, let anyone who wishes judge by examining each detail.
οὐκοῦν τιμὴν μὲν ἀνθρώπων εὔδηλον ὅτι μᾶλλον ἂν τὸ δημόσιον δύναιτο ἢ οἱ ἰδιῶται παρασκευάσασθαι.
First, then, as to the price of the men, it is clear that the treasury would be better able to provide it than private individuals.
τῇ γε μὴν βουλῇ ῥᾴδιον καὶ κηρύξαι ἄγειν τὸν βουλόμενον ἀνδράποδα καὶ τὰ προσαχθέντα πρίασθαι.
Furthermore, it is easy for the Council both to make a public proclamation that anyone who wishes may bring slaves, and to purchase those that are brought.
§4.19ἐπειδὰν δὲ ὠνηθῇ, τί ἂν ἧττον μισθοῖτό τις παρὰ τοῦ δημοσίου ἢ παρὰ τῶν ἰδιωτῶν, ἐπὶ τοῖς αὐτοῖς μέλλων ἕξειν;
And when they are purchased, why should anyone lease them less from the public than from private individuals, when he is to have them on the same terms?
μισθοῦνται γοῦν καὶ τεμένη καὶ οἰκίας καὶ τέλη ὠνοῦνται παρὰ τῆς πόλεως.
At any rate, they lease both sacred lands and houses, and purchase the collection of taxes from the city.
§4.20ὅπως γε μὴν τὰ ὠνηθέντα σῴζηται, τῷ δημοσίῳ ἔστι λαμβάνειν ἐγγύους παρὰ τῶν μισθουμένων, ὥσπερ καὶ παρὰ τῶν ὠνουμένων τὰ τέλη.
Furthermore, to secure that the purchased slaves are kept safe, the treasury can take guarantors from those who lease them, just as they do from those who purchase the taxes.
ἀλλὰ μὴν καὶ ἀδικῆσαί γε ῥᾷον τῷ τέλος πριαμένῳ ἢ τῷ ἀνδράποδα μισθουμένῳ.
Indeed, it is even easier to commit fraud for one who has purchased a tax than for one who leases slaves.
§4.21ἀργύριον μὲν γὰρ πῶς καὶ φωράσειεν ἄν τις τὸ δημόσιον ἐξαγόμενον, ὁμοίου τοῦ ἰδίου ὄντος αὐτῷ;
For how could anyone detect public money being carried out, since private money is just like it?
ἀνδράποδα δὲ σεσημασμένα τῷ δημοσίῳ σημάντρῳ καὶ προκειμένης ζημίας τῷ τε πωλοῦντι καὶ τῷ ἐξάγοντι, πῶς ἄν τις ταῦτα κλέψειεν;
But as for slaves marked with the public stamp, and when a penalty is appointed both for the seller and for the exporter, how could anyone steal them?
οὐκοῦν μέχρι μὲν τούτου δυνατὸν φαίνεται τῇ πόλει εἶναι τὸ ἀνθρώπους καὶ κτήσασθαι καὶ φυλάξαι.
So, up to this point, it appears possible for the city both to acquire and to keep the men.
§4.22εἰ δʼ αὖ τις τοῦτʼ ἐνθυμεῖται, πῶς ἐπειδὰν πολλοὶ ἐργάται γένωνται, πολλοὶ φανοῦνται καὶ οἱ μισθωσόμενοι, ἐκεῖνο κατανοήσας θαρρείτω, ὅτι πολλοὶ μὲν τῶν κατεσκευασμένων προσμισθώσονται τοὺς δημοσίους (πολλὰ γάρ ἐστι τὰ ὑπάρχοντα), πολλοὶ δʼ εἰσὶ καὶ αὐτῶν τῶν ἐν τοῖς ἔργοις γηράσκοντες, πολλοὶ δὲ καὶ ἄλλοι καὶ Ἀθηναῖοι καὶ ξένοι οἳ τῷ σώματι μὲν οὔτε βούλοιντʼ ἂν οὔτε δύναιντʼ ἂν ἐργάζεσθαι, τῇ δὲ γνώμῃ ἐπιμελόμενοι ἡδέως ἂν τὰ ἐπιτήδεια πορίζοιντο.
But if, on the other hand, anyone is concerned about this, how, when many laborers are obtained, many will also appear to lease them, let him take courage by considering this: that many of those who have made developments will lease the public slaves in addition (for there are many existing works), and there are many who are themselves growing old in the works, and many others, both Athenians and foreigners, who would neither wish nor be able to work with their bodies, but who, by managing with their minds, would gladly secure their livelihood.
§4.23ἤν γε μέντοι τὸ πρῶτον συστῇ διακόσια καὶ χίλια ἀνδράποδα, εἰκὸς ἤδη ἀπʼ αὐτῆς τῆς προσόδου ἐν ἔτεσι πέντε ἢ ἓξ μὴ μεῖον ἂν τῶν ἑξακισχιλίων γενέσθαι.
If, however, a start is made with twelve hundred slaves, it is likely that, from this revenue alone, the number will reach not less than six thousand in five or six years.
ἀπό γε μὴν τούτου τοῦ ἀριθμοῦ ἢν ὀβολὸν ἕκαστος ἀτελῆ τῆς ἡμέρας προσφέρῃ, ἡ μὲν πρόσοδος ἑξήκοντα τάλαντα τοῦ ἐνιαυτοῦ.
Moreover, from this number, if each brings in a net obol a day, the revenue is sixty talents a year.
§4.24ἀπὸ δὲ τούτων ἢν εἰς ἄλλα ἀνδράποδα τιθῆται εἴκοσι, τοῖς τετταράκοντα ἤδη ἐξέσται τῇ πόλει χρῆσθαι εἰς ἄλλο ὅ τι ἂν δέῃ.
And if out of this, twenty talents are applied to buying more slaves, the city will already be able to use the remaining forty talents for any other purpose that may be required.
ὅταν δέ γε μύρια ἀναπληρωθῇ, ἑκατὸν τάλαντα ἡ πρόσοδος ἔσται.
And when the number is filled up to ten thousand, the revenue will be a hundred talents.