§1.31ἔνθα δὴ ὁ Ἀγησίλαος γιγνώσκων ὅτι τοῖς μὲν πολεμίοις οὔπω παρείη τὸ πεζόν, αὐτῷ δὲ οὐδὲν ἀπείη τῶν παρεσκευασμένων, καιρὸν ἡγήσατο μάχην συνάψαι, εἰ δύναιτο.
Thereupon Agesilaus, knowing that the enemy's infantry had not yet arrived, while on his own side none of his prepared forces was absent, thought it a favorable moment to join battle, if he could.
σφαγιασάμενος οὖν τὴν μὲν φάλαγγα εὐθὺς ἦγεν ἐπὶ τοὺς ἀντιτεταγμένους ἱππέας, ἐκ δὲ τῶν ὁπλιτῶν ἐκέλευσε τὰ δέκα ἀφʼ ἥβης θεῖν ὁμόσε αὐτοῖς, τοῖς δὲ πελτασταῖς εἶπε δρόμῳ ὑφηγεῖσθαι· παρήγγειλε δὲ καὶ τοῖς ἱππεῦσιν ἐμβάλλειν, ὡς αὐτοῦ τε καὶ παντὸς τοῦ στρατεύματος ἑπομένου.
Therefore, having offered sacrifice, he straightway led the phalanx against the opposing cavalry, and ordered the heavy infantry who were within ten years of military age to charge them, and told the peltasts to lead the way at a run; he also ordered the cavalry to charge, in the assurance that he himself and the entire army were following.
§1.32τοὺς μὲν δὴ ἱππέας ἐδέξαντο οἱ ἀγαθοὶ τῶν Περσῶν· ἐπειδὴ δὲ ἅμα πάντα τὰ δεινὰ παρῆν ἐπʼ αὐτούς, ἐνέκλιναν, καὶ οἱ μὲν αὐτῶν εὐθὺς ἐν τῷ ποταμῷ ἔπεσον, οἱ δὲ ἄλλοι ἔφευγον.
The brave among the Persians indeed withstood the cavalry; but when every terrifying danger was simultaneously upon them, they gave way, and some of them immediately fell into the river, while the others fled.
οἱ δὲ Ἕλληνες ἑπόμενοι αἱροῦσι καὶ τὸ στρατόπεδον αὐτῶν.
The Greeks, pursuing them, captured their camp as well.
καὶ οἱ μὲν πελτασταὶ ὥσπερ εἰκὸς ἐφʼ ἁρπαγὴν ἐτρέποντο· ὁ δὲ Ἀγησίλαος ἔχων κύκλῳ πάντα καὶ φίλια καὶ πολέμια περιεστρατοπεδεύσατο.
The peltasts, as was natural, turned to plunder; but Agesilaus, keeping everything, both friendly and hostile, under his control around him, encamped.
§1.33ὡς δʼ ἤκουσε τοὺς πολεμίους ταράττεσθαι διὰ τὸ αἰτιᾶσθαι ἀλλήλους τοῦ γεγενημένου, εὐθὺς ἦγεν ἐπὶ Σάρδεις.
When he heard that the enemy were in confusion because they blamed one another for what had happened, he immediately marched toward Sardis.
κἀκεῖ ἅμα μὲν ἔκαιε καὶ ἐπόρθει τὰ περὶ τὸ ἄστυ, ἅμα δὲ καὶ κηρύγματι ἐδήλου τοὺς μὲν ἐλευθερίας δεομένους ὡς πρὸς σύμμαχον αὐτὸν παρεῖναι· εἰ δέ τινες τὴν Ἀσίαν ἑαυτῶν ποιοῦνται, πρὸς τοὺς ἐλευθεροῦντας διακρινουμένους ἐν ὅπλοις παρεῖναι.
There, while on the one hand he burned and ravaged the territory around the city, on the other hand he declared by proclamation that those who desired freedom should come to him as an ally, but if any claimed Asia as their own, they should come to decide the issue with weapons against those who were liberating it.
§1.34ἐπεὶ μέντοι οὐδεὶς ἀντεξῄει, ἀδεῶς δὴ τὸ ἀπὸ τούτου ἐστρατεύετο, τοὺς μὲν πρόσθεν προσκυνεῖν Ἕλληνας ἀναγκαζομένους ὁρῶν τιμωμένους ὑφʼ ὧν ὑβρίζοντο, τοὺς δὲ ἀξιοῦντας καὶ τὰς τῶν θεῶν τιμὰς καρποῦσθαι, τούτους ποιήσας μηδʼ ἀντιβλέπειν τοῖς Ἕλλησι δύνασθαι, καὶ τὴν μὲν τῶν φίλων χώραν ἀδῄωτον παρέχων, τὴν δὲ τῶν πολεμίων οὕτω καρπούμενος ὥστε ἐν δυοῖν ἐτοῖν πλέον τῶν ἑκατὸν ταλάντων τῷ θεῷ ἐν Δελφοῖς δεκάτην ἀποθῦσαι.
Since, however, no one came out to oppose him, he campaigned from then on without fear, seeing the Greeks who were previously forced to make obeisance now honored by those who had insulted them, and making those who claimed to enjoy even the honors of the gods unable even to look the Greeks in the face; and while keeping the territory of his friends unravaged, he gathered such fruit from that of the enemy that within two years he dedicated more than a hundred talents as a tithe to the god at Delphi.
§1.35ὁ μέντοι Περσῶν βασιλεύς, νομίσας Τισσαφέρνην αἴτιον εἶναι τοῦ κακῶς φέρεσθαι τὰ ἑαυτοῦ, Τιθραύστην καταπέμψας ἀπέτεμεν αὐτοῦ τὴν κεφαλήν.
The Persian king, however, believing Tissaphernes to be the cause of his affairs going badly, sent down Tithraustes and cut off his head.
μετὰ δὲ τοῦτο τὰ μὲν τῶν βαρβάρων ἔτι ἀθυμότερα ἐγένετο, τὰ δὲ Ἀγησιλάου πολὺ ἐρρωμενέστερα.
After this, the fortunes of the barbarians became still more dispirited, while those of Agesilaus grew much stronger.
ἀπὸ πάντων γὰρ τῶν ἐθνῶν ἐπρεσβεύοντο περὶ φιλίας, πολλοὶ δὲ καὶ ἀφίσταντο πρὸς αὐτόν, ὀρεγόμενοι τῆς ἐλευθερίας, ὥστε οὐκέτι Ἑλλήνων μόνον ἀλλὰ καὶ βαρβάρων πολλῶν ἡγεμὼν ἦν ὁ Ἀγησίλαος.
For embassies concerning friendship came to him from all nations, and many also revolted to him, longing for freedom, so that Agesilaus was no longer leader of the Greeks alone, but also of many barbarians.
§1.36ἄξιόν γε μὴν καὶ ἐντεῦθεν ὑπερβαλλόντως ἄγασθαι αὐτοῦ, ὅστις ἄρχων μὲν παμπόλλων ἐν τῇ ἠπείρῳ πόλεων, ἄρχων δὲ καὶ νήσων, ἐπεὶ καὶ τὸ ναυτικὸν προσῆψεν αὐτῷ ἡ πόλις, αὐξανόμενος δὲ καὶ εὐκλείᾳ καὶ δυνάμει, παρὸν δʼ αὐτῷ πολλοῖς καὶ ἀγαθοῖς χρῆσθαι ὅ τι ἐβούλετο, πρὸς δὲ τούτοις τὸ μέγιστον, ἐπινοῶν καὶ ἐλπίζων καταλύσειν τὴν ἐπὶ τὴν Ἑλλάδα στρατεύσασαν πρότερον ἀρχήν, ὅμως ὑπʼ οὐδενὸς τούτων ἐκρατήθη, ἀλλʼ ἐπειδὴ ἦλθεν αὐτῷ ἀπὸ τῶν οἴκοι τελῶν βοηθεῖν τῇ πατρίδι, ἐπείθετο τῇ πόλει οὐδὲν διαφερόντως ἢ εἰ ἐν τῷ ἐφορείῳ ἔτυχεν ἑστηκὼς μόνος παρὰ τοὺς πέντε, μάλα ἔνδηλον ποιῶν ὡς οὔτε ἂν πᾶσαν τὴν γῆν δέξαιτο ἀντὶ τῆς πατρίδος οὔτε τοὺς ἐπικτήτους ἀντὶ τῶν ἀρχαίων φίλων οὔτε αἰσχρὰ καὶ ἀκίνδυνα κέρδη μᾶλλον ἢ μετὰ κινδύνων τὰ καλὰ καὶ δίκαια.
Indeed, it is worthy to admire him exceedingly for this also: that while ruling over very many cities on the continent, and ruling over islands as well (since the state had also committed the fleet to him), and increasing both in fame and power, and though it was permitted to him to use many great advantages for whatever he wished, and in addition to this—the greatest thing—while planning and hoping to destroy the empire that had formerly campaigned against Greece, he was nevertheless overcome by none of these things, but when the order came to him from the authorities at home to aid his fatherland, he obeyed the state in no way differently than if he had happened to be standing alone before the five in the ephor office, making it very clear that he would neither accept the whole earth in place of his fatherland, nor newly acquired friends in place of his ancient ones, nor shameful and safe gains rather than noble and just ones accompanied by dangers.
§1.37ὅσον γε μὴν χρόνον ἐπὶ τῇ ἀρχῇ ἔμεινε πῶς οὐκ ἀξιεπαίνου βασιλέως καὶ τοῦτʼ ἔργον ἐπεδείξατο, ὅστις παραλαβὼν πάσας πόλεις ἐφʼ ἃς ἄρξων ἐξέπλευσε στασιαζούσας διὰ τὸ τὰς πολιτείας κινηθῆναι, ἐπεὶ Ἀθηναῖοι τῆς ἀρχῆς ἔληξαν, ἐποίησεν ὥστʼ ἄνευ φυγῆς καὶ θανάτων ἕως αὐτὸς παρῆν ὁμονόως πολιτευομένας καὶ εὐδαίμονας τὰς πόλεις διατελέσαι;
As long as he remained in command, how did he not display this also as the deed of a praiseworthy king: that having received all the cities to which he had sailed to rule in a state of factional strife because their constitutions had been disturbed when the Athenians ceased to rule, he caused them, as long as he himself was present, to continue living under a harmonious government and in prosperity, without banishments or deaths?
§1.38τοιγαροῦν οἱ ἐν τῇ Ἀσίᾳ Ἕλληνες οὐχ ὡς ἄρχοντος μόνον ἀλλὰ καὶ ὡς πατρὸς καὶ ἑταίρου ἀπιόντος αὐτοῦ ἐλυποῦντο.
Therefore, the Greeks in Asia grieved at his departure, not as that of a ruler only, but of a father and a companion.
καὶ τέλος ἐδήλωσαν ὅτι οὐ πλαστὴν τὴν φιλίαν παρείχοντο.
And they showed at the end that they were offering no feigned friendship.
ἐθελούσιοι γοῦν αὐτῷ συνεβοήθησαν τῇ Λακεδαίμονι, καὶ ταῦτα εἰδότες ὅτι οὐ χείροσιν ἑαυτῶν δεήσοι μάχεσθαι.
At any rate, they voluntarily came to Lacedaemon to help him, even though they knew that they would have to fight against men not inferior to themselves.
τῶν μὲν δὴ ἐν τῇ Ἀσίᾳ πράξεων τοῦτο τέλος ἐγένετο.
This, indeed, was the end of his actions in Asia.