§64Ἀλλ’ ἐπειδὴ τὰ διωνομασμένα συμπόσια τοιαύτης μεστὰ φλυαρίας ἐστίν, ἐν ἑαυτοῖς ἔχοντα τὸν ἔλεγχον, εἴ τις μὴ πρὸς δόξας καὶ τὴν διαδοθεῖσαν περὶ αὐτῶν ὡς δὴ πάνυ κατωρθωμένων φήμην ἐθελήσειεν ἀφορᾶν, ἀντιτάξω τὰ τῶν ἀνατεθεικότων τὸν ἴδιον βίον καὶ ἑαυτοὺς ἐπιστήμῃ καὶ θεωρίᾳ τῶν τῆς φύσεως πραγμάτων κατὰ τὰς τοῦ προφήτου Μωυσέως ἱερωτάτας ὑφηγήσεις.
But since these celebrated banquets are full of such folly, containing their own refutation within themselves if anyone should choose not to look at public opinions and the widespread rumor about them as if they were entirely successful, I will contrast the way of life of those who have dedicated their own lives and themselves to the knowledge and contemplation of nature according to the most sacred instructions of the prophet Moses.
§65οὗτοι τὸ μὲν πρῶτον ἀθροίζονται δι’ ἑπτὰ ἑβδομάδων, οὐ μόνον τὴν ἁπλῆν ἑβδομάδα ἀλλὰ καὶ τὴν δύναμιν τεθηπότες·
These people first of all assemble after intervals of seven weeks, holding in awe not only the simple seven but also its power; for they know it to be holy and ever-virgin.
ἁγνὴν γὰρ καὶ ἀειπάρθενον αὐτὴν ἴσασιν. ἔστι δὲ προέορτος μεγίστης ἑορτῆς, ἣν πεντηκοντὰς ἔλαχεν, ἁγιώτατος καὶ φυσικώτατος ἀριθμῶν, ἐκ τῆς τοῦ ὀρθογωνίου τριγώνου δυνάμεως, ὅπερ ἐστὶν ἀρχὴ τῆς τῶν ὅλων γενέσεως, συσταθείς.
And this is the eve of the greatest festival, which the number fifty has received as its share, fifty being the most sacred and natural of numbers, compounded from the power of the right-angled triangle, which is the origin of the generation of the universe.
§66ἐπειδὰν οὖν συνέλθωσι λευχειμονοῦντες φαιδροὶ μετὰ τῆς ἀνωτάτω σεμνότητος, ὑποσημαίνοντός τινος τῶν ἐφημερευτῶν — οὕτω γὰρ ὀνομάζειν ἔθος τοὺς ἐν ταῖς τοιαύταις ὑπηρεσίαις —, πρὸ τῆς κατακλίσεως στάντες ἑξῆς κατὰ στοῖχον ἐν κόσμῳ καὶ τάς τε ὄψεις καὶ τὰς χεῖρας εἰς οὐρανὸν ἀνατείναντες, τὰς μὲν ἐπειδὴ τὰ θέας ἄξια καθορᾶν ἐπαιδεύθησαν, τὰς δὲ ὅτι καθαραὶ λημμάτων εἰσὶν ὑπ’ οὐδεμιᾶς προφάσεως τῶν εἰς πορισμὸν μιαινόμεναι, προσεύχονται τῷ θεῷ θυμήρη γενέσθαι καὶ κατὰ νοῦν ἀπαντῆσαι τὴν εὐωχίαν.
Therefore, when they have come together, clothed in white and cheerful with the highest solemnity, at a sign from one of those on daily duty — for it is the custom so to name those in such services —, standing in order in a row before reclining, and lifting up both their eyes and hands to heaven, their eyes because they have been trained to look upon things worthy of contemplation, and their hands because they are clean from illicit gains, being stained by no pretext of profit-making, they pray to God that the banquet may be pleasing and turn out according to their mind.
§67μετὰ δὲ τὰς εὐχὰς οἱ πρεσβύτεροι κατακλίνονται ταῖς εἰσκρίσεσιν ἀκολουθοῦντες· πρεσβυτέρους δὲ οὐ τοὺς πολυετεῖς καὶ πολιοὺς νομίζουσιν [ἀλλ’ ἔτι κομιδῇ νέους παῖδας], ἐὰν ὀψὲ τῆς προαιρέσεως ἐρασθῶσιν, ἀλλὰ τοὺς ἐκ πρώτης ἡλικίας ἐνηβήσαντας καὶ ἐνακμάσαντας τῷ θεωρητικῷ μέρει φιλοσοφίας, ὃ δὴ κάλλιστον καὶ θειότατόν ἐστι.
And after the prayers, the elders recline, following the order of their admission; and they do not consider as elders those who are advanced in years and grey-haired [but rather still completely young children], if they have fallen in love with this way of life late in life, but rather those who from their earliest youth have grown up and reached their prime in the contemplative part of philosophy, which indeed is the most beautiful and divine part.
§68συνεστιῶνται δὲ καὶ γυναῖκες, ὧν πλεῖσται γηραιαὶ παρθένοι, τὴν ἁγνείαν οὐκ ἀνάγκῃ, καθάπερ ἔνιαι τῶν παρ’ Ἕλλησιν ἱερειῶν, διαφυλάξασαι μᾶλλον ἢ καθ’ ἑκούσιον γνώμην, διὰ ζῆλον καὶ πόθον σοφίας, ᾗ συμβιοῦν σπουδάσασαι τῶν περὶ σῶμα ἡδονῶν ἠλόγησαν, οὐ θνητῶν ἐκγόνων ἀλλ’ ἀθανάτων ὀρεχθεῖσαι, ἃ μόνη τίκτειν ἀφ’ ἑαυτῆς οἵα τέ ἐστιν ἡ θεοφιλὴς ψυχή, σπείραντος εἰς αὐτὴν ἀκτῖνας νοητὰς §69τοῦ πατρός, αἷς δυνήσεται θεωρεῖν τὰ σοφίας δόγματα.
And women also banquet with them, most of whom are aged virgins, who have preserved their chastity not by necessity, like some of the priestesses among the Greeks, but rather by voluntary choice, because of their zeal and longing for wisdom; since, eager to live with her, they have disregarded the pleasures of the body, desiring not mortal offspring but immortal ones, which the soul beloved of God is alone capable of bringing forth from itself, when the Father has sown into it intellectual rays, by which it will be able to contemplate the doctrines of wisdom.
διανενέμηται δὲ ἡ κατάκλισις χωρὶς μὲν ἀνδράσιν ἐπὶ δεξιά, χωρὶς δὲ γυναιξὶν ἐπ’ εὐώνυμα.
Now, the seating is arranged separately, for men on the right, and for women on the left.
μή πού τις ὑπολαμβάνει στρωμνάς, εἰ καὶ οὐ πολυτελεῖς, ἀλλ’ οὖν μαλακωτέρας ἀνθρώποις εὐγενέσι καὶ ἀστείοις καὶ φιλοσοφίας ἀσκηταῖς εὐτρεπίσθαι;
Does anyone perhaps suppose that couches, even if not costly, yet at least somewhat soft, have been prepared for noble and refined people, and practitioners of philosophy?
στιβάδες γάρ εἰσιν εἰκαιοτέρας ὕλης, ἐφ’ ὧν εὐτελῆ πάνυ χαμαίστρωτα παπύρου τῆς ἐγχωρίου, μικρὸν ὑπερέχοντα κατὰ τοὺς ἀγκῶνας, ἵνα ἐπερείδοιντο· τὴν μὲν γὰρ Λακωνικὴν σκληραγωγίαν ὑπανιᾶσιν, ἀεὶ δὲ καὶ πανταχοῦ τὴν ἐλευθέριον εὐκολίαν ἐπιτηδεύουσιν, ἀνὰ κράτος τοῖς ἡδονῆς φίλτροις ἀπεχθόμενοι.
For the beds are of very ordinary materials, on which are very cheap mats of local papyrus spread on the ground, rising slightly at the elbows, so that they may lean on them; for they relax somewhat the Spartan severity of life, but always and everywhere they practice a simplicity worthy of a free person, opposing the allurements of pleasure with all their might.
§70διακονοῦνται δὲ οὐχ ὑπ’ ἀνδραπόδων, ἡγούμενοι συνόλως τὴν θεραπόντων κτῆσιν εἶναι παρὰ φύσιν· ἡ μὲν γὰρ ἐλευθέρους ἅπαντας γεγέννηκεν, αἱ δέ τινων ἀδικίαι καὶ πλεονεξίαι ζηλωσάντων τὴν ἀρχέκακον ἀνισότητα καταζεύξασαι τὸ ἐπὶ τοῖς ἀσθενεστέροις κράτος τοῖς δυνατωτέροις ἀνῆψαν.
And they are served not by slaves, because they consider the possession of servants to be entirely contrary to nature; for nature has begotten all men free, but the injustices and covetousness of certain people, who emulated that inequality which is the source of evil, have imposed a yoke and attached power over the weaker to the stronger.
§71ἐν δὴ τῷ ἱερῷ τούτῳ συμποσίῳ δοῦλος μὲν ὡς ἔφην οὐδείς, ἐλεύθεροι δὲ ὑπηρετοῦσι, τὰς διακονικὰς χρείας ἐπιτελοῦντες οὐ πρὸς βίαν οὐδὲ προστάξεις ἀναμένοντες, ἀλλ’ ἐθελουσίῳ γνώμῃ φθάνοντες μετὰ σπουδῆς καὶ προθυμίας τὰς ἐπικελεύσεις.
In this sacred banquet, then, as I have said, there is no slave, but free people serve, performing the duties of attendants not by force, nor waiting for orders, but by voluntary choice, anticipating the commands with zeal and alacrity.
§72οὐδὲ γὰρ οἱ τυχόντες ἐλεύθεροι τάττονται πρὸς ταῖς ὑπουργίαις ταύταις, ἀλλ’ οἱ νέοι τῶν ἐν τῷ συστήματι μετὰ πάσης ἐπιμελείας ἀριστίνδην ἐπικριθέντες, ὃν χρὴ τρόπον ἀστείους καὶ εὐγενεῖς πρὸς ἄκραν ἀρετὴν ἐπειγομένους·
For not just any free people are appointed to these services, but the young men among those in the association, selected with all care according to their merit, in the manner that is fitting for refined and noble persons hastening toward the highest virtue.
οἳ καθάπερ υἱοὶ γνήσιοι φιλοτίμως ἄσμενοι πατράσι καὶ μητράσιν ὑπουργοῦσι, κοινοὺς αὑτῶν γονεῖς νομίζοντες οἰκειοτέρους τῶν ἀφ’ αἵματος, εἴ γε καλοκἀγαθίας οὐδὲν οἰκειότερόν ἐστι τοῖς εὖ φρονοῦσιν·
These, like genuine sons, with pride and joy serve their fathers and mothers, considering them as their common parents, more closely related to them than those of their own blood, since indeed nothing is closer to those of sound mind than virtue.
ἄζωστοι δὲ καὶ καθειμένοι τοὺς χιτωνίσκους εἰσίασιν ὑπηρετήσοντες, ἕνεκα τοῦ μηδὲν εἴδωλον ἐπιφέρεσθαι δουλοπρεποῦς σχήματος.
And they enter to serve without girdles and with their tunics let down, for the sake of not bringing in any semblance of a slave-like appearance.