§32τὸ δὲ κοινὸν τοῦτο σεμνεῖον, εἰς ὃ ταῖς ἑβδόμαις συνέρχονται, διπλοῦς ἐστι περίβολος, ὁ μὲν εἰς ἀνδρῶνα, ὁ δὲ εἰς γυναικωνῖτιν ἀποκριθείς· καὶ γὰρ καὶ γυναῖκες ἐξ ἔθους συνακροῶνται τὸν αὐτὸν ζῆλον καὶ τὴν αὐτὴν προαίρεσιν ἔχουσαι.
And this common sanctuary, into which they assemble on the seventh days, is a double enclosure, one part being set aside for the men's quarters, and the other for the women's quarters; for women also, by custom, listen together with them, having the same zeal and the same purpose.
§33ὁ δὲ μεταξὺ τῶν οἴκων τοῖχος τὸ μὲν ἐξ ἐδάφους ἐπὶ τρεῖς ἢ τέσσαρας πήχεις εἰς τὸ ἄνω συνῳκοδόμηται θωρακίου τρόπον, τὸ δὲ ἄχρι τέγους ἀνάγειον ἀχανὲς ἀνεῖται, δυοῖν ἕνεκα, τοῦ τε τὴν πρέπουσαν αἰδῶ τῇ γυναικείᾳ φύσει διατηρεῖσθαι καὶ τοῦ τὴν ἀντίληψιν ἔχειν εὐμαρῆ καθεζομένας ἐν ἐπηκόῳ, §34μηδενὸς τὴν τοῦ διαλεγομένου φωνὴν ἐμποδίζοντος.
And the wall between the chambers is built up from the ground to three or four cubits upward in the manner of a breastwork, but the upper part up to the roof is left open and empty, for two reasons: both that the fitting modesty for the female nature may be preserved, and that they, sitting within hearing distance, may have an easy perception, with nothing obstructing the voice of the speaker.
ἐγκράτειαν δὲ ὥσπερ τινὰ θεμέλιον προκαταβαλλόμενοι τῆς ψυχῆς τὰς ἄλλας ἐποικοδομοῦσιν ἀρετάς.
And laying down self-control first as a kind of foundation for the soul, they build upon it the other virtues.
σιτίον ἢ ποτὸν οὐδεὶς ἂν αὐτῶν προσενέγκαιτο πρὸ ἡλίου δύσεως, ἐπεὶ τὸ μὲν φιλοσοφεῖν ἄξιον φωτὸς κρίνουσιν εἶναι, σκότους δὲ τὰς τοῦ σώματος ἀνάγκας, ὅθεν τῷ μὲν ἡμέραν, ταῖς δὲ νυκτὸς βραχύ τι μέρος ἔνειμαν.
None of them would take food or drink before sunset, since they judge that practicing philosophy is worthy of light, but the necessities of the body, of darkness; wherefore to the former they assigned the day, and to the latter a small part of the night.
§35ἔνιοι δὲ καὶ διὰ τριῶν ἡμερῶν ὑπομιμνῄσκονται τροφῆς, οἷς πλείων ὁ πόθος ἐπιστήμης ἐνίδρυται· τινὲς δὲ οὕτως ἐνευφραίνονται καὶ τρυφῶσιν ὑπὸ σοφίας ἑστιώμενοι πλουσίως καὶ ἀφθόνως τὰ δόγματα χορηγούσης, ὡς καὶ πρὸς διπλασίονα χρόνον ἀντέχειν καὶ μόλις δι’ ἓξ ἡμερῶν ἀπογεύεσθαι τροφῆς ἀναγκαίας, ἐθισθέντες ὥσπερ φασὶ τὸ τῶν τεττίγων γένος ἀέρι τρέφεσθαι, τῆς ᾠδῆς, ὥς γε οἶμαι, τὴν ἔνδειαν ἐξευμαριζούσης.
And some also remember food only after three days, in whom a greater desire for knowledge is implanted; and some so feast themselves and luxuriate, being sumptuously and abundantly entertained by wisdom, which supplies her doctrines, that they hold out even for double the time and scarcely taste necessary food after six days, being accustomed, as they say, like the race of cicadas to feed on air, their song, as I indeed think, making their lack easy to bear.
§36τὴν δὲ ἑβδόμην πανίερόν τινα καὶ πανέορτον εἶναι νομίζοντες ἐξαιρέτου γέρως ἠξιώκασιν, ἐν ᾗ μετὰ τὴν τῆς ψυχῆς ἐπιμέλειαν καὶ τὸ σῶμα λιπαίνουσιν, ὥσπερ ἀμέλει καὶ τὰ θρέμματα, τῶν συνεχῶν πόνων ἀνιέντες.
But thinking that the seventh day is all-sacred and all-festive, they have deemed it worthy of special honor, on which, after the care of the soul, they also refresh the body, just as one would do for cattle, releasing them from continuous labors.
§37σιτοῦνται δὲ πολυτελὲς οὐδέν, ἀλλὰ ἄρτον εὐτελῆ, καὶ ὄψον ἅλες, οὓς οἱ ἁβροδίαιτοι παραρτύουσιν ὑσσώπῳ, ποτὸν δὲ ὕδωρ ναματιαῖον αὐτοῖς ἐστιν·
And they eat nothing expensive, but cheap bread, and as a relish, salt, which those who live delicately season with hyssop, and their drink is spring water.
ἃς γὰρ ἡ φύσις ἐπέστησε τῷ θνητῷ γένει δεσποίνας, πεῖνάν τε καὶ δίψαν, ἀπομειλίσσονται, τῶν εἰς κολακείαν ἐπιφέροντες οὐδέν, ἀλλ’ αὐτὰ τὰ χρήσιμα, ὧν ἄνευ ζῆν οὐκ ἔστι.
For they appease those mistresses whom nature has set over the mortal race, hunger and thirst, bringing in nothing for flattery, but only those useful things without which it is impossible to live.
διὰ τοῦτο ἐσθίουσι μέν, ὥστε μὴ πεινῆν, πίνουσι δέ, ὥστε μὴ διψῆν, πλησμονὴν ὡς ἐχθρόν τε καὶ ἐπίβουλον ψυχῆς τε καὶ σώματος ἐκτρεπόμενοι.
For this reason, they eat indeed, so as not to hunger, and drink, so as not to thirst, avoiding satiety as an enemy and a plotter against both soul and body.
§38ἐπεὶ δὲ καὶ σκέπης διττὸν εἶδος, τὸ μὲν ἐσθής, τὸ δὲ οἰκία, περὶ μὲν οἰκίας εἴρηται πρότερον, ὅτι ἐστὶν ἀκαλλώπιστος καὶ αὐτοσχέδιος, πρὸς τὸ χρειῶδες αὐτὸ μόνον εἰργασμένη· καὶ ἐσθὴς δὲ ὁμοίως εὐτελεστάτη, πρὸς ἀλέξημα κρυμοῦ τε καὶ θάλπους, χλαῖνα μὲν ἀπὸ λασίου δορᾶς παχεῖα χειμῶνος, ἐξωμὶς δὲ θέρους ἢ ὀθόνη.
And since there are also two kinds of shelter, namely clothing and house, concerning the house it has been said before that it is unadorned and temporary, crafted for usefulness alone; and clothing is likewise extremely cheap, as a protection against cold and heat, a thick cloak made of shaggy skin in winter, and a sleeveless tunic or linen garment in summer.
§39συνόλως γὰρ ἀσκοῦσιν ἀτυφίαν, εἰδότες τῦφον μὲν τοῦ ψεύδους ἀρχήν, ἀτυφίαν δὲ ἀληθείας, ἑκάτερον δὲ πηγῆς λόγον ἔχον· ῥέουσι γὰρ ἀπὸ μὲν τοῦ ψεύδους αἱ πολύτροποι τῶν κακῶν ἰδέαι, ἀπὸ δὲ τῆς ἀληθείας αἱ περιουσίαι τῶν ἀγαθῶν ἀνθρωπίνων τε καὶ θείων.
For in general they practice freedom from vanity, knowing that vanity is the beginning of falsehood, and freedom from vanity is the beginning of truth, both having the character of a source; for from falsehood flow the manifold forms of evils, and from truth the abundances of good things, both human and divine.
§40Βούλομαι δὲ καὶ τὰς κοινὰς συνόδους αὐτῶν καὶ ἱλαρωτέρας ἐν συμποσίοις διαγωγὰς εἰπεῖν, ἀντιτάξας τὰ τῶν ἄλλων συμπόσια.
And I wish also to speak of their common assemblies and their more cheerful pastimes in banquets, contrasting them with the banquets of others.
οἱ μὲν γὰρ ὅταν ἄκρατον ἐμφορήσωνται, καθάπερ οὐκ οἶνον πιόντες ἀλλὰ παρακινηματικόν τι καὶ μανιῶδες καὶ εἴ τι χαλεπώτερον ἐπ’ ἐκστάσει λογισμοῦ φυσικόν, ἀράσσουσι καὶ λυττῶσι τρόπον κυνῶν ἀτιθάσων καὶ ἐπανιστάμενοι δάκνουσιν ἀλλήλους καὶ ἀποτρώγουσι ῥῖνας, ὦτα, δακτύλους, ἕτερα ἄττα μέρη τοῦ σώματος, ὡς τὸν ἐπὶ Κύκλωπος καὶ τῶν Ὀδυσσέως ἑταίρων μῦθον ἀποδεδειχέναι τούτους ἀληθῆ, „ψωμούς“, ᾗ φησιν ὁ ποιητής, ἐπεσθίοντας ἀνθρώπων, καὶ ὠμότερον ἢ ἐκεῖνος.
For the latter, when they have filled themselves with unmixed wine, as if having drunk not wine but some instigating and mad thing, and whatever harsher natural thing there is for the ecstasy of reason, they clash and rage in the manner of untamed dogs, and rising up, bite one another and bite off noses, ears, fingers, and other parts of the body, so as to prove that the myth concerning the Cyclops and the companions of Odysseus is true, eating up 'morsels' of men, as the poet says, and even more savagely than he.
§41ὁ μὲν γὰρ ἐχθροὺς ὑποτοπήσας ἠμύνετο, οἱ δὲ συνήθεις καὶ φίλους, ἔστι δὲ ὅτε καὶ συγγενεῖς, ἐφ’ ἁλῶν καὶ τραπέζης, ἄσπονδα ἐν σπονδαῖς ἐργασάμενοι τῶν ἐν τοῖς γυμνικοῖς ἀγῶσιν ὅμοια καὶ παρακόπτοντες ὥσπερ νόμισμα δόκιμον ἄσκησιν, οἱ ἀντὶ ἀθλητῶν ἄθλιοι· τοῦτο γὰρ αὐτοῖς ἐπιφημιστέον.
For he, suspecting them to be enemies, defended himself, but they, on friends and close companions, and sometimes even relatives, over salt and table, commit unholy deeds during peace, performing acts similar to those in gymnastic games, and debasing, like genuine coinage, their training—wretches instead of athletes; for this is the name that must be applied to them.