Humanitext Reader

Herodotus · Histories §9.41.1-9.41.4

Council of War Between Mardonius and Artabazus

Passage 1496 of 1577 · Greek

Summary

On the eleventh day of the standoff, Mardonius and Artabazus held a conference. Artabazus proposed retreating to Thebes and using bribery to divide the Greeks, but Mardonius, confident in his army's superiority, rejected this plan in favor of immediate battle.

§9.41.1μέχρι μέν νυν τῶν δέκα ἡμερέων οὐδὲν ἐπὶ πλεῦν ἐγίνετο τούτων· ὡς δὲ ἑνδεκάτη ἐγεγόνεε ἡμέρη ἀντικατημένοισι ἐν Πλαταιῇσι, οἵ τε δὴ Ἕλληνες πολλῷ πλεῦνες ἐγεγόνεσαν καὶ Μαρδόνιος περιημέκτεε τῇ ἕδρῃ, ἐνθαῦτα ἐς λόγους ἦλθον Μαρδόνιός τε ὁ Γοβρύεω καὶ Ἀρτάβαζος ὁ Φαρνάκεος, ὃς ἐν ὀλίγοισι Περσέων ἦν ἀνὴρ δόκιμος παρὰ Ξέρξῃ.
Thus, during the ten days, nothing more than this happened; but when it became the eleventh day for them as they lay opposite each other at Plataea, and indeed the Greeks had become far more numerous and Mardonius was chafing at the inaction, then Mardonius, the son of Gobryas, and Artabazus, the son of Pharnaces, who was one of the few Persians highly esteemed by Xerxes, came to a conference.
§9.41.2βουλευομένων δὲ αἵδε ἦσαν αἱ γνῶμαι, ἣ μὲν Ἀρταβάζου ὡς χρεὸν εἴη ἀναζεύξαντας τὴν ταχίστην πάντα τὸν στρατὸν ἰέναι ἐς τὸ τεῖχος τὸ Θηβαίων, ἔθα σῖτόν τέ σφι ἐσενηνεῖχθαι πολλὸν καὶ χόρτον τοῖσι ὑποζυγίοισι, κατʼ ἡσυχίην τε ἱζομένους διαπρήσσεσθαι ποιεῦντας τάδε· §9.41.3ἔχειν γὰρ χρυσὸν πολλὸν μὲν ἐπίσημον πολλὸν δὲ καὶ ἄσημον, πολλὸν δὲ ἄργυρόν τε καὶ ἐκπώματα· τούτων φειδομένους μηδενὸς διαπέμπειν ἐς τοὺς Ἕλληνας, Ἑλλήνων δὲ μάλιστα ἐς τοὺς προεστεῶτας ἐν τῇσι πόλισι, καὶ ταχέως σφέας παραδώσειν τὴν ἐλευθερίην· μηδὲ ἀνακινδυνεύειν συμβάλλοντας.
As they deliberated, their opinions were as follows: that of Artabazus was that they should pack up as quickly as possible and that the whole army should go to the wall of the Thebans, where much food had been brought in for them and fodder for the baggage animals, and that, sitting there at leisure, they should accomplish their business by doing the following: for they possessed much gold, both coined and uncoined, and much silver and drinking-vessels; sparing none of these, they should send them to the Greeks, and especially to those Greeks who were leaders in the cities, and they would quickly surrender their freedom; and they should not run risks by joining battle.
§9.41.4τούτου μὲν ἡ αὐτὴ ἐγίνετο καὶ Θηβαίων γνώμη, ὡς προειδότος πλεῦν τι καὶ τούτου, Μαρδονίου δὲ ἰσχυροτέρη τε καὶ ἀγνωμονεστέρη καὶ οὐδαμῶς συγγινωσκομένη·
This opinion of his became the same as that of the Thebans, on the ground that he too had some superior foresight; but that of Mardonius was more violent and headstrong, and in no way conceding.
δοκέειν τε γὰρ πολλῷ κρέσσονα εἶναι τὴν σφετέρην στρατιὴν τῆς Ἑλληνικῆς, συμβάλλειν τε τὴν ταχίστην μηδὲ περιορᾶν συλλεγομένους ἔτι πλεῦνας τῶν συλλελεγμένων, τά τε σφάγια τὰ Ἡγησιστράτου ἐᾶν μηδὲ βιάζεσθαι, ἀλλὰ νόμῳ τῷ Περσέων χρεωμένους συμβάλλειν.
For he thought that their own army was far stronger than the Greek, and that they should join battle as quickly as possible and not allow even more to assemble than had already assembled, and that they should ignore the sacrificial victims of Hegesistratus and not force them to agree, but rather join battle by employing the custom of the Persians.

Notes

  1. 9.41.1ἀντικατημένοισι — Dative masculine plural of the present participle, acting as a dative of reference or temporal relation, expressing that "the eleventh day had come for them as they lay opposite each other."
  2. 9.41.2ὡς χρεὸν εἴη — The impersonal construction χρεόν ἐστι (it is necessary / one must) put into the optative of oblique narration (εἴη) to report Artabazus's opinion indirectly.
  3. 9.41.2ἀναζεύξαντας — Accusative participle agreeing with the subject of the infinitive, πάντα τὸν στρατόν, fitting the construction of χρεόν with an accusative and infinitive.
  4. 9.41.4ὡς προειδότος πλεῦν τι καὶ τούτου — A genitive absolute construction introduced by ὡς, representing a subjective reason or assumption ("on the ground that / in the belief that he too had some superior foresight").

Cite this passage

Herodotus, Histories §9.41.1-9.41.4. Humanitext Reader, https://reader.humanitext.ai/en/text/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0016.tlg001.humanitext-grc2:9.41.1-9.41.4

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