§35ἔστι τοίνυν τι πρᾶγμα καὶ ἄλλο, ὃ λυμαίνεται τὴν πόλιν ὑπὸ βλασφημίας ἀδίκου καὶ λόγων οὐ προσηκόντων διαβεβλημένον, εἶτα τοῖς μηδὲν τῶν ἐν τῇ πολιτείᾳ δικαίων βουλομένοις ποιεῖν πρόφασιν παρέχει·
There is also another matter which, slandered by unjust abuse and improper words, ruins the city, and then provides an excuse to those who do not wish to perform any of their duties in the state.
καὶ πάντων, ὅσʼ ἐκλείπει, δέον παρά του γίγνεσθαι, ἐπὶ τοῦθʼ εὑρήσετε τὴν αἰτίαν ἀναφερομένην.
And for everything that is lacking, which ought to be done by someone, you will find the blame referred to this.
περὶ οὗ πάνυ μὲν φοβοῦμαι, οὐ μὴν ἀλλʼ ἐρῶ·
Concerning this, I am indeed very much afraid, yet I will speak.
§36οἶμαι γὰρ ἕξειν καὶ ὑπὲρ τῶν ἀπόρων τὰ δίκαιʼ ἐπὶ τῷ συμφέροντι τῆς πόλεως εἰπεῖν πρὸς τοὺς εὐπόρους, καὶ ὑπὲρ τῶν κεκτημένων τὰς οὐσίας πρὸς τοὺς ἐπιδεεῖς.
For I think I shall be able to speak what is just on behalf of the needy to the wealthy, for the benefit of the city, and what is just on behalf of those who possess property to the needy.
εἰ ἀνέλοιμεν ἐκ μέσου καὶ τὰς βλασφημίας ἃς ἐπὶ τῷ θεωρικῷ ποιοῦνταί τινες οὐχὶ δικαίως, καὶ τὸν φόβον, ὡς οὐ στήσεται τοῦτʼ ἄνευ μεγάλου τινὸς κακοῦ, οὐδὲν ἂν εἰς τὰ πράγματα μεῖζον εἰσενεγκαίμεθα, οὐδʼ ὅ τι κοινῇ μᾶλλον ἂν ὅλην ἐπιρρώσειε τὴν πόλιν.
If we should remove from our midst both the slanders that some people unjustly direct against the festival fund, and the fear that this cannot stand without some great evil, we could make no greater contribution to our affairs, nor anything that would more strengthen the whole city in common.
§37οὑτωσὶ δὲ σκοπεῖτε· ἐρῶ δʼ ὑπὲρ τῶν ἐν χρείᾳ δοκούντων εἶναι πρότερον.
Consider it in this way; and I will speak first on behalf of those who seem to be in need.
ἦν ποτʼ οὐ πάλαι παρʼ ὑμῖν, ὅτʼ οὐ προσῄει τῇ πόλει τάλανθʼ ὑπὲρ τριάκοντα καὶ ἑκατόν· καὶ οὐδεὶς τῶν τριηραρχεῖν δυναμένων οὐδὲ τῶν εἰσφέρειν ὅστις οὐκ ἠξίου τὰ καθήκοντʼ ἐφʼ ἑαυτὸν ποιεῖν, ὅτι χρήματʼ οὐ περιῆν, ἀλλὰ καὶ τριήρεις ἔπλεον καὶ χρήματʼ ἐγίγνετο καὶ πάντʼ ἐποιοῦμεν τὰ δέοντα.
There was a time, not long ago among you, when there did not come into the city more than a hundred and thirty talents; and there was no one capable of serving as trierarch or paying the property tax who did not think it right to perform his duties himself, on the ground that there was no surplus money; but indeed, triremes sailed, money was raised, and we did everything that was necessary.
§38μετὰ ταῦθʼ ἡ τύχη, καλῶς ποιοῦσα, πολλὰ πεποίηκε τὰ κοινά, καὶ τετρακόσιʼ ἀντὶ τῶν ἑκατὸν ταλάντων προσέρχεται, οὐδενὸς οὐδὲν ζημιουμένου τῶν τὰς οὐσίας ἐχόντων, ἀλλὰ καὶ προσλαμβάνοντος·
After this, fortune, doing well, has made the public funds abundant, and four hundred talents come in instead of the hundred, while no one of those who possess property suffers any loss, but indeed receives even more.
οἱ γὰρ εὔποροι πάντες ἔρχονται μεθέξοντες τούτου, καὶ καλῶς ποιοῦσιν.
For the wealthy all come to share in this, and they do well to do so.
§39τί οὖν μαθόντες τοῦτʼ ὀνειδίζομεν ἀλλήλοις καὶ προφάσει χρώμεθα τοῦ μηδὲν ποιεῖν, πλὴν εἰ τῇ παρὰ τῆς τύχης βοηθείᾳ γεγονυίᾳ τοῖς ἀπόροις φθονοῦμεν;
Why then, what has possessed us to reproach one another with this, and use it as an excuse for doing nothing, unless it be that we envy the help that has come to the needy from fortune?
§40οὓς οὔτʼ ἂν αἰτιασαίμην ἔγωγε, οὔτʼ ἀξιῶ.
Whom I, for my part, would neither blame, nor do I think it right to do so.
οὐδὲ γὰρ ἐν ταῖς ἰδίαις οἰκίαις ὁρῶ τὸν ἐν ἡλικίᾳ πρὸς τοὺς πρεσβυτέρους οὕτω διακείμενον οὐδʼ οὕτως ἀγνώμονʼ οὐδʼ ἄτοπον τῶν ὄντων οὐδένα, ὥστε, εἰ μὴ ποιήσουσιν ἅπαντες ὅσʼ ἂν αὐτός, οὐ φάσκοντα ποιήσειν οὐδὲν οὐδʼ αὐτόν· καὶ γὰρ ἂν τοῖς τῆς κακώσεως εἴη νόμοις οὕτω γʼ ἔνοχος· δεῖ γάρ, οἶμαι, τοῖς γονεῦσι τὸν ὡρισμένον ἐξ ἀμφοτέρων ἔρανον, καὶ παρὰ τῆς φύσεως καὶ παρὰ τοῦ νόμου, δικαίως φέρειν καὶ ἑκόνθʼ ὑποτελεῖν.
For not even in private houses do I see any young man so disposed towards his elders, nor so unfeeling or absurd among those who exist, as to say that unless everyone else does as much as he, he himself will do nothing either; for indeed, he would thus be liable under the laws of maltreatment; for, I think, one must justly and willingly pay to one's parents the contribution ordained by both nature and law.
§41ὥσπερ τοίνυν ἑνὸς ἡμῶν ἑκάστου τίς ἐστι γονεύς, οὕτω συμπάσης τῆς πόλεως κοινοὺς δεῖ τοὺς γονέας σύμπαντας ἡγεῖσθαι, καὶ προσήκειν τούτους οὐχ ὅπως ὧν ἡ πόλις δίδωσʼ ἀφελέσθαι τι, ἀλλʼ εἰ καὶ μηδὲν ἦν τούτων, ἄλλοθεν σκοπεῖν ὅπως μηδενὸς ὄντες ἐνδεεῖς περιοφθήσονται.
Just as, then, each one of us has a parent, so we must regard all citizens in common as the parents of the whole city, and it is fitting, not indeed that they should be deprived of anything that the city gives, but even if there were nothing of the sort, we should look to other sources to see that they are not overlooked while in need of anything.
§42τοὺς μὲν τοίνυν εὐπόρους ταύτῃ χρωμένους τῇ γνώμῃ οὐ μόνον ἡγοῦμαι τὰ δίκαιʼ ἂν ποιεῖν, ἀλλὰ καὶ τὰ λυσιτελῆ· τὸ γὰρ τῶν ἀναγκαίων τινʼ ἀποστερεῖν κοινῇ κακόνους ἐστὶ ποιεῖν πολλοὺς ἀνθρώπους τοῖς πράγμασι·
I think, then, that the wealthy, by holding this opinion, would not only do what is just, but also what is advantageous; for to deprive anyone of necessities is to make many people in common ill-disposed to public affairs.
τοῖς δʼ ἐν ἐνδείᾳ, διʼ ὃ δυσχεραίνουσι τὸ πρᾶγμʼ οἱ τὰς οὐσίας ἔχοντες καὶ κατηγοροῦσι δικαίως, τοῦτʼ ἀφελεῖν ἂν συμβουλεύσαιμι.
And to those in need, I would advise that they should remove the cause for which the property owners are displeased with the matter and accuse them justly.
§43δίειμι δέ, ὥσπερ ἄρτι, τὸν αὐτὸν τρόπον καὶ ὑπὲρ τῶν εὐπόρων, οὐ κατοκνήσας εἰπεῖν τἀληθῆ.
And I will proceed, in the same manner as just now, on behalf of the wealthy also, not hesitating to speak the truth.
ἐμοὶ γὰρ οὐδεὶς οὕτως ἄθλιος οὐδʼ ὠμὸς εἶναι δοκεῖ τὴν γνώμην, οὔκουν Ἀθηναίων γε, ὥστε λυπεῖσθαι ταῦτα λαμβάνοντας ὁρῶν τοὺς ἀπόρους καὶ τῶν ἀναγκαίων ἐνδεεῖς ὄντας.
For to me, no one seems so wretched or cruel in mind, at least among the Athenians, as to be grieved when he sees the needy, who are destitute of necessities, receiving these things.
§44ἀλλὰ ποῦ συντρίβεται τὸ πρᾶγμα καὶ ποῦ δυσχεραίνεται;
But where does the matter break down, and where does the dissatisfaction arise?
ὅταν τὸ ἀπὸ τῶν κοινῶν ἔθος ἐπὶ τὰ ἴδια μεταβιβάζοντας ὁρῶσί τινας, καὶ μέγαν μὲν ὄντα παρʼ ὑμῖν εὐθέως τὸν λέγοντα, ἀθάνατον δʼ ἕνεκʼ ἀσφαλείας, ἑτέραν δὲ τὴν κρύβδην ψῆφον τοῦ φανερῶς θορύβου.
When they see certain people transferring the habit derived from public funds to private affairs, and the speaker immediately becoming great among you, and immortal by reason of his safety, and the secret vote being different from the open applause.