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Homeric Hymns · Homeric Hymn 5 to Aphrodite §149-220

Union of Aphrodite and Anchises and Prophecy of Aeneas

Passage 3 of 4 · Greek

Summary

Anchises desires union with Aphrodite even at the cost of entering Hades, and the two are united. Upon waking, Anchises is terrified by her divine form, but Aphrodite comforts him, foretelling the birth of their son Aeneas and reflecting on his divinely favored lineage.

§149οὔ τις ἔπειτα θεῶν οὔτε θνητῶν ἀνθρώπων §150ἐνθάδε με σχήσει, πρὶν σῇ φιλότητι μιγῆναι §151αὐτίκα νῦν· οὐδʼ εἴ κεν ἑκηβόλος αὐτὸς Ἀπόλλων §152τόξου ἀπʼ ἀργυρέου προΐῃ βέλεα στονόεντα.
"Then no one of the gods nor of mortal men shall hold me back here, before I mingle with you in love right now; not even if far-shooting Apollo himself should shoot grievous arrows from his silver bow.
§153βουλοίμην κεν ἔπειτα, γύναι ἐικυῖα θεῇσι, §154σῆς εὐνῆς ἐπιβὰς δῦναι δόμον Ἄιδος εἴσω. <milestone type="endquote"/> §155ὣς εἰπὼν λάβε χεῖρα· φιλομμειδὴς δʼ Ἀφροδίτη §156ἕρπε μεταστρεφθεῖσα κατʼ ὄμματα καλὰ βαλοῦσα §157ἐς λέχος εὔστρωτον, ὅθι περ πάρος ἔσκεν ἄνακτι §158χλαίνῃσιν μαλακῇς ἐστρωμένον· αὐτὰρ ὕπερθεν §159ἄρκτων δέρματʼ ἔκειτο βαρυφθόγγων τε λεόντων, §160τοὺς αὐτὸς κατέπεφνεν ἐν οὔρεσιν ὑψηλοῖσιν.
After that, O woman like to the goddesses, I would be willing to go down into the house of Hades, having mounted your bed." Thus speaking, he took her hand; and laughter-loving Aphrodite turned away, casting down her beautiful eyes, and went to the well-spread bed, which was already spread for the lord with soft cloaks; and on top of them lay the skins of deep-roaring bears and lions, which he himself had slain in the high mountains.
§161οἳ δʼ ἐπεὶ οὖν λεχέων εὐποιήτων ἐπέβησαν, §162κόσμον μέν οἱ πρῶτον ἀπὸ χροὸς εἷλε φαεινόν, §163πόρπας τε γναμπτάς θʼ ἕλικας κάλυκάς τε καὶ ὅρμους.
But when they had mounted the well-made bed, Anchises first took the shining ornament from her body, the curved brooches and spiral earrings and flower-buds and necklaces.
§164λῦσε δέ οἱ ζώνην ἰδὲ εἵματα σιγαλόεντα §165ἔκδυε καὶ κατέθηκεν ἐπὶ θρόνου ἀργυροήλου §166Ἀγχίσης· ὃ δʼ ἔπειτα θεῶν ἰότητι καὶ αἴσῃ §167ἀθανάτῃ παρέλεκτο θεᾷ βροτός, οὐ σάφα εἰδώς.
And Anchises loosed her girdle and divested her of her shining garments and laid them on a silver-nailed chair; and then, by the will and destiny of the gods, he lay by the immortal goddess, a mortal man, not clearly knowing.
§168ἦμος δʼ ἂψ εἰς αὖλιν ἀποκλίνουσι νομῆες §169βοῦς τε καὶ ἴφια μῆλα νομῶν ἐξ ἀνθεμοέντων· §170τῆμος ἄρʼ Ἀγχίσῃ μὲν ἐπὶ γλυκὺν ὕπνον ἔχευε §171νήδυμον, αὐτὴ δὲ χροῒ ἕννυτο εἵματα καλά.
At the hour when herdsmen drive back their cattle and fat sheep to the steading from the flowery pastures, then Aphrodite poured sweet, deep sleep upon Anchises, and she herself put her beautiful garments on her body.
§172ἑσσαμένη δʼ εὖ πάντα περὶ χροῒ δῖα θεάων §173ἔστη πὰρ κλισίῃ, κεὐποιήτοιο μελάθρου §174κῦρε κάρη· κάλλος δὲ παρειάων ἀπέλαμπεν §175ἄμβροτον, οἷόν τʼ ἐστὶν ἐυστεφάνου Κυθερείης,
When she had clad herself well in everything about her body, the divine goddess stood by the tent, and her head touched the well-made roof-tree; and from her cheeks shone immortal beauty, such as belongs to fair-crowned Cytherea.
§176ἐξ ὕπνου τʼ ἀνέγειρεν ἔπος τʼ ἔφατʼ ἔκ τʼ ὀνόμαζεν· §177<milestone type="startquote"/> ὄρσεο, Δαρδανίδη· τί νυ νήγρετον ὕπνον ἰαύεις;
And she aroused him from sleep and spoke and addressed him: "Arouse yourself, son of Dardanus; why do you sleep such an unbreakable sleep?
§178καὶ φράσαι, εἴ τοι ὁμοίη ἐγὼν ἰνδάλλομαι εἶναι, §179οἵην δή με τὸ πρῶτον ἐν ὀφθαλμοῖσι νόησας; <milestone type="endquote"/> §180ὣς φάθʼ· ὃ δʼ ἐξ ὕπνοιο μάλʼ ἐμμαπέως ὑπάκουσεν.
And consider whether I appear to you to be like the one whom you first perceived with your eyes." Thus she spoke; and he listened and answered from his sleep very quickly.
§181ὡς δὲ ἴδεν δειρήν τε καὶ ὄμματα κάλʼ Ἀφροδίτης, §182τάρβησέν τε καὶ ὄσσε παρακλιδὸν ἔτραπεν ἄλλῃ· §183ἂψ δʼ αὖτις χλαίνῃ τε καλύψατο καλὰ πρόσωπα §184καί μιν λισσόμενος ἔπεα πτερόεντα προσηύδα· §185<milestone type="startquote"/> αὐτίκα σʼ ὡς τὰ πρῶτα, θεά, ἴδον ὀφθαλμοῖσιν, §186ἔγνων ὡς θεὸς ἦσθα· σὺ δʼ οὐ νημερτὲς ἔειπες.
But when he saw the neck and beautiful eyes of Aphrodite, he feared and turned his eyes aside, looking away; and again he covered his own beautiful face with a cloak, and entreating her, he spoke winged words to her: "At once, as soon as I first saw you with my eyes, goddess, I knew that you were a god; but you did not speak the truth.
§187ἀλλά σε πρὸς Ζηνὸς γουνάζομαι αἰγιόχοιο, §188μή με ζῶντʼ ἀμενηνὸν ἐν ἀνθρώποισιν ἐάσῃς §189ναίειν, ἀλλʼ ἐλέαιρʼ· ἐπεὶ οὐ βιοθάλμιος ἀνὴρ §190γίγνεται, ὅς τε θεαῖς εὐνάζεται ἀθανάτῃσι. <milestone type="endquote"/> §191τὸν δʼ ἠμείβετʼ ἔπειτα Διὸς θυγάτηρ Ἀφροδίτη· §192<milestone type="startquote"/> Ἀγχίση, κύδιστε καταθνητῶν ἀνθρώπων, §193θάρσει, μηδέ τι σῇσι μετὰ φρεσὶ δείδιθι λίην· §194οὐ γάρ τοί τι δέος παθέειν κακὸν ἐξ ἐμέθεν γε, §195οὐδʼ ἄλλων μακάρων· ἐπεὶ ἦ φίλος ἐσσὶ θεοῖσι.
But I entreat you by aegis-bearing Zeus, do not leave me to dwell living as a powerless strengthless man among men, but have pity; since a man who sleeps with immortal goddesses does not become full of life." And then Aphrodite, the daughter of Zeus, answered him: "Anchises, most glorious of mortal men, take courage, and do not fear too much in your heart; for you have no fear of suffering any evil from me, at least, nor from the other blessed ones, since indeed you are dear to the gods.
§196σοὶ δʼ ἔσται φίλος υἱός, ὃς ἐν Τρώεσσιν ἀνάξει §197καὶ παῖδες παίδεσσι διαμπερὲς ἐκγεγάοντες·
And you shall have a dear son, who shall rule among the Trojans, and children shall be born to his children continuously for ever.
§198τῷ δὲ καὶ Αἰνείας ὄνομʼ ἔσσεται, οὕνεκα μʼ αἰνὸν §199ἔσχεν ἄχος, ἕνεκα βροτοῦ ἀνέρος ἔμπεσον εὐνῇ·
And his name shall be Aeneas, because a terrible grief possessed me, because I fell into the bed of a mortal man.
§200ἀγχίθεοι δὲ μάλιστα καταθνητῶν ἀνθρώπων §201αἰεὶ ἀφʼ ὑμετέρης γενεῆς εἶδός τε φυήν τε.
And indeed, those of your race are always most like to the gods in appearance and stature, more than any other mortal men.
§202ἦ τοι μὲν ξανθὸν Γανυμήδεα μητιέτα Ζεὺς §203ἥρπασε ὃν διὰ κάλλος, ἵνʼ ἀθανάτοισι μετείη §204καί τε Διὸς κατὰ δῶμα θεοῖς ἐπιοινοχοεύοι, §205θαῦμα ἰδεῖν, πάντεσσι τετιμένος ἀθανάτοισι, §206χρυσέου ἐκ κρητῆρος ἀφύσσων νέκταρ ἐρυθρόν.
Indeed, counselor Zeus snatched away golden-haired Ganymede because of his beauty, so that he might be among the immortals and pour wine for the gods in the house of Zeus, a wonder to see, honored by all the immortals, drawing red nectar from a golden mixing-bowl.
§207Τρῶα δὲ πένθος ἄλαστον ἔχε φρένας, οὐδέ τι ᾔδει, §208ὅππη οἱ φίλον υἱὸν ἀνήρπασε θέσπις ἄελλα·
And unforgetting grief held the mind of Tros, nor did he know at all where the divine whirlwind had snatched his dear son.
§209τὸν δὴ ἔπειτα γόασκε διαμπερὲς ἤματα πάντα §210καί μιν Ζεὺς ἐλέησε, δίδου δέ οἱ υἷος ἄποινα, §211ἵππους ἀρσίποδας, τοί τʼ ἀθανάτους φορέουσι.
Therefore indeed he lamented him continuously all his days, and Zeus had pity on him, and gave him as a recompense for his son high-stepping horses, such as carry the immortals.
§212τούς οἱ δῶρον ἔδωκεν ἔχειν· εἶπεν δὲ ἕκαστα §213Ζηνὸς ἐφημοσύνῃσι διάκτορος Ἀργειφόντης, §214ὡς ἔοι ἀθάνατος καὶ ἀγήρως ἶσα θεοῖσιν.
These he gave him to have as a gift; and the messenger, the Argus-slayer, told him everything by the commands of Zeus, how he should be immortal and ageless, equal to the gods.
§215αὐτὰρ ἐπειδὴ Ζηνὸς ὅ γʼ ἔκλυεν ἀγγελιάων, §216οὐκέτʼ ἔπειτα γόασκε, γεγήθει δὲ φρένας ἔνδον, §217γηθόσυνος δʼ ἵπποισιν ἀελλοπόδεσσιν ὀχεῖτο.
But when he heard the messages of Zeus, he no longer lamented then, but rejoiced in his heart within, and, glad at heart, he rode on his storm-swift horses.
§218ὣς δʼ αὖ Τιθωνὸν χρυσόθρονος ἥρπασεν Ἠώς, §219ὑμετέρης γενεῆς, ἐπιείκελον ἀθανάτοισι.
And so again golden-throned Eos snatched away Tithonus, of your race, like to the immortals.
§220Βῆ δʼ ἴμεν αἰτήσουσα κελαινεφέα Κρονίωνα,
And she went to ask the dark-clouded son of Cronos,

Notes

  1. §150πρὶν σῇ φιλότητι μιγῆναι — The conjunction πρίν is followed by the aorist passive infinitive μιγῆναι (from μείγνυμι). Since the main clause is negative (οὔ τις... σχήσει), this construction can be interpreted as "until I mingle..." or "before I mingle...".
  2. §153βουλοίμην κεν — The optative βουλοίμην with the particle κεν (equivalent to Attic ἄν) expresses a potential or willing state ("I would wish"). The preceding participle phrase σῆς εὐνῆς ἐπιβὰς ("having mounted your bed") functions as the protasis (condition) for this potential optative.
  3. §167παρέλεκτο... βροτός, οὐ σάφα εἰδώς — The subject of the verb παρέλεκτο (pluperfect 3rd singular of παραλέγομαι) is βροτός ("a mortal", referring to Anchises), which is modified by the participle phrase οὐ σάφα εἰδώς ("not clearly knowing").
  4. §188μή με ζῶντʼ ἀμενηνὸν ἐν ἀνθρώποισιν ἐάσῃς / ναίειν — This is a prohibitive subjunctive (μή with the aorist subjunctive ἐάσῃς). The verb ἐάω takes an accusative (με ζῶντʼ ἀμενηνὸν) and an infinitive (ναίειν) to mean "do not allow/leave me to dwell living as a powerless man."
  5. §197καὶ παῖδες παίδεσσι — This is a polyptoton (juxtaposition of different cases of the same word), a common poetic and formulaic expression meaning "children to children" or "children of children," i.e., "generation after generation."

Cite this passage

Homeric Hymns, Homeric Hymn 5 to Aphrodite §149-220. Humanitext Reader, https://reader.humanitext.ai/en/text/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0013.tlg005.humanitext-grc2:149-220

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