Humanitext Reader

Homer · Odyssey §9.422-9.494

Escape Under the Rams and the Hurling of the Boulder

Passage 63 of 173 · Greek

Summary

Odysseus escapes Polyphemus' cave by clinging to the belly of a ram and boards his ship with his companions. Once at sea, Odysseus' taunting provokes the giant to hurl a massive mountain peak, threatening to destroy the vessel, though they manage to push off once more.

§9.422εὑροίμην· πάντας δὲ δόλους καὶ μῆτιν ὕφαινον §9.423ὥς τε περὶ ψυχῆς· μέγα γὰρ κακὸν ἐγγύθεν ἦεν.
if I might find it; and I wove all kinds of guile and plans, as if for my life; for a great evil was near at hand.
§9.424ἥδε δέ μοι κατὰ θυμὸν ἀρίστη φαίνετο βουλή.
And this plan seemed to me in my heart to be the best.
§9.425ἄρσενες ὄιες ἦσαν ἐυτρεφέες, δασύμαλλοι, §9.426καλοί τε μεγάλοι τε, ἰοδνεφὲς εἶρος ἔχοντες· §9.427τοὺς ἀκέων συνέεργον ἐυστρεφέεσσι λύγοισιν, §9.428τῇς ἔπι Κύκλωψ εὗδε πέλωρ, ἀθεμίστια εἰδώς, §9.429σύντρεις αἰνύμενος· ὁ μὲν ἐν μέσῳ ἄνδρα φέρεσκε, §9.430τὼ δʼ ἑτέρω ἑκάτερθεν ἴτην σώοντες ἑταίρους.
There were well-fed rams, thick-fleeced, beautiful and large, with wool as dark as violets; these I quietly bound together with well-twisted willow twigs, on which the monster Cyclops, with lawless thoughts in mind, used to sleep, taking them three by three; the one in the middle carried a man, while the other two on either side went to protect my companions.
§9.431τρεῖς δὲ ἕκαστον φῶτʼ ὄιες φέρον· αὐτὰρ ἐγώ γε— §9.432ἀρνειὸς γὰρ ἔην μήλων ὄχʼ ἄριστος ἁπάντων, §9.433τοῦ κατὰ νῶτα λαβών, λασίην ὑπὸ γαστέρʼ ἐλυσθεὶς §9.434κείμην· αὐτὰρ χερσὶν ἀώτου θεσπεσίοιο §9.435νωλεμέως στρεφθεὶς ἐχόμην τετληότι θυμῷ.
Thus three sheep carried each man; but as for me— for there was a ram far the best of all the flock, grasping his back, and curled up under his shaggy belly, I lay there; and with my hands, in the wondrous wool, I held on tightly with a patient heart, turning myself in.
§9.436ὣς τότε μὲν στενάχοντες ἐμείναμεν Ἠῶ δῖαν.
So then, groaning, we waited for the divine Dawn.
§9.437ἦμος δʼ ἠριγένεια φάνη ῥοδοδάκτυλος Ἠώς, §9.438καὶ τότʼ ἔπειτα νομόνδʼ ἐξέσσυτο ἄρσενα μῆλα, §9.439θήλειαι δὲ μέμηκον ἀνήμελκτοι περὶ σηκούς· §9.440οὔθατα γὰρ σφαραγεῦντο.
But when early-born, rosy-fingered Dawn appeared, then indeed the male sheep rushed out to the pasture, while the females bleated unmilked around the pens; for their udders were bursting.
ἄναξ δʼ ὀδύνῃσι κακῇσι §9.441τειρόμενος πάντων ὀίων ἐπεμαίετο νῶτα §9.442ὀρθῶν ἑσταότων· τὸ δὲ νήπιος οὐκ ἐνόησεν, §9.443ὥς οἱ ὑπʼ εἰροπόκων ὀίων στέρνοισι δέδεντο.
But their master, tormented by terrible pains, felt along the backs of all the sheep as they stood upright; but in his folly he did not notice this, how they were bound under the breasts of the thick-fleeced sheep.
§9.444ὕστατος ἀρνειὸς μήλων ἔστειχε θύραζε §9.445λάχνῳ στεινόμενος καὶ ἐμοὶ πυκινὰ φρονέοντι.
Last of all the flock, the ram walked out of the door, weighted down by his fleece and by me who was thinking deep thoughts.
§9.446τὸν δʼ ἐπιμασσάμενος προσέφη κρατερὸς Πολύφημος· §9.447κριὲ πέπον, τί μοι ὧδε διὰ σπέος ἔσσυο μήλων §9.448ὕστατος;
And feeling him, the mighty Polyphemus spoke to him: "Dear ram, why do you rush thus through the cave last of the sheep?
οὔ τι πάρος γε λελειμμένος ἔρχεαι οἰῶν, §9.449ἀλλὰ πολὺ πρῶτος νέμεαι τέρενʼ ἄνθεα ποίης §9.450μακρὰ βιβάς, πρῶτος δὲ ῥοὰς ποταμῶν ἀφικάνεις, §9.451πρῶτος δὲ σταθμόνδε λιλαίεαι ἀπονέεσθαι §9.452ἑσπέριος· νῦν αὖτε πανύστατος.
Before, you were never left behind by the sheep, but far the first you grazed on the tender flowers of the grass, stepping with long strides, and first you reached the streams of the rivers, and first you desired to return to the fold in the evening; but now, on the contrary, you are last of all.
ἦ σύ γʼ ἄνακτος §9.453ὀφθαλμὸν ποθέεις, τὸν ἀνὴρ κακὸς ἐξαλάωσε §9.454σὺν λυγροῖς ἑτάροισι δαμασσάμενος φρένας οἴνῳ, §9.455Οὖτις, ὃν οὔ πώ φημι πεφυγμένον εἶναι ὄλεθρον.
Surely you miss your master's eye, which an evil man blinded, subduing my mind with wine, along with his miserable companions, that Outis, who, I say, has not yet escaped destruction.
§9.456εἰ δὴ ὁμοφρονέοις ποτιφωνήεις τε γένοιο §9.457εἰπεῖν ὅππῃ κεῖνος ἐμὸν μένος ἠλασκάζει· §9.458τῷ κέ οἱ ἐγκέφαλός γε διὰ σπέος ἄλλυδις ἄλλῃ §9.459θεινομένου ῥαίοιτο πρὸς οὔδεϊ, κὰδ δέ κʼ ἐμὸν κῆρ §9.460λωφήσειε κακῶν, τά μοι οὐτιδανὸς πόρεν Οὖτις. §9.461ὣς εἰπὼν τὸν κριὸν ἀπὸ ἕο πέμπε θύραζε.
If only you could think like me and have the power of speech, to tell me where that man is shrinking from my wrath; then indeed his brains would be dashed here and there through the cave against the ground as he is struck, and my heart would find relief from the evils which that good-for-nothing Outis brought me." So saying, he sent the ram away from him out of the door.
§9.462ἐλθόντες δʼ ἠβαιὸν ἀπὸ σπείους τε καὶ αὐλῆς §9.463πρῶτος ὑπʼ ἀρνειοῦ λυόμην, ὑπέλυσα δʼ ἑταίρους.
When we had gone a little way from the cave and the yard, first I released myself from under the ram, and then I untied my companions.
§9.464καρπαλίμως δὲ τὰ μῆλα ταναύποδα, πίονα δημῷ, §9.465πολλὰ περιτροπέοντες ἐλαύνομεν, ὄφρʼ ἐπὶ νῆα §9.466ἱκόμεθʼ.
And swiftly we drove the long-striding sheep, rich with fat, turning them about many times, until we came to the ship.
ἀσπάσιοι δὲ φίλοις ἑτάροισι φάνημεν, §9.467οἳ φύγομεν θάνατον, τοὺς δὲ στενάχοντο γοῶντες.
And welcome we appeared to our dear companions, we who had escaped death, but for the others they wailed and groaned.
§9.468ἀλλʼ ἐγὼ οὐκ εἴων, ἀνὰ δʼ ὀφρύσι νεῦον ἑκάστῳ, §9.469κλαίειν, ἀλλʼ ἐκέλευσα θοῶς καλλίτριχα μῆλα §9.470πόλλʼ ἐν νηὶ βαλόντας ἐπιπλεῖν ἁλμυρὸν ὕδωρ.
But I would not let them weep, nodding with my brows to each, but ordered them quickly to throw the many fair-fleeced sheep on board and to sail over the salty water.
§9.471οἱ δʼ αἶψʼ εἴσβαινον καὶ ἐπὶ κληῖσι καθῖζον, §9.472ἑξῆς δʼ ἑζόμενοι πολιὴν ἅλα τύπτον ἐρετμοῖς.
And they straightway went on board and sat down at the rowing benches, and sitting in order, they struck the grey sea with their oars.
§9.473ἀλλʼ ὅτε τόσσον ἀπῆν, ὅσσον τε γέγωνε βοήσας, §9.474καὶ τότʼ ἐγὼ Κύκλωπα προσηύδων κερτομίοισι· §9.475Κύκλωψ, οὐκ ἄρʼ ἔμελλες ἀνάλκιδος ἀνδρὸς ἑταίρους §9.476ἔδμεναι ἐν σπῆι γλαφυρῷ κρατερῆφι βίηφι.
But when we were as far away as a man's voice carries when he shouts, then indeed I spoke to the Cyclops with mocking words: "Cyclops, you were not destined then to eat the companions of a weak man in your hollow cave by your brutal might.
§9.477καὶ λίην σέ γʼ ἔμελλε κιχήσεσθαι κακὰ ἔργα, §9.478σχέτλιʼ, ἐπεὶ ξείνους οὐχ ἅζεο σῷ ἐνὶ οἴκῳ §9.479ἐσθέμεναι· τῷ σε Ζεὺς τίσατο καὶ θεοὶ ἄλλοι. §9.480ὣς ἐφάμην, ὁ δʼ ἔπειτα χολώσατο κηρόθι μᾶλλον, §9.481ἧκε δʼ ἀπορρήξας κορυφὴν ὄρεος μεγάλοιο, §9.482κὰδ δʼ ἔβαλε προπάροιθε νεὸς κυανοπρῴροιο §9.483τυτθόν, ἐδεύησεν δʼ οἰήιον ἄκρον ἱκέσθαι,
And indeed your evil deeds were bound to find you out, wretch, since you did not shrink from eating guests in your own house; therefore Zeus and the other gods have punished you." So I spoke, and he then grew even more angry in his heart, and he broke off the peak of a great mountain and hurled it, and cast it just ahead of the dark-prowed ship, by a little, and it missed reaching the tip of the rudder.
§9.484ἐκλύσθη δὲ θάλασσα κατερχομένης ὑπὸ πέτρης· §9.485τὴν δʼ αἶψʼ ἤπειρόνδε παλιρρόθιον φέρε κῦμα, §9.486πλημυρὶς ἐκ πόντοιο, θέμωσε δὲ χέρσον ἱκέσθαι.
And the sea surged up under the falling rock, and the back-rushing wave quickly bore the ship toward the land, a flood-tide from the deep, and forced it to reach the shore.
§9.487αὐτὰρ ἐγὼ χείρεσσι λαβὼν περιμήκεα κοντὸν §9.488ὦσα παρέξ, ἑτάροισι δʼ ἐποτρύνας ἐκέλευσα §9.489ἐμβαλέειν κώπῃς, ἵνʼ ὑπὲκ κακότητα φύγοιμεν, §9.490κρατὶ κατανεύων· οἱ δὲ προπεσόντες ἔρεσσον.
But I, taking a very long pole in my hands, pushed the ship off, and encouraging my companions, ordered them to bend to their oars, so that we might escape from our plight, nodding with my head; and they bent forward and rowed.
§9.491ἀλλʼ ὅτε δὴ δὶς τόσσον ἅλα πρήσσοντες ἀπῆμεν, §9.492καὶ τότε δὴ Κύκλωπα προσηύδων· ἀμφὶ δʼ ἑταῖροι §9.493μειλιχίοις ἐπέεσσιν ἐρήτυον ἄλλοθεν ἄλλος· §9.494σχέτλιε, τίπτʼ ἐθέλεις ἐρεθιζέμεν ἄγριον ἄνδρα;
But when indeed we were twice as far away, traversing the sea, then indeed I was about to call to the Cyclops; but around me my companions restrained me with gentle words from all sides: "Wretch, why do you wish to provoke a wild man?"

Notes

  1. 9.422εὑροίμην — A first aorist middle optative dependent on the `εἴ` from the previous line, expressing a hope or indirect expectation ('if perhaps I might find').
  2. 9.428τῇς ἔπι — An instance of prepositional anastrophe, where `ἐπί` is placed after its relative pronoun object `τῇς`, causing the accent to shift backward to the first syllable.
  3. 9.434ἀώτου θεσπεσίοιο — A partitive genitive of contact governed by the verb `ἐχόμην` ('I held on to'), standard in Greek for verbs of grasping or touching.
  4. 9.445λάχνῳ στεινόμενος καὶ ἐμοὶ πυκινὰ φρονέοντι — A zeugma-like construction where the passive participle `στεινόμενος` ('weighted down' or 'confined') is modified by two datives of cause: the literal, physical `λάχνῳ` ('by fleece') and the figurative, personal `ἐμοὶ... φρονέοντι` ('by me, who was thinking deep thoughts').

Cite this passage

Homer, Odyssey §9.422-9.494. Humanitext Reader, https://reader.humanitext.ai/en/text/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0012.tlg002.humanitext-grc2:9.422-9.494

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