Humanitext Reader

Homer · Odyssey §9.355-9.421

The Trick of Noman and the Blinding of the Cyclops

Passage 62 of 173 · Greek

Summary

Odysseus tells the Cyclops his name is 'Outis' (Noman) and makes him drunk, then blinds him with a burning olive-wood stake as he sleeps. The other Cyclopes gather at Polyphemus's cries, but leave when they hear 'Noman is killing me,' allowing Odysseus to start planning their escape.

§9.355δός μοι ἔτι πρόφρων, καί μοι τεὸν οὔνομα εἰπὲ §9.356αὐτίκα νῦν, ἵνα τοι δῶ ξείνιον, ᾧ κε σὺ χαίρῃς· §9.357καὶ γὰρ Κυκλώπεσσι φέρει ζείδωρος ἄρουρα §9.358οἶνον ἐριστάφυλον, καί σφιν Διὸς ὄμβρος ἀέξει· §9.359ἀλλὰ τόδʼ ἀμβροσίης καὶ νέκταρός ἐστιν ἀπορρώξ. §9.360ὣς φάτʼ, ἀτάρ οἱ αὖτις ἐγὼ πόρον αἴθοπα οἶνον.
"Give me more, with a willing heart, and tell me your name straightway now, so that I may give you a guest-gift in which you may rejoice; for the grain-giving earth bears for the Cyclopes also wine from fine clusters, and the rain of Zeus makes it grow for them; but this is a stream of ambrosia and nectar." So he spoke, and I poured him again the sparkling wine.
§9.361τρὶς μὲν ἔδωκα φέρων, τρὶς δʼ ἔκπιεν ἀφραδίῃσιν.
Thrice I brought and gave it, and thrice he drank it in his folly.
§9.362αὐτὰρ ἐπεὶ Κύκλωπα περὶ φρένας ἤλυθεν οἶνος, §9.363καὶ τότε δή μιν ἔπεσσι προσηύδων μειλιχίοισι· §9.364Κύκλωψ, εἰρωτᾷς μʼ ὄνομα κλυτόν, αὐτὰρ ἐγώ τοι §9.365ἐξερέω· σὺ δέ μοι δὸς ξείνιον, ὥς περ ὑπέστης.
But when the wine had got around the mind of the Cyclops, then indeed I spoke to him with gentle words: "Cyclops, you ask me my famous name, and I will tell it; but do you give me a guest-gift, even as you promised.
§9.366Οὖτις ἐμοί γʼ ὄνομα· Οὖτιν δέ με κικλήσκουσι §9.367μήτηρ ἠδὲ πατὴρ ἠδʼ ἄλλοι πάντες ἑταῖροι. §9.368ὣς ἐφάμην, ὁ δέ μʼ αὐτίκʼ ἀμείβετο νηλέι θυμῷ· §9.369Οὖτιν ἐγὼ πύματον ἔδομαι μετὰ οἷς ἑτάροισιν, §9.370τοὺς δʼ ἄλλους πρόσθεν· τὸ δέ τοι ξεινήιον ἔσται. §9.371ἦ καὶ ἀνακλινθεὶς πέσεν ὕπτιος, αὐτὰρ ἔπειτα §9.372κεῖτʼ ἀποδοχμώσας παχὺν αὐχένα, κὰδ δέ μιν ὕπνος §9.373ᾕρει πανδαμάτωρ· φάρυγος δʼ ἐξέσσυτο οἶνος §9.374ψωμοί τʼ ἀνδρόμεοι· ὁ δʼ ἐρεύγετο οἰνοβαρείων.
Outis is my name; and Outis they call me, my mother and my father, and all my other companions." So I spoke, and he straightway answered me with pitiless heart: "Outis I will eat last among his companions, and the others before him; and that shall be your guest-gift." He spoke, and reeling, fell backward, and then lay with his thick neck bent aside, and sleep, conqueror of all, seized him; and from his throat gushed the wine and morsels of human flesh; and he vomited, heavy with wine.
§9.375καὶ τότʼ ἐγὼ τὸν μοχλὸν ὑπὸ σποδοῦ ἤλασα πολλῆς, §9.376ἧος θερμαίνοιτο· ἔπεσσι δὲ πάντας ἑταίρους §9.377θάρσυνον, μή τίς μοι ὑποδείσας ἀναδύη.
And then I pushed the bar under the deep ashes, until it should grow hot; and with words I encouraged all my companions, lest anyone should draw back in fear.
§9.378ἀλλʼ ὅτε δὴ τάχʼ ὁ μοχλὸς ἐλάινος ἐν πυρὶ μέλλεν §9.379ἅψεσθαι, χλωρός περ ἐών, διεφαίνετο δʼ αἰνῶς, §9.380καὶ τότʼ ἐγὼν ἆσσον φέρον ἐκ πυρός, ἀμφὶ δʼ ἑταῖροι §9.381ἵσταντʼ· αὐτὰρ θάρσος ἐνέπνευσεν μέγα δαίμων.
But when indeed the olive wood bar was about to catch fire in the flame, green though it was, and glowed terribly, then indeed I brought it near from the fire, and around me my companions stood; and a god breathed great courage into us.
§9.382οἱ μὲν μοχλὸν ἑλόντες ἐλάινον, ὀξὺν ἐπʼ ἄκρῳ, §9.383ὀφθαλμῷ ἐνέρεισαν· ἐγὼ δʼ ἐφύπερθεν ἐρεισθεὶς §9.384δίνεον, ὡς ὅτε τις τρυπῷ δόρυ νήιον ἀνὴρ §9.385τρυπάνῳ, οἱ δέ τʼ ἔνερθεν ὑποσσείουσιν ἱμάντι §9.386ἁψάμενοι ἑκάτερθε, τὸ δὲ τρέχει ἐμμενὲς αἰεί.
They, taking the olive wood bar, sharp at the tip, thrust it into his eye; and I, leaning on it from above, spun it, as when a man bores a ship's timber with a drill, and those below keep it spinning with a strap, holding it on either side, and it runs constantly forever.
§9.387ὣς τοῦ ἐν ὀφθαλμῷ πυριήκεα μοχλὸν ἑλόντες §9.388δινέομεν, τὸν δʼ αἷμα περίρρεε θερμὸν ἐόντα.
So we, taking the fire-sharpened bar, spun it in his eye, and the blood flowed around it, hot as it was.
§9.389πάντα δέ οἱ βλέφαρʼ ἀμφὶ καὶ ὀφρύας εὗσεν ἀυτμὴ §9.390γλήνης καιομένης, σφαραγεῦντο δέ οἱ πυρὶ ῥίζαι.
And the breath of the burning eyeball singed all his eyelids and brows round about, and its roots crackled in the fire.
§9.391ὡς δʼ ὅτʼ ἀνὴρ χαλκεὺς πέλεκυν μέγαν ἠὲ σκέπαρνον §9.392εἰν ὕδατι ψυχρῷ βάπτῃ μεγάλα ἰάχοντα §9.393φαρμάσσων· τὸ γὰρ αὖτε σιδήρου γε κράτος ἐστίν §9.394ὣς τοῦ σίζʼ ὀφθαλμὸς ἐλαϊνέῳ περὶ μοχλῷ.
And as when a smith dips a great axe or an adze into cold water, and it hisses loudly as he tempers it—for that is the strength of iron— so his eye hissed around the olive-wood bar.
§9.395σμερδαλέον δὲ μέγʼ ᾤμωξεν, περὶ δʼ ἴαχε πέτρη, §9.396ἡμεῖς δὲ δείσαντες ἀπεσσύμεθʼ· αὐτὰρ ὁ μοχλὸν §9.397ἐξέρυσʼ ὀφθαλμοῖο πεφυρμένον αἵματι πολλῷ.
And he groaned terribly and aloud, and the rock rang around, and we fled in fear; but he drew the bar out of his eye, befouled with much blood.
§9.398τὸν μὲν ἔπειτʼ ἔρριψεν ἀπὸ ἕο χερσὶν ἀλύων, §9.399αὐτὰρ ὁ Κύκλωπας μεγάλʼ ἤπυεν, οἵ ῥά μιν ἀμφὶς §9.400ᾤκεον ἐν σπήεσσι διʼ ἄκριας ἠνεμοέσσας.
This then he cast from him with his hands, frantic with pain, and he called aloud to the Cyclopes, who dwelt round about him in caves along the windy heights.
§9.401οἱ δὲ βοῆς ἀίοντες ἐφοίτων ἄλλοθεν ἄλλος, §9.402ἱστάμενοι δʼ εἴροντο περὶ σπέος ὅττι ἑ κήδοι· §9.403τίπτε τόσον, Πολύφημʼ, ἀρημένος ὧδʼ ἐβόησας §9.404νύκτα διʼ ἀμβροσίην καὶ ἀύπνους ἄμμε τίθησθα;
And they, hearing his cry, came flocking from every side, and standing around the cave they asked what was troubling him: "Why, Polyphemus, have you cried out so loud in your distress through the ambrosial night, and make us sleepless?
§9.405ἦ μή τίς σευ μῆλα βροτῶν ἀέκοντος ἐλαύνει;
Surely no mortal is driving away your flocks against your will?
§9.406ἦ μή τίς σʼ αὐτὸν κτείνει δόλῳ ἠὲ βίηφιν; §9.407τοὺς δʼ αὖτʼ ἐξ ἄντρου προσέφη κρατερὸς Πολύφημος· §9.408ὦ φίλοι, Οὖτίς με κτείνει δόλῳ οὐδὲ βίηφιν. §9.409οἱ δʼ ἀπαμειβόμενοι ἔπεα πτερόεντʼ ἀγόρευον· §9.410εἰ μὲν δὴ μή τίς σε βιάζεται οἶον ἐόντα, §9.411νοῦσον γʼ οὔ πως ἔστι Διὸς μεγάλου ἀλέασθαι, §9.412ἀλλὰ σύ γʼ εὔχεο πατρὶ Ποσειδάωνι ἄνακτι. §9.413ὣς ἄρʼ ἔφαν ἀπιόντες, ἐμὸν δʼ ἐγέλασσε φίλον κῆρ, §9.414ὡς ὄνομʼ ἐξαπάτησεν ἐμὸν καὶ μῆτις ἀμύμων.
Surely no one is killing you yourself by guile or by force?" Then the mighty Polyphemus spoke to them from the cave: "O my friends, Outis is killing me by guile, and not by force!" And they, answering, spoke winged words: "If indeed no one is doing you violence, since you are alone, there is no way to escape a sickness from great Zeus; but do you pray to your father, lord Poseidon." So they spoke and went away, and my heart laughed, to see how my name and my flawless plan had deceived them.
§9.415Κύκλωψ δὲ στενάχων τε καὶ ὠδίνων ὀδύνῃσι §9.416χερσὶ ψηλαφόων ἀπὸ μὲν λίθον εἷλε θυράων, §9.417αὐτὸς δʼ εἰνὶ θύρῃσι καθέζετο χεῖρε πετάσσας, §9.418εἴ τινά που μετʼ ὄεσσι λάβοι στείχοντα θύραζε· §9.419οὕτω γάρ πού μʼ ἤλπετʼ ἐνὶ φρεσὶ νήπιον εἶναι.
But the Cyclops, groaning and travailing in his anguish, groping with his hands, took away the stone from the doorway, and himself sat down at the doorway, stretching out his hands, if perhaps he might catch anyone going out of the door with the sheep; for he hoped, I suppose, in his heart that I would be so foolish.
§9.420αὐτὰρ ἐγὼ βούλευον, ὅπως ὄχʼ ἄριστα γένοιτο, §9.421εἴ τινʼ ἑταίροισιν θανάτου λύσιν ἠδʼ ἐμοὶ αὐτῷ
But I kept planning how it might go by far the best, if I might find some escape from death for my companions and for myself,

Notes

  1. §9.356ᾧ κε σὺ χαίρῃς — The relative pronoun ᾧ combined with the particle κε (Homeric form of ἄν) and the subjunctive expresses expectation or purpose in a relative clause: 'in which you might/will rejoice.'
  2. §9.362περὶ ... ἤλυθεν — An instance of tmesis, where the prefix περί and the verb ἤλυθεν (from ἔρχομαι) are separated, functionally equivalent to περιῆλθεν ('encompassed' or 'came around'). The accusative φρένας is the object of this verbal expression.
  3. §9.384ὡς ὅτε τις τρυπῷ — The clause is introduced by ὡς ὅτε ('as when') to set up a simile. The verb τρυπῷ is subjunctive (contracted from τρυπάῃ), used without ἄν or κε to denote a general or habitual scenario, a characteristic syntactic feature in Homeric similes.
  4. §9.405ἦ μή τίς — The combination of the interrogative particle ἦ, the negative particle μή, and the indefinite pronoun τίς introduces a question expecting a negative answer ('Surely no one...?'), conveying anxiety or disbelief. Syntactically, this sets up the famous pun, as the neighboring Cyclopes ask 'μή τις' ('lest anyone' / 'surely no one'), echoing both Odysseus's fake name 'Οὖτις' and 'μῆτις' ('cunning/plan').

Cite this passage

Homer, Odyssey §9.355-9.421. Humanitext Reader, https://reader.humanitext.ai/en/text/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0012.tlg002.humanitext-grc2:9.355-9.421

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