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Homer · Iliad §9.642-9.713

Achilles' Final Rejection and the Return of the Embassy

Passage 82 of 226 · Greek

Summary

In response to Ajax, Achilles expresses his unyielding rage against Agamemnon and rejects the embassy's proposal. The envoys return to report to Agamemnon, and Diomedes encourages the disheartened Achaeans to prepare for battle the next day.

§9.642κήδιστοί τʼ ἔμεναι καὶ φίλτατοι ὅσσοι Ἀχαιοί. §9.643τὸν δʼ ἀπαμειβόμενος προσέφη πόδας ὠκὺς Ἀχιλλεύς· §9.644Αἶαν διογενὲς Τελαμώνιε κοίρανε λαῶν §9.645πάντά τί μοι κατὰ θυμὸν ἐείσαο μυθήσασθαι· §9.646ἀλλά μοι οἰδάνεται κραδίη χόλῳ ὁππότε κείνων §9.647μνήσομαι ὥς μʼ ἀσύφηλον ἐν Ἀργείοισιν ἔρεξεν §9.648Ἀτρεΐδης ὡς εἴ τινʼ ἀτίμητον μετανάστην.
to be the closest and dearest to you of all the Achaeans." And in answer to him spoke swift-footed Achilles: "Ajax, Zeus-born son of Telamon, lord of the people, you seem to have spoken all this closely after my own heart; but my heart swells with wrath whenever I think of those things, how the son of Atreus treated me with contempt among the Argives, as though I were some dishonored vagabond.
§9.649ἀλλʼ ὑμεῖς ἔρχεσθε καὶ ἀγγελίην ἀπόφασθε· §9.650οὐ γὰρ πρὶν πολέμοιο μεδήσομαι αἱματόεντος §9.651πρίν γʼ υἱὸν Πριάμοιο δαΐφρονος Ἕκτορα δῖον §9.652Μυρμιδόνων ἐπί τε κλισίας καὶ νῆας ἱκέσθαι §9.653κτείνοντʼ Ἀργείους, κατά τε σμῦξαι πυρὶ νῆας.
But do you go and report my message: for I will not think of bloody war until noble Hector, the son of wise Priam, shall come to the huts and ships of the Myrmidons, slaying the Argives, and burning the ships with fire.
§9.654ἀμφὶ δέ τοι τῇ ἐμῇ κλισίῃ καὶ νηῒ μελαίνῃ §9.655Ἕκτορα καὶ μεμαῶτα μάχης σχήσεσθαι ὀΐω. §9.656ὣς ἔφαθʼ, οἳ δὲ ἕκαστος ἑλὼν δέπας ἀμφικύπελλον §9.657σπείσαντες παρὰ νῆας ἴσαν πάλιν· ἦρχε δʼ Ὀδυσσεύς.
But about my own hut and black ship I think that Hector, eager though he be for battle, will be stayed." So he spoke, and they each took a two-handled cup, and having poured libations they went back along the ships; and Odysseus led the way.
§9.658Πάτροκλος δʼ ἑτάροισιν ἰδὲ δμωῇσι κέλευσε §9.659Φοίνικι στορέσαι πυκινὸν λέχος ὅττι τάχιστα.
But Patroclus bade his companions and handmaids to strew a thick bed for Phoenix with all speed.
§9.660αἳ δʼ ἐπιπειθόμεναι στόρεσαν λέχος ὡς ἐκέλευσε §9.661κώεά τε ῥῆγός τε λίνοιό τε λεπτὸν ἄωτον.
And they, obeying, strewed the bed as he bade, with fleeces, and a rug, and fine-spun linen.
§9.662ἔνθʼ ὃ γέρων κατέλεκτο καὶ ἠῶ δῖαν ἔμιμνεν.
There the old man lay down, and awaited the bright dawn.
§9.663αὐτὰρ Ἀχιλλεὺς εὗδε μυχῷ κλισίης εὐπήκτου· §9.664τῷ δʼ ἄρα παρκατέλεκτο γυνή, τὴν Λεσβόθεν ἦγε, §9.665Φόρβαντος θυγάτηρ Διομήδη καλλιπάρῃος.
But Achilles slept in the innermost part of the well-built hut; and by his side lay a woman whom he had brought from Lesbos, the daughter of Phorbas, fair-cheeked Diomede.
§9.666Πάτροκλος δʼ ἑτέρωθεν ἐλέξατο· πὰρ δʼ ἄρα καὶ τῷ §9.667Ἶφις ἐΰζωνος, τήν οἱ πόρε δῖος Ἀχιλλεὺς §9.668Σκῦρον ἑλὼν αἰπεῖαν Ἐνυῆος πτολίεθρον.
And Patroclus lay down on the other side, and by him also lay fair-girdled Iphis, whom noble Achilles had given him when he took steep Scyros, the city of Enyeus.
§9.669οἳ δʼ ὅτε δὴ κλισίῃσιν ἐν Ἀτρεΐδαο γένοντο. §9.670τοὺς μὲν ἄρα χρυσέοισι κυπέλλοις υἷες Ἀχαιῶν §9.671δειδέχατʼ ἄλλοθεν ἄλλος ἀνασταδόν, ἔκ τʼ ἐρέοντο·
Now when they were come to the huts of the son of Atreus, the sons of the Achaeans with golden cups welcomed them from this side and that, standing up, and questioned them.
§9.672πρῶτος δʼ ἐξερέεινεν ἄναξ ἀνδρῶν Ἀγαμέμνων· §9.673εἴπʼ ἄγε μʼ ὦ πολύαινʼ Ὀδυσεῦ μέγα κῦδος Ἀχαιῶν §9.674ἤ ῥʼ ἐθέλει νήεσσιν ἀλεξέμεναι δήϊον πῦρ, §9.675ἦ ἀπέειπε, χόλος δʼ ἔτʼ ἔχει μεγαλήτορα θυμόν; §9.676τὸν δʼ αὖτε προσέειπε πολύτλας δῖος Ὀδυσσεύς· §9.677Ἀτρεΐδη κύδιστε ἄναξ ἀνδρῶν Ἀγάμεμνον §9.678κεῖνός γʼ οὐκ ἐθέλει σβέσσαι χόλον, ἀλλʼ ἔτι μᾶλλον §9.679πιμπλάνεται μένεος, σὲ δʼ ἀναίνεται ἠδὲ σὰ δῶρα.
And first the king of men, Agamemnon, questioned them: "Tell me, come, Odysseus, much praised, great glory of the Achaeans, is he willing to ward off consuming fire from the ships, or has he refused, and does wrath still hold his proud spirit?" And in turn much-enduring noble Odysseus spoke to him: "Most glorious son of Atreus, Agamemnon, king of men, he is not minded to quench his wrath, but is even more filled with anger, and rejects you and your gifts.
§9.680αὐτόν σε φράζεσθαι ἐν Ἀργείοισιν ἄνωγεν §9.681ὅππως κεν νῆάς τε σαῷς καὶ λαὸν Ἀχαιῶν· §9.682αὐτὸς δʼ ἠπείλησεν ἅμʼ ἠοῖ φαινομένηφι §9.683νῆας ἐϋσσέλμους ἅλαδʼ ἑλκέμεν ἀμφιελίσσας.
He bids you yourself take counsel among the Argives how you may save the ships and the host of the Achaeans; but for himself he threatened that with the appearing of dawn he will drag his well-benched curved ships down to the salt sea.
§9.684καὶ δʼ ἂν τοῖς ἄλλοισιν ἔφη παραμυθήσασθαι §9.685οἴκαδʼ ἀποπλείειν, ἐπεὶ οὐκέτι δήετε τέκμωρ §9.686Ἰλίου αἰπεινῆς· μάλα γάρ ἑθεν εὐρύοπα Ζεὺς §9.687χεῖρα ἑὴν ὑπερέσχε, τεθαρσήκασι δὲ λαοί.
And he said that he would advise the others also to sail back home, since you shall no longer find the end of steep Ilios; for far-seeing Zeus has held his hand over her, and the people have taken courage.
§9.688ὣς ἔφατʼ· εἰσὶ καὶ οἵδε τάδʼ εἰπέμεν, οἵ μοι ἕποντο, §9.689Αἴας καὶ κήρυκε δύω πεπνυμένω ἄμφω.
So he spoke; and these too are here to tell it, who followed me, Ajax and the two heralds, both men of understanding.
§9.690Φοῖνιξ δʼ αὖθʼ ὃ γέρων κατελέξατο, ὡς γὰρ ἀνώγει, §9.691ὄφρά οἱ ἐν νήεσσι φίλην ἐς πατρίδʼ ἕπηται §9.692αὔριον, ἢν ἐθέλῃσιν· ἀνάγκῃ δʼ οὔ τί μιν ἄξει. §9.693ὣς ἔφαθʼ, οἳ δʼ ἄρα πάντες ἀκὴν ἐγένοντο σιωπῇ §9.694μῦθον ἀγασσάμενοι· μάλα γὰρ κρατερῶς ἀγόρευσε.
But the old man Phoenix lay down there to sleep, for so Achilles bade, so that he might follow him on the ships to his dear fatherland tomorrow, if he wills; but by constraint he will not take him." So he spoke, and they all became hushed in silence, marveling at his words; for he had spoken very strongly.
§9.695δὴν δʼ ἄνεῳ ἦσαν τετιηότες υἷες Ἀχαιῶν· §9.696ὀψὲ δὲ δὴ μετέειπε βοὴν ἀγαθὸς Διομήδης· §9.697Ἀτρεΐδη κύδιστε ἄναξ ἀνδρῶν Ἀγάμεμνον §9.698μὴ ὄφελες λίσσεσθαι ἀμύμονα Πηλεΐωνα §9.699μυρία δῶρα διδούς· ὃ δʼ ἀγήνωρ ἐστὶ καὶ ἄλλως· §9.700νῦν αὖ μιν πολὺ μᾶλλον ἀγηνορίῃσιν ἐνῆκας.
For a long time the sons of the Achaeans were silent in their grief; but at last there spoke Diomedes, good at the war-cry: "Most glorious son of Atreus, Agamemnon, king of men, I would you had never entreated the peerless son of Peleus, offering countless gifts; he is proud enough even without them; and now you have urged him on to yet greater pride.
§9.701ἀλλʼ ἤτοι κεῖνον μὲν ἐάσομεν ἤ κεν ἴῃσιν §9.702ἦ κε μένῃ· τότε δʼ αὖτε μαχήσεται ὁππότε κέν μιν §9.703θυμὸς ἐνὶ στήθεσσιν ἀνώγῃ καὶ θεὸς ὄρσῃ.
But indeed, let us leave him be, whether he go or whether he stay; and he will fight again at that time when the heart in his breast bids him, and a god rouses him.
§9.704ἀλλʼ ἄγεθʼ ὡς ἂν ἐγὼ εἴπω πειθώμεθα πάντες· §9.705νῦν μὲν κοιμήσασθε τεταρπόμενοι φίλον ἦτορ §9.706σίτου καὶ οἴνοιο· τὸ γὰρ μένος ἐστὶ καὶ ἀλκή· §9.707αὐτὰρ ἐπεί κε φανῇ καλὴ ῥοδοδάκτυλος Ἠώς, §9.708καρπαλίμως πρὸ νεῶν ἐχέμεν λαόν τε καὶ ἵππους §9.709ὀτρύνων, καὶ δʼ αὐτὸς ἐνὶ πρώτοισι μάχεσθαι. §9.710ὣς ἔφαθʼ, οἳ δʼ ἄρα πάντες ἐπῄνησαν βασιλῆες §9.711μῦθον ἀγασσάμενοι Διομήδεος ἱπποδάμοιο.
But come, even as I shall say, let us all obey: for now go to your rest, having satisfied your hearts with food and wine; for therein is strength and courage; but when fair rosy-fingered Dawn appears, do you straightway marshal before the ships the folk and the horses, urging them on, and do you yourself fight in the forefront." So he spoke, and they all praised his words, even the kings, marveling at the words of Diomedes, tamer of horses.
§9.712καὶ τότε δὴ σπείσαντες ἔβαν κλισίην δὲ ἕκαστος, §9.713ἔνθα δὲ κοιμήσαντο καὶ ὕπνου δῶρον ἕλοντο.
And having poured libations they went each to his own hut, and there they lay down and took the gift of sleep.

Notes

  1. §9.645πάντά τί μοι κατὰ θυμὸν ἐείσαο μυθήσασθαι — ἐείσαο is the 2nd person singular aorist middle of εἴδομαι ('to seem', 'to appear'). Together with the infinitive μυθήσασθαι ('to speak'), it means 'you seem to me to have spoken all this'. κατὰ θυμόν ('according to the heart') is interpreted as 'according to my (μοι) heart'.
  2. §9.646ὁππότε κείνων / μνήσομαι ὥς μʼ ἀσύφηλον... ἔρεξεν — μνήσομαι is the future of μιμνήσκομαι ('to remember', 'to recall'), taking the genitive κείνων ('those things') as its object. The subsequent ὥς clause ('how...') acts as an appositional subordinate clause specifying the content of κείνων: 'whenever I recall those things, namely how he treated me...'
  3. §9.684καὶ δʼ ἂν τοῖς ἄλλοισιν ἔφη παραμυθήσασθαι — This is a construction of ἂν with the infinitive (παραμυθήσασθαι) in indirect discourse. It corresponds to ἂν with the optative in direct discourse (expressing a potential or conditional result: 'I would advise...'), converted into an infinitive depending on the main verb of speaking ἔφη.
  4. §9.698μὴ ὄφελες λίσσεσθαι — The second-person singular second aorist form ὄφελες (from ὀφείλω) combined with the negative particle μή and the infinitive (λίσσεσθαι) is an idiomatic construction expressing an unfulfilled wish or regret concerning the past ('you ought not to have entreated...').

Cite this passage

Homer, Iliad §9.642-9.713. Humanitext Reader, https://reader.humanitext.ai/en/text/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0012.tlg001.humanitext-grc2:9.642-9.713

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