Humanitext Reader

Homer · Iliad §10.1-10.74

The Sleepless Night of Agamemnon and Menelaus

Passage 83 of 226 · Greek

Summary

While the Achaean leaders sleep, Agamemnon and Menelaus remain awake out of anxiety, meet to discuss their plight, and plan to summon Nestor and other elders for a council.

§10.1ἄλλοι μὲν παρὰ νηυσὶν ἀριστῆες Παναχαιῶν §10.2εὗδον παννύχιοι μαλακῷ δεδμημένοι ὕπνῳ· §10.3ἀλλʼ οὐκ Ἀτρεΐδην Ἀγαμέμνονα ποιμένα λαῶν §10.4ὕπνος ἔχε γλυκερὸς πολλὰ φρεσὶν ὁρμαίνοντα.
Now the other chieftains of the Panachaeans by the ships slept all night long, overcome by soft sleep; but Agamemnon, son of Atreus, shepherd of the people, sweet sleep did not hold, as he pondered many things in his mind.
§10.5ὡς δʼ ὅτʼ ἂν ἀστράπτῃ πόσις Ἥρης ἠϋκόμοιο §10.6τεύχων ἢ πολὺν ὄμβρον ἀθέσφατον ἠὲ χάλαζαν §10.7ἢ νιφετόν, ὅτε πέρ τε χιὼν ἐπάλυνεν ἀρούρας, §10.8ἠέ ποθι πτολέμοιο μέγα στόμα πευκεδανοῖο, §10.9ὣς πυκίνʼ ἐν στήθεσσιν ἀνεστενάχιζʼ Ἀγαμέμνων §10.10νειόθεν ἐκ κραδίης, τρομέοντο δέ οἱ φρένες ἐντός.
And as when the husband of fair-haired Hera flashes his lightning, devising either unspeakable heavy rain or hail or snow, when the snowflake sprinkles the fields, or somewhere the great mouth of bitter war, even so thick and fast did Agamemnon groan from the depths of his breast from the bottom of his heart, and his spirit trembled within him.
§10.11ἤτοι ὅτʼ ἐς πεδίον τὸ Τρωϊκὸν ἀθρήσειε, §10.12θαύμαζεν πυρὰ πολλὰ τὰ καίετο Ἰλιόθι πρὸ §10.13αὐλῶν συρίγγων τʼ ἐνοπὴν ὅμαδόν τʼ ἀνθρώπων.
Indeed, whenever he looked toward the Trojan plain, he marveled at the many fires that were burning before Ilios, and at the sound of flutes and pipes, and the din of men.
§10.14αὐτὰρ ὅτʼ ἐς νῆάς τε ἴδοι καὶ λαὸν Ἀχαιῶν, §10.15πολλὰς ἐκ κεφαλῆς προθελύμνους ἕλκετο χαίτας §10.16ὑψόθʼ ἐόντι Διί, μέγα δʼ ἔστενε κυδάλιμον κῆρ.
But whenever he looked toward the ships and the host of the Achaeans, he would tear many hairs from his head by the roots, offering them to Zeus who is on high, and his glorious heart groaned aloud.
§10.17ἥδε δέ οἱ κατὰ θυμὸν ἀρίστη φαίνετο βουλὴ §10.18Νέστορʼ ἔπι πρῶτον Νηλήϊον ἐλθέμεν ἀνδρῶν, §10.19εἴ τινά οἱ σὺν μῆτιν ἀμύμονα τεκτήναιτο, §10.20ἥ τις ἀλεξίκακος πᾶσιν Δαναοῖσι γένοιτο.
And this seemed to his mind to be the best counsel, to go first to Nestor, son of Neleus, among men, if with him he might devise some peerless plan which might be a warder-off of evil for all the Danaans.
§10.21ὀρθωθεὶς δʼ ἔνδυνε περὶ στήθεσσι χιτῶνα, §10.22ποσσὶ δʼ ὑπὸ λιπαροῖσιν ἐδήσατο καλὰ πέδιλα, §10.23ἀμφὶ δʼ ἔπειτα δαφοινὸν ἑέσσατο δέρμα λέοντος §10.24αἴθωνος μεγάλοιο ποδηνεκές, εἵλετο δʼ ἔγχος.
He rose up and put the tunic about his breast, and bound his fair sandals beneath his shining feet, and thereafter clothed himself in the tawny skin of a lion, fiery and great, reaching to his feet, and he took his spear.
§10.25ὣς δʼ αὔτως Μενέλαον ἔχε τρόμος· οὐδὲ γὰρ αὐτῷ §10.26ὕπνος ἐπὶ βλεφάροισιν ἐφίζανε· μή τι πάθοιεν §10.27Ἀργεῖοι, τοὶ δὴ ἕθεν εἵνεκα πουλὺν ἐφʼ ὑγρὴν §10.28ἤλυθον ἐς Τροίην πόλεμον θρασὺν ὁρμαίνοντες.
Even so did trembling hold Menelaus; for neither on his eyelids did sleep settle, lest some harm should befall the Argives, who for his sake had come to Troy over the wide waters, planning bold war.
§10.29παρδαλέῃ μὲν πρῶτα μετάφρενον εὐρὺ κάλυψε §10.30ποικίλῃ, αὐτὰρ ἐπὶ στεφάνην κεφαλῆφιν ἀείρας §10.31θήκατο χαλκείην, δόρυ δʼ εἵλετο χειρὶ παχείῃ.
First he covered his broad back with a leopard's skin, variegated, and then lifting a helmet of bronze he placed it upon his head, and took a spear in his stout hand.
§10.32βῆ δʼ ἴμεν ἀνστήσων ὃν ἀδελφεόν, ὃς μέγα πάντων §10.33Ἀργείων ἤνασσε, θεὸς δʼ ὣς τίετο δήμῳ.
And he went to rouse his brother, who ruled mightily over all the Argives, and was honored by the people as a god.
§10.34τὸν δʼ εὗρʼ ἀμφʼ ὤμοισι τιθήμενον ἔντεα καλὰ §10.35νηῒ πάρα πρύμνῃ· τῷ δʼ ἀσπάσιος γένετʼ ἐλθών.
He found him putting his fair armor about his shoulders by the stern of his ship; and welcome to him was his brother's coming.
§10.36τὸν πρότερος προσέειπε βοὴν ἀγαθὸς Μενέλαος· §10.37τίφθʼ οὕτως ἠθεῖε κορύσσεαι;
To him Menelaus, good at the war-cry, spoke first: "Why are you arming thus, my honored brother?
ἦ τινʼ ἑταίρων §10.38ὀτρυνέεις Τρώεσσιν ἐπίσκοπον;
Is it that you would urge some companion to be a spy upon the Trojans?
ἀλλὰ μάλʼ αἰνῶς §10.39δείδω μὴ οὔ τίς τοι ὑπόσχηται τόδε ἔργον §10.40ἄνδρας δυσμενέας σκοπιαζέμεν οἶος ἐπελθὼν §10.41νύκτα διʼ ἀμβροσίην· μάλα τις θρασυκάρδιος ἔσται. §10.42τὸν δʼ ἀπαμειβόμενος προσέφη κρείων Ἀγαμέμνων· §10.43χρεὼ βουλῆς ἐμὲ καὶ σὲ διοτρεφὲς ὦ Μενέλαε §10.44κερδαλέης, ἥ τίς κεν ἐρύσσεται ἠδὲ σαώσει §10.45Ἀργείους καὶ νῆας, ἐπεὶ Διὸς ἐτράπετο φρήν.
Yet terribly do I fear lest no one will promise you this deed, to go all alone and spy upon hostile men through the ambrosial night; very stout-hearted must that man be." And in answer to him spoke lord Agamemnon: "Need of counsel have I and you, Menelaus, reared of Zeus— of a cunning counsel that shall protect and save the Argives and the ships, since the mind of Zeus is turned.
§10.46Ἑκτορέοις ἄρα μᾶλλον ἐπὶ φρένα θῆχʼ ἱεροῖσιν· §10.47οὐ γάρ πω ἰδόμην, οὐδʼ ἔκλυον αὐδήσαντος §10.48ἄνδρʼ ἕνα τοσσάδε μέρμερʼ ἐπʼ ἤματι μητίσασθαι, §10.49ὅσσʼ Ἕκτωρ ἔρρεξε Διῒ φίλος υἷας Ἀχαιῶν §10.50αὔτως, οὔτε θεᾶς υἱὸς φίλος οὔτε θεοῖο.
On the holy offerings of Hector, it seems, he has rather set his heart; for never yet have I seen, nor heard any man tell, that one man devised so many terrible deeds in a single day as Hector, beloved of Zeus, has wrought upon the sons of the Achaeans, by himself, though he is neither the son of a goddess nor of a god.
§10.51ἔργα δʼ ἔρεξʼ ὅσα φημὶ μελησέμεν Ἀργείοισι §10.52δηθά τε καὶ δολιχόν· τόσα γὰρ κακὰ μήσατʼ Ἀχαιούς.
And he has done deeds that I say will be a sorrow to the Argives long and late; so many evils has he devised against the Achaeans.
§10.53ἀλλʼ ἴθι νῦν Αἴαντα καὶ Ἰδομενῆα κάλεσσον §10.54ῥίμφα θέων παρὰ νῆας· ἐγὼ δʼ ἐπὶ Νέστορα δῖον §10.55εἶμι, καὶ ὀτρυνέω ἀνστήμεναι, αἴ κʼ ἐθέλῃσιν §10.56ἐλθεῖν ἐς φυλάκων ἱερὸν τέλος ἠδʼ ἐπιτεῖλαι.
But go now, call Ajax and Idomeneus, running swiftly along the ships; but I will go to noble Nestor, and urge him to rise, if he will go to the sacred outpost of the guards and give them charge.
§10.57κείνῳ γάρ κε μάλιστα πιθοίατο· τοῖο γὰρ υἱὸς §10.58σημαίνει φυλάκεσσι καὶ Ἰδομενῆος ὀπάων §10.59Μηριόνης· τοῖσιν γὰρ ἐπετράπομέν γε μάλιστα. §10.60τὸν δʼ ἠμείβετʼ ἔπειτα βοὴν ἀγαθὸς Μενέλαος· §10.61πῶς γάρ μοι μύθῳ ἐπιτέλλεαι ἠδὲ κελεύεις;
For to him they would most readily listen, since his son commands the guards, along with Meriones, the squire of Idomeneus; for to them we especially entrusted this charge." And to him in turn Menelaus, good at the war-cry, made answer: "How then do you charge and command me in this word?
§10.62αὖθι μένω μετὰ τοῖσι δεδεγμένος εἰς ὅ κεν ἔλθῃς, §10.63ἦε θέω μετὰ σʼ αὖτις, ἐπὴν εὖ τοῖς ἐπιτείλω; §10.64τὸν δʼ αὖτε προσέειπεν ἄναξ ἀνδρῶν Ἀγαμέμνων, §10.65αὖθι μένειν, μή πως ἀβροτάξομεν ἀλλήλοιιν §10.66ἐρχομένω· πολλαὶ γὰρ ἀνὰ στρατόν εἰσι κέλευθοι.
Shall I remain there with them, waiting until you come, or shall I run back to you again, when I have given them clear charge?" And to him in turn spoke Agamemnon, king of men: "Remain there, lest by any means we miss one another as we go; for there are many paths through the camp.
§10.67φθέγγεο δʼ ᾗ κεν ἴῃσθα καὶ ἐγρήγορθαι ἄνωχθι §10.68πατρόθεν ἐκ γενεῆς ὀνομάζων ἄνδρα ἕκαστον §10.69πάντας κυδαίνων· μηδὲ μεγαλίζεο θυμῷ, §10.70ἀλλὰ καὶ αὐτοί περ πονεώμεθα· ὧδέ που ἄμμι §10.71Ζεὺς ἐπὶ γιγνομένοισιν ἵει κακότητα βαρεῖαν. §10.72ὣς εἰπὼν ἀπέπεμπεν ἀδελφεὸν εὖ ἐπιτείλας· §10.73αὐτὰρ ὃ βῆ ῥʼ ἰέναι μετὰ Νέστορα ποιμένα λαῶν·
And speak aloud wherever you go, and bid them be awake, calling each man by his name, from his father's lineage, giving honor to all; and do not be proud in your heart, but let us ourselves also labor; even so, I suppose, Zeus laid heavy trouble upon us at our birth." So saying he sent his brother away, having given him clear charge; but he himself went after Nestor, shepherd of the people.
§10.74τὸν δʼ εὗρεν παρά τε κλισίῃ καὶ νηῒ μελαίνῃ
And he found him beside his hut and his black ship,

Notes

  1. §10.5ὡς δʼ ὅτʼ ἂν ἀστράπτῃ — A long simile structured with ὡς δʼ ὅτʼ ἂν ... ὣς. The subjunctive ἀστράπτῃ, combined with ἄν, indicates a general or hypothetical condition, emphasizing the irregular recurrence of natural phenomena.
  2. §10.39δείδω μὴ οὐ — The phrase μὴ οὐ following the verb of fearing δείδω expresses a strong apprehension that something might *not* happen ("I fear lest someone may *not* promise"). It is followed by the subjunctive ὑπόσχηται.
  3. §10.65ἀβροτάξομεν — First-person plural aorist subjunctive active. It features the short-vowel (ο) subjunctive characteristic of Epic Greek, standing instead of the standard form ἀβροτάξωμεν.

Cite this passage

Homer, Iliad §10.1-10.74. Humanitext Reader, https://reader.humanitext.ai/en/text/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0012.tlg001.humanitext-grc2:10.1-10.74

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