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Homer · Iliad §5.840-5.909

The Wounding of Ares and Return to Olympus

Passage 49 of 226 · Greek

Summary

With Athena's help, Diomedes wounds Ares, who retreats to Olympus and complains to Zeus, only to be rebuked and healed. Hera and Athena also return to Olympus after stopping the carnage.

§5.840λάζετο δὲ μάστιγα καὶ ἡνία Παλλὰς Ἀθήνη· §5.841αὐτίκʼ ἐπʼ Ἄρηϊ πρώτῳ ἔχε μώνυχας ἵππους.
Pallas Athena took the whip and the reins; straightway she drove the whole-hooved horses against Ares first.
§5.842ἤτοι ὃ μὲν Περίφαντα πελώριον ἐξενάριζεν §5.843Αἰτωλῶν ὄχʼ ἄριστον Ὀχησίου ἀγλαὸν υἱόν·
Indeed he was stripping giant Periphas, by far the best of the Aetolians, the glorious son of Ochesius.
§5.844τὸν μὲν Ἄρης ἐνάριζε μιαιφόνος· αὐτὰρ Ἀθήνη §5.845δῦνʼ Ἄϊδος κυνέην, μή μιν ἴδοι ὄβριμος Ἄρης.
Him blood-stained Ares was stripping; but Athena put on the helmet of Hades, so that mighty Ares would not see her.
§5.846ὡς δὲ ἴδε βροτολοιγὸς Ἄρης Διομήδεα δῖον, §5.847ἤτοι ὃ μὲν Περίφαντα πελώριον αὐτόθʼ ἔασε §5.848κεῖσθαι ὅθι πρῶτον κτείνων ἐξαίνυτο θυμόν, §5.849αὐτὰρ ὃ βῆ ῥʼ ἰθὺς Διομήδεος ἱπποδάμοιο.
But when man-slaying Ares saw noble Diomedes, indeed he left giant Periphas there to lie where he first had slain him and taken away his life, but he went straight against Diomedes, tamer of horses.
§5.850οἳ δʼ ὅτε δὴ σχεδὸν ἦσαν ἐπʼ ἀλλήλοισιν ἰόντες, §5.851πρόσθεν Ἄρης ὠρέξαθʼ ὑπὲρ ζυγὸν ἡνία θʼ ἵππων §5.852ἔγχεϊ χαλκείῳ μεμαὼς ἀπὸ θυμὸν ἑλέσθαι·
And when they were come near, rushing against one another, first Ares reached out over the yoke and the reins of the horses, with his bronze spear, eager to take away his life.
§5.853καὶ τό γε χειρὶ λαβοῦσα θεὰ γλαυκῶπις Ἀθήνη §5.854ὦσεν ὑπὲκ δίφροιο ἐτώσιον ἀϊχθῆναι.
And this the goddess, flashing-eyed Athena, caught in her hand, and pushed it aside from the chariot, to fly in vain.
§5.855δεύτερος αὖθʼ ὡρμᾶτο βοὴν ἀγαθὸς Διομήδης §5.856ἔγχεϊ χαλκείῳ· ἐπέρεισε δὲ Παλλὰς Ἀθήνη §5.857νείατον ἐς κενεῶνα ὅθι ζωννύσκετο μίτρῃ· §5.858τῇ ῥά μιν οὖτα τυχών, διὰ δὲ χρόα καλὸν ἔδαψεν, §5.859ἐκ δὲ δόρυ σπάσεν αὖτις·
Then second rushed Diomedes, good at the war-cry, with his bronze spear; and Pallas Athena drove it home into his lowermost flank, where he was girt with his loin-guard; there she struck and wounded him, tearing his fair skin, and drew the spear out again.
ὃ δʼ ἔβραχε χάλκεος Ἄρης §5.860ὅσσόν τʼ ἐννεάχιλοι ἐπίαχον ἢ δεκάχιλοι §5.861ἀνέρες ἐν πολέμῳ ἔριδα ξυνάγοντες Ἄρηος.
And bronze Ares roared, as loud as nine thousand or ten thousand men shout in battle when they clash in the strife of Ares.
§5.862τοὺς δʼ ἄρʼ ὑπὸ τρόμος εἷλεν Ἀχαιούς τε Τρῶάς τε §5.863δείσαντας· τόσον ἔβραχʼ Ἄρης ἆτος πολέμοιο.
And trembling took both Achaeans and Trojans, seized with fear; so loud roared Ares insatiable of battle.
§5.864οἵη δʼ ἐκ νεφέων ἐρεβεννὴ φαίνεται ἀὴρ §5.865καύματος ἐξ ἀνέμοιο δυσαέος ὀρνυμένοιο, §5.866τοῖος Τυδεΐδῃ Διομήδεϊ χάλκεος Ἄρης §5.867φαίνεθʼ ὁμοῦ νεφέεσσιν ἰὼν εἰς οὐρανὸν εὐρύν.
And as a dark mist appears from the clouds, when a fierce wind arises after heat, even so to Tydeus' son Diomedes did bronze Ares appear, as he went together with the clouds into the broad heaven.
§5.868καρπαλίμως δʼ ἵκανε θεῶν ἕδος αἰπὺν Ὄλυμπον, §5.869πὰρ δὲ Διὶ Κρονίωνι καθέζετο θυμὸν ἀχεύων, §5.870δεῖξεν δʼ ἄμβροτον αἷμα καταρρέον ἐξ ὠτειλῆς, §5.871καί ῥʼ ὀλοφυρόμενος ἔπεα πτερόεντα προσηύδα· §5.872Ζεῦ πάτερ οὐ νεμεσίζῃ ὁρῶν τάδε καρτερὰ ἔργα;
And quickly he came to the steep Olympus, the seat of the gods, and sat down beside Zeus, the son of Cronos, grieving at heart, and showed the immortal blood flowing from the wound, and wailing spoke winged words: “Father Zeus, are you not angered at seeing these violent deeds?
§5.873αἰεί τοι ῥίγιστα θεοὶ τετληότες εἰμὲν §5.874ἀλλήλων ἰότητι, χάριν ἄνδρεσσι φέροντες.
Ever indeed do we gods endure the most terrible things by one another's designs, bringing favor to men.
§5.875σοὶ πάντες μαχόμεσθα· σὺ γὰρ τέκες ἄφρονα κούρην §5.876οὐλομένην, ᾗ τʼ αἰὲν ἀήσυλα ἔργα μέμηλεν.
With you we are all at war; for you begot a mad daughter, pestilent, whose mind is ever set on lawless deeds.
§5.877ἄλλοι μὲν γὰρ πάντες ὅσοι θεοί εἰσʼ ἐν Ὀλύμπῳ §5.878σοί τʼ ἐπιπείθονται καὶ δεδμήμεσθα ἕκαστος·
For all the other gods who are in Olympus obey you, and we are each subject to you.
§5.879ταύτην δʼ οὔτʼ ἔπεϊ προτιβάλλεαι οὔτέ τι ἔργῳ, §5.880ἀλλʼ ἀνιεῖς, ἐπεὶ αὐτὸς ἐγείναο παῖδʼ ἀΐδηλον·
But her you do not curb either by word or by deed, but you let her be, since you yourself begot this ruinous child.
§5.881ἣ νῦν Τυδέος υἱὸν ὑπερφίαλον Διομήδεα §5.882μαργαίνειν ἀνέηκεν ἐπʼ ἀθανάτοισι θεοῖσι.
Who now has egged on Tydeus' son, overweening Diomedes, to rage against the immortal gods.
§5.883Κύπριδα μὲν πρῶτον σχεδὸν οὔτασε χεῖρʼ ἐπὶ καρπῷ, §5.884αὐτὰρ ἔπειτʼ αὐτῷ μοι ἐπέσσυτο δαίμονι ἶσος·
Cypris first he wounded near on the wrist, and then against me myself he rushed like a god.
§5.885ἀλλά μʼ ὑπήνεικαν ταχέες πόδες· ἦ τέ κε δηρὸν §5.886αὐτοῦ πήματʼ ἔπασχον ἐν αἰνῇσιν νεκάδεσσιν, §5.887ἤ κε ζὼς ἀμενηνὸς ἔα χαλκοῖο τυπῇσι. §5.888τὸν δʼ ἄρʼ ὑπόδρα ἰδὼν προσέφη νεφεληγερέτα Ζεύς. §5.889μή τί μοι ἀλλοπρόσαλλε παρεζόμενος μινύριζε.
But my swift feet bore me away; otherwise surely for a long time I would have suffered pain there among the dread heaps of corpses, or lived strengthless by the blows of the bronze.” Looking at him darkly, cloud-gathering Zeus spoke: “Do not sit by me and whine, you double-dealer.
§5.890ἔχθιστος δέ μοί ἐσσι θεῶν οἳ Ὄλυμπον ἔχουσιν· §5.891αἰεὶ γάρ τοι ἔρις τε φίλη πόλεμοί τε μάχαι τε.
Most hateful to me are you of all the gods who hold Olympus; for always strife is dear to you, and wars and battles.
§5.892μητρός τοι μένος ἐστὶν ἀάσχετον οὐκ ἐπιεικτὸν §5.893Ἥρης· τὴν μὲν ἐγὼ σπουδῇ δάμνημʼ ἐπέεσσι·
You have the unbearable, unyielding spirit of your mother, Hera; her I can scarcely tame with words.
§5.894τώ σʼ ὀΐω κείνης τάδε πάσχειν ἐννεσίῃσιν.
Therefore I think you suffer these things by her promptings.
§5.895ἀλλʼ οὐ μάν σʼ ἔτι δηρὸν ἀνέξομαι ἄλγεʼ ἔχοντα· §5.896ἐκ γὰρ ἐμεῦ γένος ἐσσί, ἐμοὶ δέ σε γείνατο μήτηρ·
Yet I will not endure you to suffer pain any longer; for you are my offspring, and to me your mother bore you.
§5.897εἰ δέ τευ ἐξ ἄλλου γε θεῶν γένευ ὧδʼ ἀΐδηλος §5.898καί κεν δὴ πάλαι ἦσθα ἐνέρτερος Οὐρανιώνων. §5.899ὣς φάτο, καὶ Παιήονʼ ἀνώγειν ἰήσασθαι.
But if you had been born of some other god, being so ruinous, long ago you would have been lower than the sons of Uranus.” So he spoke, and bade Paeeon heal him.
§5.900τῷ δʼ ἐπὶ Παιήων ὀδυνήφατα φάρμακα πάσσων §5.901ἠκέσατʼ· οὐ μὲν γάρ τι καταθνητός γʼ ἐτέτυκτο.
And Paeeon, sprinkling pain-assuaging herbs upon him, healed him; for he was not made mortal.
§5.902ὡς δʼ ὅτʼ ὀπὸς γάλα λευκὸν ἐπειγόμενος συνέπηξεν §5.903ὑγρὸν ἐόν, μάλα δʼ ὦκα περιτρέφεται κυκόωντι, §5.904ὣς ἄρα καρπαλίμως ἰήσατο θοῦρον Ἄρηα.
And as when fig-juice quickly curdles white milk, which is liquid, and it thickens very rapidly as one stirs, even so quickly did he heal impetuous Ares.
§5.905τὸν δʼ Ἥβη λοῦσεν, χαρίεντα δὲ εἵματα ἕσσε· §5.906πὰρ δὲ Διὶ Κρονίωνι καθέζετο κύδεϊ γαίων.
And Hebe washed him and clothed him in beautiful garments; and he sat down beside Zeus, the son of Cronos, exulting in his glory.
§5.907αἳ δʼ αὖτις πρὸς δῶμα Διὸς μεγάλοιο νέοντο §5.908Ἥρη τʼ Ἀργείη καὶ Ἀλαλκομενηῒς Ἀθήνη §5.909παύσασαι βροτολοιγὸν Ἄρηʼ ἀνδροκτασιάων.
And the others went back to the palace of great Zeus, Hera of Argos and Athena of Alalcomenae, having stayed man-slaying Ares from his slaughter of men.

Notes

  1. 5.845μή μιν ἴδοι ὄβριμος Ἄρης — A purpose clause introduced by the conjunction μή ("lest" or "so that not"). Since it follows the historical past-tense verb δῦνε in the main clause, the optative mood ἴδοι is used instead of the subjunctive. The pronoun μιν is the third-person accusative pronoun referring to Athena herself.
  2. 5.854ἐτώσιον ἀϊχθῆναι — The neuter accusative singular ἐτώσιον of the adjective ἐτώσιος is used adverbially to mean "in vain." The aorist passive infinitive ἀϊχθῆναι ("to rush, fly") functions as an infinitive of result or purpose, completing the action of the verb ὦσεν.
  3. 5.858τῇ ῥά μιν οὖτα τυχών — The active aorist participle τυχών (from τυγχάνω) is used in a semantically circumstantial sense meaning "hitting the mark" or "unerringly." It closely qualifies the action of the main verb οὖτα ("wounded") to emphasize the precision of the strike. μιν is the accusative pronoun referring to Ares.
  4. 5.885ἦ τέ κε δηρὸν / αὐτοῦ πήματʼ ἔπασχον ... ἤ κε ζὼς ἀμενηνὸς ἔα — A past counterfactual apodosis using the past indicative verbs (ἔπασχον and ἔα, the first-person singular imperfect of εἰμί) with the modal particle κε. The protasis ("if my swift feet had not saved me") is implied. The imperfect tense expresses a continuous state in past time: "I would have been suffering pain for a long time... or would be living strengthless."
  5. 5.903κυκόωντι — The masculine dative singular present active participle of κυκάω ("to stir, mix"). It functions as a dative of interest or relation ("for/to the one who stirs"). In this simile, it elegantly expresses the rapid reaction relative to the agent: "very quickly for one who stirs it."

Cite this passage

Homer, Iliad §5.840-5.909. Humanitext Reader, https://reader.humanitext.ai/en/text/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0012.tlg001.humanitext-grc2:5.840-5.909

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