Humanitext Reader

Homer · Iliad §5.768-5.839

Descent of Athena and Mounting Diomedes' Chariot

Passage 48 of 226 · Greek

Summary

Hera and Athena descend to Troy to aid the struggling Greeks. Athena encourages Diomedes and personally mounts his chariot to join him in confronting Ares.

§5.768μάστιξεν δʼ ἵππους· τὼ δʼ οὐκ ἀέκοντε πετέσθην
She lashed the horses, and they not unwillingly flew between the earth and the starry heaven.
§5.769μεσσηγὺς γαίης τε καὶ οὐρανοῦ ἀστερόεντος. §5.770ὅσσον δʼ ἠεροειδὲς ἀνὴρ ἴδεν ὀφθαλμοῖσιν §5.771ἥμενος ἐν σκοπιῇ, λεύσσων ἐπὶ οἴνοπα πόντον, §5.772τόσσον ἐπιθρῴσκουσι θεῶν ὑψηχέες ἵπποι.
And as far as a man sees with his eyes into the hazy distance, sitting upon a lookout and gazing over the wine-dark sea, so far do the high-neighing horses of the gods leap.
§5.773ἀλλʼ ὅτε δὴ Τροίην ἷξον ποταμώ τε ῥέοντε, §5.774ἧχι ῥοὰς Σιμόεις συμβάλλετον ἠδὲ Σκάμανδρος, §5.775ἔνθʼ ἵππους ἔστησε θεὰ λευκώλενος Ἥρη §5.776λύσασʼ ἐξ ὀχέων, περὶ δʼ ἠέρα πουλὺν ἔχευε· §5.777τοῖσιν δʼ ἀμβροσίην Σιμόεις ἀνέτειλε νέμεσθαι.
But when they were come to Troy and the two flowing rivers, where Simois and Scamander join their streams, there the white-armed goddess Hera stayed her horses, loosing them from the chariot, and shed a thick mist around them; and Simois made ambrosia spring up for them to graze.
§5.778αἳ δὲ βάτην τρήρωσι πελειάσιν ἴθμαθʼ ὁμοῖαι §5.779ἀνδράσιν Ἀργείοισιν ἀλεξέμεναι μεμαυῖαι·
And the two went, in their steps like timid doves, eager to bring aid to the Argive men.
§5.780ἀλλʼ ὅτε δή ῥʼ ἵκανον ὅθι πλεῖστοι καὶ ἄριστοι §5.781ἕστασαν ἀμφὶ βίην Διομήδεος ἱπποδάμοιο §5.782εἰλόμενοι λείουσιν ἐοικότες ὠμοφάγοισιν §5.783ἢ συσὶ κάπροισιν, τῶν τε σθένος οὐκ ἀλαπαδνόν, §5.784ἔνθα στᾶσʼ ἤϋσε θεὰ λευκώλενος Ἥρη §5.785Στέντορι εἰσαμένη μεγαλήτορι χαλκεοφώνῳ, §5.786ὃς τόσον αὐδήσασχʼ ὅσον ἄλλοι πεντήκοντα· §5.787αἰδὼς Ἀργεῖοι κάκʼ ἐλέγχεα εἶδος ἀγητοί·
But when they were come to where the most and the bravest stood thronged about the might of Diomedes, tamer of horses, like raw-eating lions or wild boars, whose strength is not easily weakened, there standing the white-armed goddess Hera shouted, likening herself to great-hearted Stentor of the bronze voice, who would shout as loud as fifty other men: “Shame, Argives, base reproaches, admirable in form alone!
§5.788ὄφρα μὲν ἐς πόλεμον πωλέσκετο δῖος Ἀχιλλεύς, §5.789οὐδέ ποτε Τρῶες πρὸ πυλάων Δαρδανιάων §5.790οἴχνεσκον· κείνου γὰρ ἐδείδισαν ὄβριμον ἔγχος· §5.791νῦν δὲ ἑκὰς πόλιος κοίλῃς ἐπὶ νηυσὶ μάχονται. §5.792ὣς εἰποῦσʼ ὄτρυνε μένος καὶ θυμὸν ἑκάστου.
As long indeed as noble Achilles went out to war, never did the Trojans venture before the Dardanian gates; for they dreaded his mighty spear; but now far from the city they fight at the hollow ships.” So saying she stirred the strength and spirit of each one.
§5.793Τυδεΐδῃ δʼ ἐπόρουσε θεὰ γλαυκῶπις Ἀθήνη· §5.794εὗρε δὲ τόν γε ἄνακτα παρʼ ἵπποισιν καὶ ὄχεσφιν §5.795ἕλκος ἀναψύχοντα τό μιν βάλε Πάνδαρος ἰῷ.
And the goddess, flashing-eyed Athena, rushed to the side of Tydeus' son; and she found that king by his horses and chariot, cooling the wound which Pandarus had dealt him with an arrow.
§5.796ἱδρὼς γάρ μιν ἔτειρεν ὑπὸ πλατέος τελαμῶνος §5.797ἀσπίδος εὐκύκλου· τῷ τείρετο, κάμνε δὲ χεῖρα, §5.798ἂν δʼ ἴσχων τελαμῶνα κελαινεφὲς αἷμʼ ἀπομόργνυ.
For sweat vexed him beneath the broad strap of his round shield; with this he was vexed, and his arm was weary; so he lifted up the strap and wiped away the dark blood.
§5.799ἱππείου δὲ θεὰ ζυγοῦ ἥψατο φώνησέν τε· §5.800ἦ ὀλίγον οἷ παῖδα ἐοικότα γείνατο Τυδεύς.
And the goddess touched the yoke of the horses and spoke, saying: “Surely Tydeus begot a son little like himself.
§5.801Τυδεύς τοι μικρὸς μὲν ἔην δέμας, ἀλλὰ μαχητής· §5.802καί ῥʼ ὅτε πέρ μιν ἐγὼ πολεμίζειν οὐκ εἴασκον §5.803οὐδʼ ἐκπαιφάσσειν, ὅτε τʼ ἤλυθε νόσφιν Ἀχαιῶν §5.804ἄγγελος ἐς Θήβας πολέας μετὰ Καδμείωνας· §5.805δαίνυσθαί μιν ἄνωγον ἐνὶ μεγάροισιν ἕκηλον· §5.806αὐτὰρ ὃ θυμὸν ἔχων ὃν καρτερὸν ὡς τὸ πάρος περ §5.807κούρους Καδμείων προκαλίζετο, πάντα δʼ ἐνίκα §5.808ῥηϊδίως· τοίη οἱ ἐγὼν ἐπιτάρροθος ἦα.
Tydeus indeed was small in stature, but a fighter; and even when I would not permit him to fight or to make a show of strength, when he came as an envoy, far from the Achaeans, to Thebes among the many Cadmeians, but bade him feast quietly in the halls; yet he, keeping his strong spirit as of old, challenged the youths of the Cadmeians, and easily vanquished them in all things; so great a helper was I to him.
§5.809σοὶ δʼ ἤτοι μὲν ἐγὼ παρά θʼ ἵσταμαι ἠδὲ φυλάσσω, §5.810καί σε προφρονέως κέλομαι Τρώεσσι μάχεσθαι· §5.811ἀλλά σευ ἢ κάματος πολυᾶϊξ γυῖα δέδυκεν §5.812ἤ νύ σέ που δέος ἴσχει ἀκήριον· οὐ σύ γʼ ἔπειτα §5.813Τυδέος ἔκγονός ἐσσι δαΐφρονος Οἰνεΐδαο. §5.814τὴν δʼ ἀπαμειβόμενος προσέφη κρατερὸς Διομήδης· §5.815γιγνώσκω σε θεὰ θύγατερ Διὸς αἰγιόχοιο· §5.816τώ τοι προφρονέως ἐρέω ἔπος οὐδʼ ἐπικεύσω.
But as for you, though I stand by you and guard you, and bid you eagerly fight against the Trojans, yet either weariness from your swift charge has entered your limbs, or else some spiritless fear holds you; if so, you are no offspring of Tydeus, the wise-hearted son of Oeneus.” In answer to her spoke mighty Diomedes: “I know you, goddess, daughter of aegis-bearing Zeus; therefore will I eagerly speak my word to you and hide it not.
§5.817οὔτέ τί με δέος ἴσχει ἀκήριον οὔτέ τις ὄκνος, §5.818ἀλλʼ ἔτι σέων μέμνημαι ἐφετμέων ἃς ἐπέτειλας· §5.819οὔ μʼ εἴας μακάρεσσι θεοῖς ἀντικρὺ μάχεσθαι §5.820τοῖς ἄλλοις· ἀτὰρ εἴ κε Διὸς θυγάτηρ Ἀφροδίτη §5.821ἔλθῃσʼ ἐς πόλεμον, τήν γʼ οὐτάμεν ὀξέϊ χαλκῷ.
Neither does any spiritless fear hold me nor any hesitation, but I am still mindful of your command which you laid upon me: you would not allow me to fight face to face with the other blessed gods, but if Zeus' daughter Aphrodite should come into the battle, her I was to wound with the sharp bronze.
§5.822τοὔνεκα νῦν αὐτός τʼ ἀναχάζομαι ἠδὲ καὶ ἄλλους §5.823Ἀργείους ἐκέλευσα ἀλήμεναι ἐνθάδε πάντας· §5.824γιγνώσκω γὰρ Ἄρηα μάχην ἀνὰ κοιρανέοντα. §5.825τὸν δʼ ἠμείβετʼ ἔπειτα θεὰ γλαυκῶπις Ἀθήνη· §5.826Τυδεΐδη Διόμηδες ἐμῷ κεχαρισμένε θυμῷ §5.827μήτε σύ γʼ Ἄρηα τό γε δείδιθι μήτε τινʼ ἄλλον §5.828ἀθανάτων, τοίη τοι ἐγὼν ἐπιτάρροθός εἰμι·
Therefore now I myself give ground, and have bidden all the other Argives to gather here; for I discern Ares lording it over the battle.” Then made answer to him the goddess, flashing-eyed Athena: “Diomedes, son of Tydeus, dear to my heart, fear you not Ares for this, nor any other of the immortals; so great a helper am I to you.
§5.829ἀλλʼ ἄγʼ ἐπʼ Ἄρηϊ πρώτῳ ἔχε μώνυχας ἵππους, §5.830τύψον δὲ σχεδίην μηδʼ ἅζεο θοῦρον Ἄρηα §5.831τοῦτον μαινόμενον, τυκτὸν κακόν, ἀλλοπρόσαλλον, §5.832ὃς πρῴην μὲν ἐμοί τε καὶ Ἥρῃ στεῦτʼ ἀγορεύων §5.833Τρωσὶ μαχήσεσθαι, ἀτὰρ Ἀργείοισιν ἀρήξειν, §5.834νῦν δὲ μετὰ Τρώεσσιν ὁμιλεῖ, τῶν δὲ λέλασται. §5.835ὣς φαμένη Σθένελον μὲν ἀφʼ ἵππων ὦσε χαμᾶζε, §5.836χειρὶ πάλιν ἐρύσασʼ, ὃ δʼ ἄρʼ ἐμμαπέως ἀπόρουσεν·
But come, against Ares first direct your whole-hooved horses, and strike him hand-to-hand, and stand not in awe of furious Ares, this madman, a wrought evil, a double-dealer, who but lately made promise to me and Hera, saying that he would fight against the Trojans but aid the Argives, yet now he associates with the Trojans and has forgotten his promise.” So saying, she pushed Sthenelus from the chariot to the ground, drawing him back with her hand, and he straightway leaped down.
§5.837ἣ δʼ ἐς δίφρον ἔβαινε παραὶ Διομήδεα δῖον §5.838ἐμμεμαυῖα θεά· μέγα δʼ ἔβραχε φήγινος ἄξων §5.839βριθοσύνῃ· δεινὴν γὰρ ἄγεν θεὸν ἄνδρά τʼ ἄριστον.
And she stepped into the chariot beside noble Diomedes, the goddess eager for battle; and the oaken axle groaned aloud by reason of the weight, for it bore a dread goddess and a peerless man.

Notes

  1. 5.770ὅσσον — The correlated ὅσσον... τόσσον... compares the distance of a single leap of the horses to the distance a man can scan from a lookout. ἠεροειδές is a neuter singular accusative acting as the direct object of ἴδεν, meaning 'hazy distance.'
  2. 5.778ἴθμαθʼ ὁμοῖαι — ἴθμαθʼ (ἴθματα, 'steps') is an accusative of respect (specification) limiting the adjective ὁμοῖαι ('like'). The dative πελειάσιν is governed by ὁμοῖαι, meaning 'like doves in their steps.'
  3. 5.785Στέντορι εἰσαμένη — The participle εἰσαμένη, from the verb εἴδομαι ('to liken oneself to'), governs the dative case, here taking Στέντορι ('likening herself to Stentor').
  4. 5.800οἷ — οἷ is the dative singular of the third-person reflexive pronoun referring to Tydeus himself, and it depends on the adjective ἐοικότα ('like'), meaning 'a son like unto himself.'
  5. 5.838βριθοσύνῃ — The dative βριθοσύνῃ expresses cause or reason ('by reason of the weight'). The subject of the following verb ἄγεν (imperfect of ἄγω) is understood from the context to be either the chariot (δίφρος) or the axle (ἄξων) carrying the dread goddess and the chief hero.

Cite this passage

Homer, Iliad §5.768-5.839. Humanitext Reader, https://reader.humanitext.ai/en/text/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0012.tlg001.humanitext-grc2:5.768-5.839

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