Humanitext Reader

Isocrates · Concerning the Team of Horses §42-50

Denunciation of Teisias and Appeal against Ruin

Passage 6 of 6 · Greek

Summary

The speaker denounces the hypocrisy and wrongdoing of his accuser Teisias and Teisias's father-in-law Charicles, while recounting his own lifelong sufferings, including multiple banishments and loss of property. He explains that this five-talent lawsuit is a matter of life and death for him, as it threatens him with disfranchisement, and appeals to the jury for pity and justice.

§42τὰ δʼ ὑπὲρ ὑμῶν, τὰ δὲ μεθʼ ὑμῶν, ἀνόμοιος πολίτης Χαρικλεῖ τῷ τούτου κηδεστῇ γεγενημένος, ὃς τοῖς μὲν πολεμίοις δουλεύειν ἐπεθύμει, τῶν δὲ πολιτῶν ἄρχειν ἠξίου, καὶ φεύγων μὲν ἡσυχίαν εἶχε, κατελθὼν δὲ κακῶς ἐποίει τὴν πόλιν.
(risking his life partly) on your behalf, and partly in company with you, proving himself to be a citizen utterly unlike Charicles, this man's father-in-law, who desired to be a slave to the enemy, but demanded to rule over his fellow citizens, and who kept quiet while in exile, but upon his return did harm to the city.
καίτοι πῶς ἂν γένοιτʼ ἢ φίλος πονηρότερος ἢ ἐχθρὸς ἐλάττονος ἄξιος;
And yet, how could there be either a friend more treacherous or an enemy more worthless?
§43εἶτα σὺ κηδεστὴς μὲν ὢν ἐκείνου, βεβουλευκὼς δʼ ἐπὶ τῶν τριάκοντα τολμᾷς ἑτέροις μνησικακεῖν, καὶ οὐκ αἰσχύνει τὰς συνθήκας παραβαίνων διʼ ἃς αὐτὸς οἰκεῖς τὴν πόλιν, οὐδʼ ἐνθυμεῖ διότι, ὁπόταν δόξῃ τῶν παρεληλυθότων τιμωρίαν ποιεῖσθαι, σοὶ καὶ προτέρῳ καὶ μᾶλλον ἢ ʼμοὶ κινδυνεύειν ὑπάρχει;
And then you, being his son-in-law and having served as a councillor under the Thirty, dare to bear a grudge against others, and you are not ashamed of violating the covenant through which you yourself inhabit the city, nor do you consider that, whenever it is decided to exact punishment for past deeds, it is you who must face danger sooner and to a greater degree than I?
§44οὐ γὰρ δήπου παρʼ ἐμοῦ μὲν ὑπὲρ ὧν ὁ πατὴρ ἔπραξε δίκην λήψονται, σοὶ δὲ καὶ ὧν αὐτὸς ἡμάρτηκας συγγνώμην ἕξουσιν.
For surely they will not exact punishment from me for what my father did, while granting pardon to you even for the wrongs you yourself have committed.
ἀλλὰ μὴν οὐδʼ ὁμοίας ἐκείνῳ φανήσει τὰς προφάσεις ἔχων· οὐ γὰρ ἐκπεσὼν ἐκ τῆς πατρίδος ἀλλὰ συμπολιτευόμενος, οὐδʼ ἀναγκασθεὶς ἀλλʼ ἑκών, οὐδʼ ἀμυνόμενος ἀλλʼ ὑπάρχων ἠδίκεις αὐτούς, ὥστʼ οὐδʼ ἀπολογίας σοι προσήκει τυχεῖν παρʼ αὐτῶν.
And indeed, you will not appear to have excuses similar to his; for you were doing them wrong not because you had been banished from your country but while participating in its government, not under compulsion but willingly, and not in self-defense but taking the initiative, so that you do not even deserve to obtain an apology from them.
§45ἀλλὰ γὰρ περὶ μὲν τῶν Τεισίᾳ πεπολιτευμένων ἴσως πότʼ ἐν τοῖς τούτου κινδύνοις ἐγγενήσεται καὶ διὰ μακροτέρων εἰπεῖν· ὑμᾶς δʼ ἀξιῶ μὴ προέσθαι με τοῖς ἐχθροῖς μηδʼ ἀνηκέστοις συμφοραῖς περιβαλεῖν.
However, concerning Teisias's political career, there will perhaps be an opportunity some time to speak at greater length during his own dangers; but I ask you not to abandon me to my enemies, nor to involve me in irreparable misfortunes.
ἱκανῶς γὰρ καὶ νῦν πεπείραμαι κακῶν, ὃς εὐθὺς μὲν γενόμενος ὀρφανὸς κατελείφθην, τοῦ μὲν πατρὸς φυγόντος, τῆς δὲ μητρὸς τελευτησάσης, οὔπω δὲ τέτταρʼ ἔτη γεγονὼς διὰ τὴν τοῦ πατρὸς φυγὴν περὶ τοῦ σώματος εἰς κίνδυνον κατέστην,
For I have already had sufficient experience of evils, who was left an orphan immediately at birth, my father being in exile and my mother having died, and before I was four years old, I was placed in danger of my life because of my father's exile.
§46ἔτι δὲ παῖς ὢν ὑπὸ τῶν τριάκοντʼ ἐκ τῆς πόλεως ἐξέπεσον.
And while still a boy, I was banished from the city by the Thirty.
κατελθόντων δὲ τῶν ἐκ Πειραιῶς καὶ τῶν ἄλλων κομιζομένων τὰς οὐσίας ἐγὼ μόνος τὴν γῆν, ἣν ἡμῖν ἀπέδωκεν ὁ δῆμος ἀντὶ τῶν δημευθέντων χρημάτων, διὰ τὴν τῶν ἐχθρῶν δύναμιν ἀπεστερήθην.
When those from Peiraeus returned and the others were recovering their properties, I alone was deprived of the land which the democracy had given us in place of our confiscated property, because of the power of my enemies.
τοσαῦτα δὲ προδεδυστυχηκὼς καὶ δὶς τὴν οὐσίαν ἀπολωλεκὼς νυνὶ πέντε ταλάντων φεύγω δίκην.
Having suffered such misfortunes beforehand and having twice lost my property, I am now defending a lawsuit for five talents.
καὶ τὸ μὲν ἔγκλημʼ ἐστὶ περὶ χρημάτων, ἀγωνίζομαι δʼ εἰ χρὴ μετεῖναί μοι τῆς πόλεως.
And while the charge is about money, I am fighting to see whether I should have a share in the city.
§47τῶν γὰρ αὐτῶν τιμημάτων ἐπιγεγραμμένων οὐ περὶ τῶν αὐτῶν ἅπασιν ὁ κίνδυνός ἐστιν, ἀλλὰ τοῖς μὲν χρήματα κεκτημένοις περὶ ζημίας, τοῖς δʼ ἀπόρως ὥσπερ ἐγὼ διακειμένοις περὶ ἀτιμίας, ἣν ἐγὼ φυγῆς μείζω συμφορὰν νομίζω· πολὺ γὰρ ἀθλιώτερον παρὰ τοῖς αὑτοῦ πολίταις ἠτιμωμένον οἰκεῖν ἢ παρʼ ἑτέροις μετοικεῖν.
For although the same penalties are written on the charge-sheets, the danger is not the same for everyone; for those who possess wealth, it is about a loss of money, but for those in needy circumstances like myself, it is about disfranchisement, which I consider a greater misfortune than exile; for it is much more wretched to live disfranchised among one's own citizens than to live as a resident alien among others.
§48δέομαι δʼ οὖν ὑμῶν βοηθῆσαί μοι καὶ μὴ περιιδεῖν ὑπὸ τῶν ἐχθρῶν ὑβρισθέντα μηδὲ τῆς πατρίδος στερηθέντα μηδʼ ἐπὶ τοιαύταις τύχαις περίβλεπτον γενόμενον.
I beg of you, therefore, to aid me and not to allow me to be insulted by my enemies, nor deprived of my country, nor to become an object of public gaze in such fortunes.
δικαίως δʼ ἂν ὑφʼ ὑμῶν ἐξ αὐτῶν τῶν ἔργων ἐλεηθείην, εἰ καὶ τῷ λόγῳ τυγχάνω μὴ δυνάμενος ἐπὶ τοῦθʼ ὑμᾶς ἄγειν, εἴπερ χρὴ τούτους ἐλεεῖν, τοὺς ἀδίκως μὲν κινδυνεύοντας, περὶ δὲ τῶν μεγίστων ἀγωνιζομένους, ἀναξίως δʼ αὑτῶν καὶ τῶν προγόνων πράττοντας, πλείστων δὲ χρημάτων ἀπεστερημένους καὶ μεγίστῃ μεταβολῇ τοῦ βίου κεχρημένους.
You would justly pity me from my actual deeds, even if in my speech I happen to be unable to lead you to this; if indeed one ought to pity those who are in danger unjustly, who are fighting for the most important matters, who are faring in a way unworthy of themselves and their ancestors, and who have been deprived of the greatest wealth and have experienced the greatest change in their lives.
§49πολλὰ δʼ ἔχων ἐμαυτὸν ὀδύρασθαι μάλιστʼ ἐπὶ τούτοις ἀγανακτῶ, πρῶτον μὲν εἰ τούτῳ δώσω δίκην παρʼ οὗ λαβεῖν μοι προσήκει, δεύτερον δʼ εἰ διὰ τὴν τοῦ πατρὸς νίκην τὴν Ὀλυμπίασιν ἀτιμωθήσομαι, διʼ ἣν τοὺς ἄλλους ὁρῶ δωρεὰς λαμβάνοντας, §50πρὸς δὲ τούτοις εἰ Τεισίας μὲν μηδὲν ἀγαθὸν ποιήσας τὴν πόλιν καὶ ἐν δημοκρατίᾳ καὶ ἐν ὀλιγαρχίᾳ μέγα δυνήσεται, ἐγὼ δʼ εἰ μηδετέρους ἀδικήσας ὑπʼ ἀμφοτέρων κακῶς πείσομαι, καὶ περὶ μὲν τῶν ἄλλων τἀναντία τοῖς τριάκοντα πράξετε, περὶ δʼ ἐμοῦ τὴν αὐτὴν ἐκείνοις γνώμην ἕξετε, καὶ τότε μὲν μεθʼ ὑμῶν, νῦν δʼ ὑφʼ ὑμῶν τῆς πόλεως στερήσομαι.
Though I have many things for which to lament myself, I am most indignant at these: first, if I shall pay a penalty to him from whom it is proper for me to receive it; second, if I shall be disfranchised because of my father's victory at Olympia, for which I see others receiving rewards; and in addition to these, if Teisias, having done no good to the city, shall have great power both in a democracy and in an oligarchy, while I, having wronged neither party, shall suffer ill from both, and you will act in opposition to the Thirty regarding others, but will hold the same opinion as they do regarding me, and whereas then I was deprived of the city in company with you, I shall now be deprived of it by you.

Notes

  1. 42τὰ δʼ ὑπὲρ ὑμῶν, τὰ δὲ μεθʼ ὑμῶν — An adverbial accusative neuter plural construction continuing from the end of §41 (τὰ μὲν ὑφʼ ὑμῶν, τὰ δὲ διʼ ὑμᾶς), modifying the participle κινδυνεύων. It must be translated in close connection with the preceding context.
  2. 43σοὶ καὶ προτέρῳ καὶ μᾶλλον ἢ ʼμοὶ κινδυνεύειν ὑπάρχει — The subject of the impersonally used verb ὑπάρχει (it is your lot, is in store for you) is the infinitive κινδυνεύειν. The dative σοί denotes the person to whom this condition applies.
  3. 44ὑπάρχων ἠδίκεις αὐτούς — The participle ὑπάρχων (from ὑπάρχω) is used adverbially here to mean "taking the initiative" or "being the aggressor." Rather than just "existing," it emphasizes that Teisias committed wrongs proactively, without being provoked.
  4. 46τὴν γῆν ... ἀπεστερήθην — The verb ἀπεστερέω (to deprive) takes a double accusative in the active voice. When put into the passive (ἀπεστερήθην), the thing of which one is deprived (τὴν γῆν) remains in the accusative case (retained accusative).
  5. 49δώσω δίκην παρʼ οὗ λαβεῖν μοι προσήκει — An idiomatic contrast between the legal expressions δίκην δίδωμι (to pay a penalty, to be punished) and δίκην λαμβάνω (to exact a penalty, to receive compensation). The antecedent of the relative pronoun οὗ is the implicit demonstrative pronoun referring to the opponent, highlighting the irony of being punished by the very person from whom the speaker should receive compensation.

Cite this passage

Isocrates, Concerning the Team of Horses §42-50. Humanitext Reader, https://reader.humanitext.ai/en/text/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0010.tlg004.humanitext-grc2:42-50

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