§4Περσῶν μετὰ πεντακοσίων μυριάδων ἐπὶ τὴν Ἑλλάδα ἐρχομένων, Λεωνίδας ἅμα τριακοσίοις ἐπέμφθη εἰς Θερμοπύλας ὑπὸ Λακεδαιμονίων.
When the Persians were marching against Greece with five million men, Leonidas was sent to Thermopylae by the Lacedaemonians together with three hundred men.
εὐωχουμένοις δʼ ἐκεῖ ἐπέκειτο τὸ τῶν βαρβάρων πλῆθος· καὶ ὁ Λεωνίδας εἶπεν ἰδὼν τοὺς βαρβάρους,
οὕτως ἀριστᾶτε ὡς ἐν Ἅιδου δειπνήσοντες
καὶ ὁρμήσας κατὰ τῶν βαρβάρων καὶ πολλοῖς περιπαρεὶς δόρασιν ἀνέβη ἐπὶ τὸν Ξέρξην καὶ τὸ διάδημα ἀφείλετο.
As they were feasting there, the multitude of the barbarians fell upon them; and Leonidas, seeing the barbarians, said: "Eat breakfast as if you are going to dine in Hades." And having rushed against the barbarians and being pierced by many spears, he went up to Xerxes and took away his diadem.
οὗ ἀποθανόντος ὁ βάρβαρος τέμνει τὴν καρδίαν καὶ εὗρε δασεῖαν· ὡς Ἀριστείδης ἐν πρώτῃ Περσικῶν.
When he died, the barbarian cut open his heart and found it hairy; as Aristides relates in the first book of the Persian History.
Ῥωμαῖοι πρὸς Ποινοὺς πόλεμον ἔχοντες ἔπεμψαν τριακοσίους καὶ στρατηγὸν Φάβιον Μάξιμον.
The Romans, having a war against the Carthaginians, sent three hundred men and Fabius Maximus as general.
συμβαλὼν δʼ ἀπέβαλε πάντας, αὐτὸς δὲ καιρίως τρωθεὶς μεθʼ ὁρμῆς ἐπὶ τὸν Ἀννίβαν ἠνέχθη, καὶ καθελὼν τὸ διάδημα συναπέθανεν αὐτῷ, καθάπερ ἱστορεῖ Ἀριστείδης ὁ Μιλήσιος.
But when he joined battle, he lost all his men, and he himself, being mortally wounded, rushed with impetuosity upon Hannibal, and having pulled down his diadem, died together with him; just as Aristides the Milesian relates.
§5κατὰ Κελαινὰς πόλιν τῆς Φρυγίας χάσμα μεθʼ ὕδατος γενόμενον πολλὰς οἰκίας αὐτάνδρους εἰς τὸν βυθὸν εἵλκυσε.
In Celaenae, a city of Phrygia, a chasm accompanied by water appeared and dragged many houses down to the depth along with their inhabitants.
Μίδας δὲ ὁ βασιλεὺς χρησμὸν ἔλαβεν, ἐὰν τὸ τιμιώτατον ἐμβάλῃ, συνελεύσεσθαι·
King Midas received an oracle that if he should cast in the most precious thing, it would close.
ὁ δὲ χρυσὸν καὶ ἄργυρον ἐμβαλὼν οὐδὲν ἐβοήθησεν.
But though he cast in gold and silver, it helped not at all.
Ἄγχουρος δʼ υἱὸς τοῦ Μίδα λογισάμενος μηδὲν εἶναι τιμιώτερον ἐν βίῳ ψυχῆς ἀνθρωπίνης, δοὺς περιπλοκὰς τῷ γεννήσαντι καὶ τῇ γυναικὶ Τιμοθέᾳ, ἔφιππος εἰς τὸν τόπον τοῦ χάσματος ἠνέχθη.
Then Anchurus, the son of Midas, reflecting that there is nothing in life more precious than a human soul, having embraced his father and his wife Timothea, rode on horseback and rushed into the place of the chasm.
συνελθούσης δὲ τῆς γῆς χρύσεον βωμὸν ἐποίησεν Ἰδαίου Διὸς ἁψάμενος τῇ χειρί.
When the earth closed, he, by touching it with his hand, made a golden altar of Idaean Zeus.
οὗτος ὁ βωμὸς περὶ ἐκεῖνον τὸν καιρόν ᾧ τὸ χάσμα συνέβη γενέσθαι. , λίθινος γίγνεται· τῆς δὲ ὡρισμένης προθεσμίας παρελθούσης, χρύσεος ὁρᾶται· ὡς Καλλισθένης ἐν δευτέρῳ Μεταμορφώσεων.
This altar becomes made of stone around that time of year in which the chasm happened to occur; but when the appointed period has passed, it is seen as golden; as Callisthenes relates in the second book of the Metamorphoses.
διά μέσης τῆς ἀγορᾶς ῥέων ὁ Τίβερις διὰ μῆνιν Ταρπηίου Διὸς μέγιστον ἀπέρρηξε χάσμα καὶ πολλὰς οἰκίας ἐβύθισε·
The Tiber, flowing through the middle of the forum, by the wrath of Tarpeian Zeus, tore open a huge chasm and submerged many houses.
χρησμὸς δʼ ἐδόθη λήξεσθαι, ἐὰν τὸ τίμιον ἐμβάλωσι.
An oracle was given that it would cease if they should cast in what was precious.
τῶν δὲ χρυσὸν καὶ ἄργυρον ἐμβαλλόντων, Κούρτιος τῶν ἐπισήμων νέος τὸν χρησμὸν νοήσας καὶ λογισάμενος τὴν ψυχὴν τιμιωτέραν, ἔφιππον ἑαυτὸν ἔρριψεν εἰς τὸ χάσμα καὶ τοὺς οἰκείους ἐξέσῳσε τῶν κακῶν· ὡς Ἀριστείδης ἐν τετταρακοστῷ Ἰταλικῶν.
While people were casting in gold and silver, Curtius, a noble youth, having understood the oracle and reflecting that the soul is more precious, threw himself on horseback into the chasm, and rescued his people from the evils; as Aristides relates in the fortieth book of the Italian History.
§6τῶν ἅμα Πολυνείκει εὐωχουμένων λοχαγῶν ἀετὸς καταπτὰς τὸ Ἀμφιάρεω ἐβάστασε δόρυ εἰς ὕφος καὶ εἴασε· τὸ. δὲ παγὲν ἐν γῇ δάφνη ἐγένετο.
While the captains were feasting together with Polynices, an eagle flew down, snatched the spear of Amphiaraus into the height, and let it go; and the spear, having been fixed in the earth, became a laurel tree.
τῇ δʼ ὑστεραίᾳ πολεμούντων κατʼ ἐκεῖνο κατεπόθη ὁ Ἀμφιάρεως ἄμα τῷ ἅρματι, ἔνθα νῦν πόλις Ἅρμα καλεῖται· ὡς Τρισίμαχος ἐν τρίτῳ Κτίσεων.
On the following day, as they were fighting, Amphiaraus was swallowed up together with his chariot at that place, where now the city is called Harma; as Trisimachus relates in the third book of the Foundations.
Ῥωμαίων πρὸς Πύρρον Ἠπειρώτην πολεμούντων Αἰμίλιος Παῦλος χρησμὸν ἔλαβε νικῆσαι, βωμὸν ἐὰν ἅρματι, ἔνθα ἂν ἴδῃ χάσματι κρυπτόμενον ἄνδρα τῶν ἐπισήμων μετὰ ἅρματος.
When the Romans were at war with Pyrrhus of Epirus, Aemilius Paulus received an oracle that he would conquer if he should build an altar with a chariot at the place where he should see a distinguished man hidden in a chasm with a chariot.
μετὰ τρεῖς ἡμέρας Οὐαλέριος Κονᾶτος κατʼ ὄναρ ἰδὼν ἀναλαβεῖν ἱερέως κόσμον καὶ γὰρ ἦν μαντικῆς ἔμπειρος, στρατηγήσας καὶ πολλοὺς φονεύσας ὑπὸ γῆς κατεπόθη.
Three days later, Valerius Conatus, having seen in a dream that he assumed the vestments of a priest (for indeed he was skilled in divination), having acted as general and slain many, was swallowed up under the earth.
ὁ Αἰμίλιος δὲ βωμὸν ἱδρύσας ἐνίκησε καὶ ἑκατὸν ἑξήκοντα πυργοφόρους ἐλέφαντας εἰς Ῥώμην κατέπεμψεν.
Then Aemilius, having built the altar, conquered and sent one hundred and sixty tower-bearing elephants to Rome.
ὁ δὲ βωμὸς μαντεύεται κατʼ ἐκεῖνον τὸν καιρόν, καθʼ ὃν ἐνικήθη Πύρρος· ὡς ἱστορεῖ Κριτόλας ἐν τρίτῃ Ἠπειρωτικῶν.
And this altar gives oracles at that season in which Pyrrhus was conquered; as Critolas relates in the third book of the Epeirotica.
§7Πυραίχμης βασιλεὺς Εὐβοέων ἐπολέμει Βοιωτοῖς ὃν Ἡρακλῆς ἔτι νέος ὢν ἐνίκησε· πώλοις δὲ προσδήσας καὶ εἰς δύο μέρη διελὼν τὸν Πυραίχμην, ἄταφον ἔρριψεν.
Pyraechmes, the king of the Euboeans, made war against the Boeotians, whom Hercules, while still young, conquered; and having bound Pyraechmes to colts and torn him into two parts, he cast him out unburied.
ὁ δὲ τόπος προσαγορεύεται
πῶλοι Πυραίχμου,
κεῖται δὲ παρὰ ποταμὸν Ἡράκλειον, χρεμετισμὸν δʼ ἀναδίδωσι πινόντων ἵππων ὡς ἐν τρίτῳ περὶ Ποταμῶν.
The place is called "Pyraechmes' Colts", and lies by the river Heracleius; and it gives forth the neighing of horses when they drink, as is related in the third book of the treatise On Rivers.
Τοῦλλος Ὁστίλιος βασιλεὺς Ῥωμαίων ἐπολέμησεν Ἀλβανοῖς, βασιλέως ὄντος Μετίου Φουφετίου, καὶ τὴν μάχην πολλάκις ὑπερέθετο. οἱ δʼ ὡς ἡττωμένου εἰς εὐωχίαν ἐτράπησαν·
Tullus Hostilius, the king of the Romans, made war against the Albans, whose king was Mettius Fufetius, and frequently postponed the battle.
οἰνωμένοις δʼ ἐπέθετο, καὶ τὸν βασιλέα δύο πώλοις συζεύξας διεσπάραξεν· ὡς Ἀλέξαρχος ἐν τετάρτῃ Ἰταλικῶν.
But they, as though he were defeated, turned themselves to feasting; and he fell upon them while they were drunk, and having bound their king to two colts, tore him asunder; as Alexarchus relates in the fourth book of the Italian History.