§9τὴν σελήνην, ὅταν ἀποστῇ τοῦ ἡλίου, περιφανῆ καὶ λαμπρὰν ὁρῶμεν, ἀφανίζεται δὲ καὶ κρύπτεται πλησίον γενομένη·
We see the moon, when she is far from the sun, conspicuous and bright, but she disappears and hides herself when she is near.
τὴν δὲ σώφρονα γυναῖκα δεῖ τοὐναντίον ὁρᾶσθαι μάλιστα μετὰ τοῦ ἀνδρὸς οὖσαν, οἰκουρεῖν δὲ καὶ κρύπτεσθαι μὴ παρόντος
On the contrary, a prudent wife ought to be seen most of all when she is with her husband, and to stay at home and hide herself when he is absent.
§10οὐκ ὀρθῶς Ἡρόδοτος εἶπεν ὅτι ἡ γυνὴ ἅμα τῷ χιτῶνι ἐκδύεται καὶ τὴν αἰδῶ· τοὐναντίον γὰρ ἡ σώφρων ἀντενδύεται τὴν αἰδῶ, καὶ τοῦ μάλιστα φιλεῖν τῷ μάλιστα αἰδεῖσθαι συμβόλῳ χρῶνται πρὸς ἀλλήλους.
Herodotus did not speak correctly when he said that a woman strips off her shame at the same time as her tunic; for, on the contrary, a prudent woman puts on shame in its place, and they use mutual respect towards one another as a token of loving one another exceedingly.
§11ὥσπερ ἂν φθόγγοι δύο σύμφωνοι ληφθῶσι, τοῦ βαρυτέρου γίγνεται τὸ μέλος, οὕτω πᾶσα πρᾶξις ἐν οἰκίᾳ σωφρονούσῃ πράττεται μὲν ὑπʼ ἀμφοτέρων ὁμονοούντων, ἐπιφαίνει δὲ τὴν τοῦ ἀνδρὸς ἡγεμονίαν καὶ προαίρεσιν.
Just as, if two concordant sounds are taken, the melody belongs to the lower tone, so every action in a prudent household is performed by both in agreement, but reveals the leadership and decision of the husband.
§12ὁ ἥλιος τὸν βορέαν ἐνίκησεν.
The sun overcame the north wind.
ὁ γὰρ ἄνθρωπος τοῦ μὲν ἀνέμου βιαζομένου τὸ ἱμάτιον ἀφελέσθαι καὶ λαμπρὸν καταπνέοντος μᾶλλον ἔσφιγγε καὶ συνεῖχε τὴν περιβολὴν τοῦ δʼ ἡλίου μετὰ τὸ πνεῦμα θερμοῦ γενομένου θαλπόμενος εἶτα καυματιζόμενος καὶ τὸν χιτῶνα τῷ ἱματίῳ προσαπεδύσατο.
For when the wind blew fiercely and tried to take away his cloak by force, the man only tightened and held his garment closer; but when the sun became warm after the wind, being warmed and then heated, he stripped off his tunic along with his cloak.
τοῦτο 0 ποιοῦσιν αἱ πλεῖσται γυναῖκες· ἀφαιρουμένοις τοῖς ἀνδράσι βίᾳ τὴν τρυφὴν καὶ τὴν πολυτέλειαν διαμάχονται καὶ χαλεπαίνουσιν· ἂν πείθωνται μετὰ λόγου, πράως ἀποτίθενται καὶ μετριάζουσιν.
Most women do this: when their husbands take away their luxury and extravagance by force, they fight and grow angry; but if they are persuaded with reason, they quietly lay them aside and practice moderation.
§13ὁ Κάτων ἐξέβαλε τῆς βουλῆς τὸν φιλήσαντα τὴν ἑαυτοῦ γυναῖκα τῆς θυγατρὸς παρούσης.
Cato expelled from the Senate the man who kissed his own wife in the presence of his daughter.
τοῦτο μὲν οὖν ἴσως σφοδρότερον εἰ δʼ αἰσχρόν ἐστιν, ὥσπερ ἐστίν, ἑτέρων παρόντων ἀσπάζεσθαι καὶ φιλεῖν καὶ περιβάλλειν ἀλλήλους, πῶς οὐκ αἴσχιον ἑτέρων παρόντων λοιδορεῖσθαι καὶ διαφέρεσθαι πρὸς ἀλλήλους, καὶ τὰς μὲν ἐντεύξεις καὶ φιλοφροσύνας ἀπορρήτους πρὸς τὴν γυναῖκα ποιεῖσθαι, νουθεσίᾳ δὲ καὶ μέμψει καὶ παρρησίᾳ χρῆσθαι φανερᾷ καὶ ἀναπεπταμένῃ;
This was perhaps indeed rather severe; but if it is shameful, as indeed it is, to greet, kiss, and embrace one another in the presence of others, how is it not more shameful to scold and quarrel with one another in the presence of others, and while keeping intimacy and acts of affection private with one's wife, to use admonition, blame, and plain speaking in public and in the open?
§14ὥσπερ ἐσόπτρου κατεσκευασμένου χρυσῷ καὶ λίθοις ὄφελος οὐδέν ἐστιν, εἰ μὴ δείκνυσι τὴν μορφὴν ὁμοίαν, οὕτως οὐδὲ πλουσίας γαμετῆς ὄνησις, εἰ μὴ παρέχει τὸν βίον ὅμοιον τῷ ἀνδρὶ καὶ σύμφωνον τὸ ἦθος.
Just as there is no use in a mirror adorned with gold and precious stones unless it shows the image to be like, so there is no benefit in a wealthy wife unless she makes her life like her husband's and her character in harmony with him.
εἰ χαίροντος μὲν εἰκόνα σκυθρωπὴν ἀποδίδωσι τὸ ἔσοπτρον, ἀχθομένου δὲ καὶ σκυθρωπάζοντας ἱλαρὰν καὶ σεσηρυῖαν, ἡμαρτημένον ἐστὶ καὶ φαῦλον.
If the mirror returns a gloomy image when he is cheerful, and a cheerful, grinning one when he is vexed and gloomy, it is defective and useless.
οὐκοῦν καὶ γυνὴ φαῦλος καὶ ἄκαιρος ἡ παίζειν μὲν ὡρμημένου καὶ φιλοφρονεῖσθαι τοῦ ἀνδρὸς ἐσκυθρωπακυῖα, σπουδάζοντος δὲ παίζουσα καὶ γελῶσα· τὸ μὲν γὰρ ἀηδίας, τὸ δʼ ὀλιγωρίας.
Likewise, a wife is useless and ill-timed who is gloomy when her husband is eager to play and be affectionate, but plays and laughs when he is serious; for the one is a sign of unpleasantness, and the other of neglect.
δεῖ δέ, ὥσπερ οἱ γεωμέτραι λέγουσι τὰς γραμμὰς καὶ τὰς ἐπιφανείας οὐ κινεῖσθαι καθʼ ἑαυτὰς ἀλλὰ συγκινεῖσθαι τοῖς σώμασιν, οὕτω τὴν γυναῖκα μηδὲν ἴδιον πάθος ἔχειν, ἀλλὰ κοινωνεῖν τῷ ἀνδρὶ καὶ σπουδῆς καὶ παιδιᾶς καὶ συννοίας καὶ γέλωτος.
But just as geometricians say that lines and surfaces do not move by themselves but move together with the bodies, so a wife ought to have no private emotion of her own, but to share with her husband in his seriousness, play, worry, and laughter.
§15οἱ τὰς γυναῖκας μὴ ἡδέως βλέποντες ἐσθιούσας μετʼ αὐτῶν διδάσκουσιν ἐμπίπλασθαι μόνας γενομένας.
Husbands who do not look with pleasure upon their wives eating with them teach them to fill themselves when they are alone.
οὕτως οἱ μὴ συνόντες ἱλαρῶς ταῖς γυναιξὶ μηδὲ παιδιᾶς κοινωνοῦντες αὐταῖς καὶ γέλωτος ἰδίας ἡδονὰς χωρὶς αὐτῶν ζητεῖν διδάσκουσιν. §16·
Likewise, those who do not associate cheerfully with their wives, nor share in play and laughter with them, teach them to seek private pleasures apart from them.
τοῖς τῶν Περσῶν βασιλεῦσιν αἱ γνήσιαι γυναῖκες παρακάθηνται δειπνοῦσι καὶ συνεστιῶνται· βουλόμενοι δὲ παίζειν καὶ μεθύσκεσθαι ταύτας μὲν ἀποπέμπουσι, τὰς δὲ μουσουργοὺς καὶ παλλακίδας καλοῦσιν, ὀρθῶς τοῦτό γʼ αὐτὸ ποιοῦντες, ὅτι τὸ συνακολασταίνειν καὶ παροινεῖν οὐ μεταδιδόασι ταῖς γαμεταῖς.
The legitimate wives of the Persian kings sit beside them at dinner and feast with them; but when they wish to play and get drunk, they send these wives away, and call in the music-girls and concubines, doing this very thing correctly, because they do not share their licentiousness and drunken revelry with their married wives.
ἂν οὖν ἰδιώτης ἀνήρ, ἀκρατὴς δὲ περὶ τὰς ἡδονὰς καὶ ἀνάγωγος, ἐξαμάρτῃ τι πρὸς ἑταίραν ἢ θεραπαινίδα, δεῖ τὴν γαμετὴν μὴ ἀγανακτεῖν μηδὲ χαλεπαίνειν, λογιζομένην ὅτι παροινίας καὶ ἀκολασίας καὶ ὕβρεως αἰδούμενος αὐτὴν ἑτέρᾳ μεταδίδωσιν.
If, then, a private husband, who is incontinent regarding pleasures and ill-bred, commits some offense with a courtesan or a maidservant, the married wife ought not to be vexed or angry, considering that out of respect for her, he shares his drunken revelry, licentiousness, and insolence with another woman.
§17οἱ φιλόμουσοι τῶν βασιλέων πολλοὺς μουσικοὺς ποιοῦσιν, οἱ φιλόλογοι λογίους, οἱ φιλαθληταὶ γυμναστικούς.
Kings who love music make many musicians; those who love letters make scholars; those who love athletics make gymnasts.
οὕτως ἀνὴρ φιλοσώματος καλλωπίστριαν γυναῖκα ποιεῖ, φιλήδονος ἑταιρικὴν καὶ ἀκόλαστον, φιλάγαθος καὶ φιλόκαλος σώφρονα καὶ κοσμίαν.
Likewise, a husband who loves bodily beauty makes an adorned wife; one who loves pleasure makes her courtesan-like and licentious; but one who loves what is good and beautiful makes her prudent and orderly.
§18Λάκαινα παιδίσκη, πυνθανομένου τινὸς εἰ ἤδη ἀνδρὶ προσελήλυθεν
οὐκ ἔγωγʼ
εἶπεν ἀλλʼ
ἐμοὶ ἐκεῖνος. οὗτος ὁ τρόπος, οἶμαι, τῆς οἰκοδεσποίνης, μήτε φεύγειν μήτε δυσχεραίνειν τὰ τοιαῦτα τοῦ ἀνδρὸς ἀρχομένου μήτε αὐτὴν κατάρχεσθαι· τὸ μὲν γὰρ ἑταιρικὸν καὶ ἰταμόν, τὸ δʼ ὑπερήφανον καὶ ἀφιλόστοργον.
A Spartan girl, when someone asked her if she had already approached a husband, said: "Not I, but he approached me." This, I think, is the manner of the mistress of the house, neither to flee nor to be displeased when the husband begins such things, nor to begin them herself; for the one is courtesan-like and bold, and the other is haughty and unaffectionate.